詳解iOS開發(fā) - 用AFNetworking實現(xiàn)https單向驗證，雙向驗證

更新時間：2016年12月20日 10:44:41 作者：CodingFire

這篇文章主要介紹了詳解iOS開發(fā) - 用AFNetworking實現(xiàn)https單向驗證，雙向驗證,具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下。

自蘋果宣布2017年1月1日開始強制使用https以來，htpps慢慢成為大家討論的對象之一，不是說此前https沒有出現(xiàn)，只是這一決策讓得開發(fā)者始料未及，博主在15年的時候就做過https的接口，深知此坑之深，原因就是自身對這方面知識不了解加上網(wǎng)上的資料少，除此外還有博客不知對錯就互相轉(zhuǎn)載，導致當時網(wǎng)上幾乎找不到能用的代碼，這一點，博主說的毫不夸張。

鑒于此，博主一直想填一下這個坑，多增加一些正確的代碼，來供廣大開發(fā)者使用，后來一直被擱置，經(jīng)過嘗試后，博主現(xiàn)將整理好的代碼發(fā)布在這里，希望能幫到焦急尋找的開發(fā)者。

1.先來說說老的AFNetworking2.x怎么來實現(xiàn)的

博主在網(wǎng)上看過幾篇帖子，其中說的一些方法是正確的，但是卻并不全對，由于那幾篇博客幾乎一樣，博主不能確定最早的那篇是誰寫的，所以就重新在下面說明下方法：

1）倒入client.p12證書；

2）在plist文件做如圖配置：

3）在AFNetworking中修改一個類：

找到這個文件，在里面增加一個方法：

- (OSStatus)extractIdentity:(CFDataRef)inP12Data toIdentity:(SecIdentityRef*)identity { 
  OSStatus securityError = errSecSuccess;
  CFStringRef password = CFSTR("證書密碼"); 
  const void *keys[] = { kSecImportExportPassphrase };
  const void *values[] = { password };
  CFDictionaryRef options = CFDictionaryCreate(NULL, keys, values, 1, NULL, NULL);
  CFArrayRef items = CFArrayCreate(NULL, 0, 0, NULL); 
  securityError = SecPKCS12Import(inP12Data, options, &items);
  if (securityError == 0)   
  {
    CFDictionaryRef ident = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(items,0); 
    const void *tempIdentity = NULL; 
    tempIdentity = CFDictionaryGetValue(ident, kSecImportItemIdentity);
    *identity = (SecIdentityRef)tempIdentity;  
  } 
  if (options) {  
    CFRelease(options);  
  }
  return securityError;
}

再修改一個方法：

用下面的這段代碼替換NSURLConnectionDelegate中的同名代碼，

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection
willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge
{
  NSString *thePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"client" ofType:@"p12"];
  //倒入證書    NSLog(@"thePath===========%@",thePath);
  NSData *PKCS12Data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:thePath];
  CFDataRef inPKCS12Data = (__bridge CFDataRef)PKCS12Data;

  SecIdentityRef identity = NULL;
  // extract the ideneity from the certificate
  [self extractIdentity :inPKCS12Data toIdentity:&identity];

  SecCertificateRef certificate = NULL;
  SecIdentityCopyCertificate (identity, &certificate);

  const void *certs[] = {certificate};
  //            CFArrayRef certArray = CFArrayCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, certs, 1, NULL);
  // create a credential from the certificate and ideneity, then reply to the challenge with the credential
  //NSLog(@"identity=========%@",identity);
  NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithIdentity:identity certificates:nil persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistencePermanent];

  //      credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithIdentity:identity certificates:(__bridge NSArray*)certArray persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistencePermanent];

  [challenge.sender useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];

}

4）發(fā)起請求

 NSString *url = @"xxxxxxxxxx";
  // 1.獲得請求管理者
  AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *mgr = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
  //2設(shè)置https 請求
  AFSecurityPolicy *securityPolicy = [AFSecurityPolicy policyWithPinningMode:AFSSLPinningModeCertificate];
  securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = YES;
  mgr.securityPolicy = securityPolicy;
  // 3.發(fā)送POST請求

  [mgr POST:url parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nonnull operation, id _Nonnull responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"responseObject: %@", responseObject);

  } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation * _Nonnull operation, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

  }];

到此，老版的AFNetworking請求https接口的雙向驗證就做完了，但是有一個問題，這里需要改動AFNetworking的代碼，何況新的AFNetworking已經(jīng)有了，為了保持代碼的活力，老的應該摒棄的，而且更新pods后肯定替換的代碼就沒了，也是一個問題，不要急，下面來說說怎么用新的AFNetworking，并解決被pods更新替換代碼的問題。

最后再說一點，使用老的AF來請求，只用到了client.p12文件，并沒有用到server.cer，在新的里面是有用到的，猜測可能是客戶端選擇信任任何證書導致的，就變成了單向的驗證。

Demo放在最后

2.來說說新的AFNetworking3.x怎么來實現(xiàn)的

1）倒入client.p12和server.cer文件

2）plist內(nèi)的設(shè)置，這是和上面一樣的：

3）這里可不需要修改類里面的代碼，但是這里需要重寫一個方法：

 NSString *url = @"https://test.niuniuhaoguanjia.com/3.0.0/?service=City.GetCityList";

  NSString *certFilePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"server" ofType:@"cer"];
  NSData *certData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:certFilePath];
  NSSet *certSet = [NSSet setWithObject:certData];
  AFSecurityPolicy *policy = [AFSecurityPolicy policyWithPinningMode:AFSSLPinningModeCertificate withPinnedCertificates:certSet];
  policy.allowInvalidCertificates = YES;
  policy.validatesDomainName = NO;

