Android中post和get的提交方式【三種】
向服務(wù)器提交數(shù)據(jù)有兩種方式,post和get。兩者的區(qū)別主要有三點,安全性、長度限制、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。其中g(shù)et請求安全性相比較而言較差,數(shù)據(jù)長度受瀏覽器地址欄限制,沒有方法體。兩種都是較為重要的數(shù)據(jù)提交方式?,F(xiàn)簡單介紹一下三種post和get的提交方式。無論是哪種方法實現(xiàn)post和get,get 的訪問路徑都要攜帶數(shù)據(jù),而post提交是把數(shù)據(jù)放在方法體中。
普通方法實現(xiàn)get/post提交:
嚴格遵照Http協(xié)議進行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。在安卓開發(fā)環(huán)境下,由于主線程不能進行網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問,因此需要在開啟一個子線程向服務(wù)器提交數(shù)據(jù)。為了更加直觀的觀察數(shù)據(jù),可以在程序屏幕上顯示服務(wù)器反饋信息。又由于子線程無法更改UI界面,因此需要引入Hnndler代理器。實現(xiàn)get/post提交基本步驟就是,獲取URL路徑,根據(jù)路徑得到Http連接,用HttpURLConnection對象設(shè)置相關(guān)的http配置信息、提交方式以及獲取反饋碼。當響應(yīng)碼為200時表示提交成功,可以通過HttpURLConnection以流的形式獲取反饋信息。
普通GRT提交方式:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload?qq=" + qq + "&pwd=" + pwd; new Thread() { public void run() { try { URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setReadTimeout(5000); int code = conn.getResponseCode(); if (code == 200) { InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); String result = StreamTools.ReadStream(is); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = SUCCESS; msg.obj = result; handler.sendMessage(msg); } else { Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR1; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR2; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } }.start(); }
普通POST提交方式:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload"; new Thread() { public void run() { try { URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setReadTimeout(5000); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); String data = "qq="+URLEncoder.encode(qq,"utf-8")+"&pwd=" + URLEncoder.encode(pwd,"utf-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",String.valueOf(data.length())); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.getOutputStream().write(data.getBytes()); int code = conn.getResponseCode(); if (code == 200) { InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); String result = StreamTools.ReadStream(is); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = SUCCESS; msg.obj = result; handler.sendMessage(msg); } else { Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR1; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR2; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } }.start(); }
用httpclien實現(xiàn)get/post提交的只需要一下幾個步驟:
1.創(chuàng)建HttpClient對象,實現(xiàn)打開瀏覽器的功能
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
2.輸入地址或者數(shù)據(jù) ,用到HttpGet()或HttpPost(),傳入要訪問的路徑,得到HttpGet或HttpPost對象。
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);
3.把獲得的HttpGet或HttpPost對象發(fā)送到服務(wù)器,實現(xiàn)敲回車的功能,得到HttpResponse對象。
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
4.得到HttpResponse對象獲取狀態(tài)行中的狀態(tài)碼,判斷狀態(tài)碼狀態(tài)碼。
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
5.同樣用HttpResponse對象獲取相應(yīng)內(nèi)容,存入流對象。最后將得到的流對象轉(zhuǎn)為字符串進行顯示。
InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent();
其中要注意的一點是用post請求時要傳遞值所以要多出一個步驟。具體而言,先創(chuàng)建一個list集合,集合的泛型用NameValuePair表示,類似于鍵值對的形式存儲要傳遞的數(shù)據(jù)。接著向集合中添加要提交數(shù)據(jù)。最后用HttpPost對象把集合存入請求體中。
用HttpClient實現(xiàn)GET提交:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload?qq=" + qq + "&pwd=" + pwd; new Thread() { public void run() { try { HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(path); HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpget); int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (code == 200) { InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent(); String result = StreamTools.ReadStream(is); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = SUCCESS; msg.obj = result; handler.sendMessage(msg); } else { Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR1; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR2; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } }.start(); }
用HttpClient實現(xiàn)POST提交:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload"; new Thread() { public void run() { try { HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path); List<NameValuePair> parameter = new ArrayList(); parameter.add(new BasicNameValuePair("qq", qq)); parameter.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", pwd)); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameter,"utf-8")); HttpResponse response = client.execute(httppost); int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (code == 200) { InputStream is = response.getEntity().getContent(); String result = StreamTools.ReadStream(is); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = SUCCESS; msg.obj = result; handler.sendMessage(msg); } else { Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR1; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = ERROR2; handler.sendMessage(msg); } } }.start(); }
使用開源框架實現(xiàn)get/post提交:
利用框架實現(xiàn)get/post提交不需要再開啟子線程。直接在主線程進行g(shù)et/post的提交,大大的減少了工作量。但操作前需要導包。然后直接創(chuàng)建一個AsyncHttpClient對象,用AsyncHttpClient對象的post方法和get方法,發(fā)送請求,并在AsyncHttpResponseHandler()對象中獲得相應(yīng)信息。同樣若是post請求,仍舊需要傳遞值。這里可以用RequestParams對象添加要傳遞的值。
在文件下添加jar包:
用開源框架實現(xiàn)GET提交:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload?qq=" + qq + "&pwd=" + pwd; AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient(); client.get(path, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() { @Override public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub tv_result.setText(new String(responseBody)); } @Override public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody, Throwable error) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub tv_result.setText("錯誤原因:" + new String(responseBody)); } }); }
用開源框架實現(xiàn)POST請求:
public void load(View view){ final String qq = et_qq.getText().toString().trim(); final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(qq) || TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd)) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "qq號或密碼為空", 0).show(); return; } final String path = "http://192.168.1.114:8080/qqload/qqload"; AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient(); RequestParams params = new RequestParams(); params.add("qq", qq); params.add("pwd", pwd); client.post(path,params,new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() { @Override public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub tv_result.setText(new String(responseBody)); } @Override public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody, Throwable error) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub tv_result.setText(new String(responseBody)); } }); }
通過以上任何一種方式可以實現(xiàn)的功能是,從安卓手機端提交數(shù)據(jù)到服務(wù)器端,服務(wù)器端進行判斷,并返回相應(yīng)的結(jié)果。三種方式各有利弊,實現(xiàn)效果相同,在實際的使用過程中可以根據(jù)本身的需要進行選擇。
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