在CentOS7系統上編譯安裝MySQL 5.7.13步驟詳解
MySQL 5.7主要特性
1、更好的性能
對于多核CPU、固態(tài)硬盤、鎖有著更好的優(yōu)化,每秒100W QPS已不再是MySQL的追求,下個版本能否上200W QPS才是用戶更關心的。
2、更好的InnoDB存儲引擎
3、更為健壯的復制功能
復制帶來了數據完全不丟失的方案,傳統金融客戶也可以選擇使用。此外,GTID在線平滑升級也變得可能。
4、更好的優(yōu)化器
優(yōu)化器代碼重構的意義將在這個版本及以后的版本中帶來巨大的改進,Oracle官方正在解決MySQL之前最大的難題。
5、原生JSON類型的支持
6、更好的地理信息服務支持
InnoDB原生支持地理位置類型,支持GeoJSON,GeoHash特性
7、新增sys庫
以后這會是DBA訪問最頻繁的庫MySQL 5.7已經作為數據庫可選項添加到《OneinStack》
安裝準備
安裝依賴包
[root@snails ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake bison
下載相應源碼包
[root@snails ~]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz [root@snails ~]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz
新建MySQL用戶和用戶組
[root@snails ~]# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
預編譯
[root@snails ~]# tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz [root@snails data]# md5sum mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz 8fab75dbcafcd1374d07796bff88ae00 mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz [root@snails ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz [root@snails data]# mkdir -p /data/mysql [root@snails data]# cd mysql-5.7.13 [root@snails data]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DWITH_BOOST=../boost_1_59_0 \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
編譯安裝
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l` #編譯很消耗系統資源,小內存可能編譯通不過make install [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# make install
設置啟動腳本,開機自啟動
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# ls -lrt /usr/local/mysql [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# systemctl enable mysqld mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig. Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on
配置文件
/etc/my.cnf,僅供參考
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF [client] port = 3306 socket = /dev/shm/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /dev/shm/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid user = mysql bind-address = 0.0.0.0 server-id = 1 init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-server = utf8mb4 #skip-name-resolve #skip-networking back_log = 300 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 6000 open_files_limit = 65535 table_open_cache = 128 max_allowed_packet = 4M binlog_cache_size = 1M max_heap_table_size = 8M tmp_table_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 8M key_buffer_size = 4M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 8M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 log_bin = mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed expire_logs_days = 30 log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log performance_schema = 0 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp #lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-external-locking default_storage_engine = InnoDB #default-storage-engine = MyISAM innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_open_files = 500 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_purge_threads = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 32M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 interactive_timeout = 28800 wait_timeout = 28800 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer = 4M write_buffer = 4M EOF
添加mysql的環(huán)境變量
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# echo -e '\n\nexport PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH\n' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile
初始化數據庫
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
注:
- MySQL之前版本mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下
- MySQL 5.7直接放在了mysql_install_db/bin目錄下。
- "–initialize"已廢棄,生成一個隨機密碼(~/.mysql_secret)
- "–initialize-insecure"不會生成密碼
- "–datadir"目錄下不能有數據文件
啟動數據庫
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# systemctl start mysqld [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# systemctl status mysqld mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld) Active: active (running) since 一 2016-07-18 11:15:35 CST; 8s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 23927 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ├─23940 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid └─24776 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql-err... 7月 18 11:15:32 snails systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL... 7月 18 11:15:35 snails mysqld[23927]: Starting MySQL..[ OK ] 7月 18 11:15:35 snails systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
查看MySQL服務進程和端口
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 23940 1 0 11:15 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid mysql 24776 23940 0 11:15 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql-error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid --socket=/dev/shm/mysql.sock --port=3306 [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# netstat -tunpl | grep 3306 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24776/mysqld
設置數據庫root用戶密碼
MySQL和Oracle數據庫一樣,數據庫也默認自帶了一個 root 用戶(這個和當前Linux主機上的root用戶是完全不搭邊的),我們在設置好MySQL數據庫的安全配置后初始化root用戶的密碼。配制過程中,一路輸入 y 就行了。這里只說明下MySQL5.7.13版本中,用戶密碼策略分成低級 LOW 、中等 MEDIUM 和超強 STRONG 三種,推薦使用中等 MEDIUM 級別!
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# mysql_secure_installation
常用操作
將MySQL數據庫的動態(tài)鏈接庫共享至系統鏈接庫
一般MySQL數據庫還會被類似于PHP等服務調用,所以我們需要將MySQL編譯后的lib庫文件添加至當前Linux主機鏈接庫 /etc/ld.so.conf.d/下,這樣MySQL服務就可以被其它服務調用了。
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# ldconfig |grep mysql [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# ldconfig [root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# ldconfig -v |grep mysql ldconfig: 無法對 /libx32 進行 stat 操作: 沒有那個文件或目錄 ldconfig: 多次給出路徑“/usr/lib” ldconfig: 多次給出路徑“/usr/lib64” ldconfig: 無法對 /usr/libx32 進行 stat 操作: 沒有那個文件或目錄 /usr/lib64/mysql: libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0 /usr/local/mysql/lib: libmysqlclient.so.20 -> libmysqlclient.so.20.3.0
創(chuàng)建其它MySQL數據庫用戶
[root@snails mysql-5.7.13]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.7.13-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql>CREATE DATABASE `tonnydb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | tonnydb | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on tonnydb.* to 'tonny@%' identified by 'Hi.Tonny@888'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> exit
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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