  _manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
  _manager.securityPolicy = policy;
  _manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
  _manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];
  _manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"application/json", @"text/json", @"text/javascript",@"text/plain", nil];
  //關(guān)閉緩存避免干擾測試r
  _manager.requestSerializer.cachePolicy = NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData;
  [_manager setSessionDidBecomeInvalidBlock:^(NSURLSession * _Nonnull session, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
    NSLog(@"setSessionDidBecomeInvalidBlock");
  }];
  //客戶端請求驗證 重寫 setSessionDidReceiveAuthenticationChallengeBlock 方法
  __weak typeof(self)weakSelf = self;
  [_manager setSessionDidReceiveAuthenticationChallengeBlock:^NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition(NSURLSession*session, NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *challenge, NSURLCredential *__autoreleasing*_credential) {
    NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition = NSURLSessionAuthChallengePerformDefaultHandling;
    __autoreleasing NSURLCredential *credential =nil;
    if([challenge.protectionSpace.authenticationMethod isEqualToString:NSURLAuthenticationMethodServerTrust]) {
      if([weakSelf.manager.securityPolicy evaluateServerTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust forDomain:challenge.protectionSpace.host]) {
        credential = [NSURLCredential credentialForTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust];
        if(credential) {
          disposition =NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential;
        } else {
          disposition =NSURLSessionAuthChallengePerformDefaultHandling;
        }
      } else {
        disposition = NSURLSessionAuthChallengeCancelAuthenticationChallenge;
      }
    } else {
      // client authentication
      SecIdentityRef identity = NULL;
      SecTrustRef trust = NULL;
      NSString *p12 = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"client"ofType:@"p12"];
      NSFileManager *fileManager =[NSFileManager defaultManager];

      if(![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:p12])
      {
        NSLog(@"client.p12:not exist");
      }
      else
      {
        NSData *PKCS12Data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:p12];

        if ([[weakSelf class]extractIdentity:&identity andTrust:&trust fromPKCS12Data:PKCS12Data])
        {
          SecCertificateRef certificate = NULL;
          SecIdentityCopyCertificate(identity, &certificate);
          const void*certs[] = {certificate};
          CFArrayRef certArray =CFArrayCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, certs,1,NULL);
          credential =[NSURLCredential credentialWithIdentity:identity certificates:(__bridge NSArray*)certArray persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistencePermanent];
          disposition =NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential;
        }
      }
    }
    *_credential = credential;
    return disposition;
  }];

4）發(fā)起請求

//第三步和這一步代碼是放在一起的，請注意哦
  [_manager GET:url parameters:nil progress:^(NSProgress * _Nonnull downloadProgress) {

  } success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id _Nullable responseObject) {
    NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:responseObject options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil];
    NSLog(@"JSON: %@", dic);
  } failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

    NSData *data = [error.userInfo objectForKey:@"com.alamofire.serialization.response.error.data"];
    NSString *str = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"%@",str);
  }];

另外還要加上一個方法：

+(BOOL)extractIdentity:(SecIdentityRef*)outIdentity andTrust:(SecTrustRef *)outTrust fromPKCS12Data:(NSData *)inPKCS12Data {
  OSStatus securityError = errSecSuccess;
  //client certificate password
  NSDictionary*optionsDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"證書密碼"
                                 forKey:(__bridge id)kSecImportExportPassphrase];

  CFArrayRef items = CFArrayCreate(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
  securityError = SecPKCS12Import((__bridge CFDataRef)inPKCS12Data,(__bridge CFDictionaryRef)optionsDictionary,&items);

  if(securityError == 0) {
    CFDictionaryRef myIdentityAndTrust =CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(items,0);
    const void*tempIdentity =NULL;
    tempIdentity= CFDictionaryGetValue (myIdentityAndTrust,kSecImportItemIdentity);
    *outIdentity = (SecIdentityRef)tempIdentity;
    const void*tempTrust =NULL;
    tempTrust = CFDictionaryGetValue(myIdentityAndTrust,kSecImportItemTrust);
    *outTrust = (SecTrustRef)tempTrust;
  } else {
    NSLog(@"Failedwith error code %d",(int)securityError);
    return NO;
  }
  return YES;
}

沒錯，我們是要封裝一下，可是要怎么封裝呢？博主嘗試了集中都失敗了，真是百思不得解，相信主動去封裝的開發(fā)者也會碰到封裝后請求失敗的問題，也許你成功了，但是這里需要注意一個在block內(nèi)使用變量的問題，具體的可以去看博主怎么封裝的。

到這里，新的AF請求https就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，想看封裝的，Demo放在最后。

3.單向驗證

說到這個，不得不說一下網(wǎng)上的很多方法，都把單向驗證當作雙向的，其實也是并不理解其原理，關(guān)于原理，請看這里
代碼實現(xiàn)AF都是一樣的：

//AF加上這句和下面的方法
  _manager.securityPolicy = [self customSecurityPolicy];



/**** SSL Pinning ****/
- (AFSecurityPolicy*)customSecurityPolicy {
  NSString *cerPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"server" ofType:@"cer"];
  NSData *certData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:cerPath];
  AFSecurityPolicy *securityPolicy = [AFSecurityPolicy policyWithPinningMode:AFSSLPinningModeCertificate];
  [securityPolicy setAllowInvalidCertificates:YES];
  NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithObjects:certData, nil];
  [securityPolicy setPinnedCertificates:@[certData]];
  /**** SSL Pinning ****/
  return securityPolicy;
}

4.Demo下載福利

因為證書安全問題，Demo 里的證書博主刪除了，請見諒，請大家放入自己的證書。

老的AF訪問httpsDemo

新的AF訪問httpsDemo

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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