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詳解springMVC兩種方式實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳及效率比較

更新時(shí)間：2016年12月19日 15:02:09 作者：a1314517love

本篇文章介紹了springMVC兩種方式實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳及效率比較。springMVC實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳有兩種，一種是字節(jié)流的方式進(jìn)行文件上傳，另外一種是使用springMVC包裝好的解析器進(jìn)行上傳，有興趣的可以了解一下。

springMVC實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳的方式有兩種，一種是我們經(jīng)常使用的以字節(jié)流的方式進(jìn)行文件上傳，另外一種是使用springMVC包裝好的解析器進(jìn)行上傳。這兩種方式對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)多文件上傳效率上卻有著很大的差距，下面我們通過(guò)實(shí)例來(lái)看一下這兩種方式的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式，同時(shí)比較一下在效率上到底存在著多大的差距。

1.下載相關(guān)jar包。需要引入的jar出了springMVC的jar包外，還需要引入com.springsource.org.apache.commons.fileupload-1.2.0.jar和com.springsource.org.apache.commons.io-1.4.0.jar。

2.配置springAnnotation-servlet.xml文件（文件名稱可以自定義，只要和web.xml中引入的名稱一樣即可）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<!-- Bean頭部 --> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
  xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> 
   
  <!-- 注解掃描包 --> 
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb.web.controller.annotation"></context:component-scan> 
  <!-- 代替下面的兩行代碼 --> 
  <mvc:annotation-driven/> 
  
  <!-- 靜態(tài)資源訪問(wèn) --> 
  <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/> 
  <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> 
   
   
  <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
    <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> 
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
   
  </bean> 
   
  <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> 
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>  
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"></property> 
    <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property> 
  </bean> 
</beans>

3. 配置web.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
 <display-name>springMVC1</display-name> 
 <welcome-file-list> 
  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> 
 </welcome-file-list> 
  
 <servlet> 
   <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
   <!-- springMVC的分發(fā)器 --> 
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
   <init-param> 
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
    <param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value> 
   </init-param> 
   <!-- 表示當(dāng)Tomcat已啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候初始化這個(gè)Servlet --> 
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
 </servlet> 
  
 <filter>  
   <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
   <init-param>  
     <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
     <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> <!--設(shè)置你想用的字符集，我這里用的是GB18030-->  
   </init-param>  
   <init-param> 
    <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
    <param-value>true</param-value> 
   </init-param> 
 </filter>  
   
 <filter-mapping>  
   <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> <!--設(shè)置你想過(guò)濾的頁(yè)面或者是Servlet，根據(jù)自己的需要配置-->  
 </filter-mapping>  
  
 <servlet-mapping> 
  <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
 </servlet-mapping> 
</web-app>

4. jsp頁(yè)面代碼：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html> 
<head> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
<title>Insert title here</title> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
  i = 1; 
  j = 1; 
  $(document).ready(function(){ 
     
    $("#btn_add1").click(function(){ 
      document.getElementById("newUpload1").innerHTML+='<div id="div_'+i+'"><input name="file" type="file" /><input type="button" value="刪除" onclick="del_1('+i+')"/></div>'; 
       i = i + 1; 
    }); 
     
    $("#btn_add2").click(function(){ 
      document.getElementById("newUpload2").innerHTML+='<div id="div_'+j+'"><input name="file_'+j+'" type="file" /><input type="button" value="刪除" onclick="del_2('+j+')"/></div>'; 
       j = j + 1; 
    }); 
  }); 
 
  function del_1(o){ 
   document.getElementById("newUpload1").removeChild(document.getElementById("div_"+o)); 
  } 
   
  function del_2(o){ 
     document.getElementById("newUpload2").removeChild(document.getElementById("div_"+o)); 
  } 
 
</script> 
</head> 
<body> 
 
   <h1>springMVC字節(jié)流輸入上傳文件</h1>  
  <form name="userForm1" action="/springMVC7/file/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> 
    <div id="newUpload1"> 
      <input type="file" name="file"> 
    </div> 
     
    <input type="button" id="btn_add1" value="增加一行" > 
    <input type="submit" value="上傳" > 
  </form>  
  <br> 
  <br> 
  <hr align="left" width="60%" color="#FF0000" size="3"> 
  <br> 
  <br> 
   <h1>springMVC包裝類上傳文件</h1>  
  <form name="userForm2" action="/springMVC7/file/upload2" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post""> 
    <div id="newUpload2"> 
      <input type="file" name="file"> 
    </div> 
    <input type="button" id="btn_add2" value="增加一行" > 
    <input type="submit" value="上傳" > 
     
     
  </form>  
</body> 
</html>

5.實(shí)現(xiàn)上傳功能的java bean：

package com.tgb.web.controller.annotation.upload;  
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.PrintWriter; 
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; 
import java.net.URLDecoder; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.Iterator; 
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter; 
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; 
 
 
import com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User; 
 
@Controller 
@RequestMapping("/file") 
public class UploadController {  
   
   
  @RequestMapping("/upload"  ) 
  public String addUser(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile[] files,HttpServletRequest request){ 
     
    for(int i = 0;i<files.length;i++){ 
      System.out.println("fileName---------->" + files[i].getOriginalFilename()); 
     
      if(!files[i].isEmpty()){ 
        int pre = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); 
        try { 
          //拿到輸出流，同時(shí)重命名上傳的文件 
          FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("H:/" + new Date().getTime() + files[i].getOriginalFilename()); 
          //拿到上傳文件的輸入流 
          FileInputStream in = (FileInputStream) files[i].getInputStream(); 
           
          //以寫字節(jié)的方式寫文件 
          int b = 0; 
          while((b=in.read()) != -1){ 
            os.write(b); 
          } 
          os.flush(); 
          os.close(); 
          in.close(); 
          int finaltime = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); 
          System.out.println(finaltime - pre); 
           
        } catch (Exception e) { 
          e.printStackTrace(); 
          System.out.println("上傳出錯(cuò)"); 
        } 
    } 
    } 
    return "/success"; 
  } 
   
   
  @RequestMapping("/upload2" ) 
  public String upload2(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IllegalStateException, IOException { 
    //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)通用的多部分解析器 
    CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(request.getSession().getServletContext()); 
    //判斷 request 是否有文件上傳,即多部分請(qǐng)求 
    if(multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)){ 
      //轉(zhuǎn)換成多部分request  
      MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest)request; 
      //取得request中的所有文件名 
      Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); 
      while(iter.hasNext()){ 
        //記錄上傳過(guò)程起始時(shí)的時(shí)間，用來(lái)計(jì)算上傳時(shí)間 
        int pre = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); 
        //取得上傳文件 
        MultipartFile file = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); 
        if(file != null){ 
          //取得當(dāng)前上傳文件的文件名稱 
          String myFileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); 
          //如果名稱不為“”,說(shuō)明該文件存在，否則說(shuō)明該文件不存在 
          if(myFileName.trim() !=""){ 
            System.out.println(myFileName); 
            //重命名上傳后的文件名 
            String fileName = "demoUpload" + file.getOriginalFilename(); 
            //定義上傳路徑 
            String path = "H:/" + fileName; 
            File localFile = new File(path); 
            file.transferTo(localFile); 
          } 
        } 
        //記錄上傳該文件后的時(shí)間 
        int finaltime = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); 
        System.out.println(finaltime - pre); 
      } 
       
    } 
    return "/success"; 
  } 
   
  @RequestMapping("/toUpload" )  
  public String toUpload() { 
     
    return "/upload"; 
  } 
   
}

6.最后看后臺(tái)打印數(shù)據(jù)，數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源于后臺(tái)打印的上傳文件所用的時(shí)間，第一幅圖片是使用字節(jié)流寫入方式完成三個(gè)文件上傳中每個(gè)文件用時(shí)，第二幅圖片是使用springMVC包裝好的解析器進(jìn)行的三個(gè)相同的文件上傳中每個(gè)文件的用時(shí)：

字節(jié)流實(shí)現(xiàn)文件上傳的傳遞效率，結(jié)果顯示傳遞三個(gè)文件用時(shí)分別為534ms，453ms和387ms。