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JavaScript實(shí)現(xiàn)時鐘滴答聲效果

更新時間：2017年01月29日 11:15:57 作者：chy555chy
本文給大家分享一段js實(shí)例代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)時鐘滴答聲效果，效果逼真，非常不錯，具有參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友參考下吧
下面一段代碼給大家分享js實(shí)現(xiàn)時鐘滴答聲功能，具體代碼如下所示：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
 <meta charset="utf8">
 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge, chrome=1">
 <meta name="keywords" content="clock">
 <meta name="description" content="This is a clock">
 <title>Clock</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <audio id="ticktock">
 <source = src="ticktock.mp3" type="audio/mp3">
 </audio>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 /*
 年(y)可以用 1-4 個占位符
 月(M)、日(d)、時(H,24時)、時(h,12時)、分(m)、秒(s)、季度(q) 可以用 1-2 個占位符
 毫秒(S)只能用 1 個占位符(是 1-3 位數(shù)字) 
 AM或PM只能用 1 個占位符(是 2 位英文)
 上午或下午(T)只能用 1 個占位符(是 2 位中文)
 星期(E)可以用 1-3 個占位符
 季度(q)只能用 1 個占位符(是 1 位數(shù)字)
 */
 Date.prototype.format = function(fmt) {
 var map = {
  "M+" : this.getMonth() + 1, //月
  "d+" : this.getDate(), //日
  "H+" : this.getHours(), //24時
  /*
  上午12時只代表當(dāng)天上午的12時,下午的12時代表當(dāng)天下午的12時,
  0時代表第二天的開始,即前面一天12時已過0時開始計算新一天的時間,
  雖然說時間上跟前面那一天下午12時重合,但日期已經(jīng)發(fā)生更改,所以不能說0時就是12時
  */
  "h+" : this.getHours()%12 == 0 ? 12 : this.getHours()%12,//12時
  "m+" : this.getMinutes(), //分
  "s+" : this.getSeconds(), //秒
  "S" : this.getMilliseconds(), //毫秒
  "t" : this.getHours() < 12 ? "AM" : "PM",
  "T" : this.getHours() < 12 ? "上午" : "下午",
 };
 var week = {
  "0" : "日",
  "1" : "一",
  "2" : "二",
  "3" : "三",
  "4" : "四",
  "5" : "五",
  "6" : "六",
 }
 var quarter = {
  "0" : "一",
  "1" : "二",
  "2" : "三",
  "3" : "四",
 }
 if(/(y+)/.test(fmt)) {
  fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (this.getFullYear()+"").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length));
 }
 if(/(E+)/.test(fmt)) {
  var weekPreStr;
  switch(RegExp.$1.length) {
  case 1:
  weekPreStr = "";
  break;
  case 2:
  weekPreStr = "周";
  break;
  default:
  weekPreStr = "星期";
  break;
  }
  fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, weekPreStr + week[this.getDay()]);
 }
 if(/(q)/.test(fmt)) {
  fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, quarter[Math.floor(this.getMonth() / 3)]);
 }
 for(var key in map) {
  if(new RegExp("(" + key + ")").test(fmt)) {
  fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, RegExp.$1.length == 1 ? map[key] : ("00" + map[key]).substr((map[key]+"").length));
  }
 }
 return fmt;
 }
 </script>
 <script>
 var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
 document.body.appendChild(canvas);
 var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
 var halfPI = Math.PI / 2;
 var doublePI = Math.PI * 2;
 //陰影級別
 var shadowBlur = 10;
 //陰影寬度
 var shadowWidth = 8;
 //陰影在X方向上的偏移
 var shadowOffsetX = 5;
 //陰影在Y方向上的便宜
 var shadowOffsetY = 5;
 //深色陰影
 var shadowDarkColor = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";
 //淺色陰影
 var shadowLightColor = "rgba(0,0,0,0.1)";
 //畫布中心到邊緣的內(nèi)切圓半徑
 var canvasRadius = 250;
 canvas.width = canvasRadius * 2;
 canvas.height = canvasRadius * 2;
 //獲取畫布中心的坐標(biāo)
 var cx = canvasRadius;
 var cy = canvasRadius;
 //時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋個數(shù)
 var bezierPatternCount = 36;
 //時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋波峰處半徑
 var bezierPeakRadius = canvasRadius - 10;
 //時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋一半的角度
 var bezierHalfSpan = doublePI / bezierPatternCount / 2;
 //時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋底部半徑
 var bezierRadius = bezierPeakRadius - 20;
 //時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋顏色
 var bezierPatternColor = "Plum";
 //時鐘外圈半徑
 var clockBorderRadius = bezierRadius - 10;
 //時鐘外圈寬度
 var clockBorderWidth = 10;
 //時鐘外圈顏色
 var clockBorderColor = "Aqua";
 //時鐘外圈陰影半徑
 var clockBorderShadowRadius = clockBorderRadius - shadowWidth + 1;
 //時鐘整數(shù)時間刻度線寬
 var clockScaleWidth = 2;
 //時鐘整數(shù)時間刻度外半徑
 var clockScaleOuterRadius = clockBorderRadius - shadowWidth;
 //時鐘整數(shù)時間刻度內(nèi)半徑
 var clockScaleInnerRadius = clockScaleOuterRadius - 20;
 //時鐘刻度顏色
 var clockScaleColor = "Black";
 //時鐘非整數(shù)時間處半徑
 var clockScaleMiddleRadius = clockScaleOuterRadius - 10;
 //時鐘數(shù)字半徑
 var clockNumRadius = clockBorderShadowRadius - 40;
 //時鐘數(shù)字字體
 var clockNumFont = "25px Arial";
 //時鐘數(shù)字顏色
 var clockNumColor = "black";
 //數(shù)字日期距中心的垂直距離
 var digitalDateMarginCenter = 50;
 //數(shù)字日期顏色
 var digitalDateColor = "Black";
 //數(shù)字日期字體
 var digitalDateFont = "bold 18px Arial";
 //數(shù)字時間距中心的垂直距離
 var digitalTimeMarginCenter = 100;
 //數(shù)字時間顏色
 var digitalTimeColor = "white";
 //數(shù)字時間背景顏色
 var digitalTimeBgColor = "DarkSlateBlue";
 //數(shù)字時間字體
 var digitalTimeFont = "bold 25px Arial";
 //數(shù)字時間高度的一半
 var digitalTimeHeight = 40;
 //數(shù)字時間分隔線寬度
 var digitalTimeSpanLineWidth = 2;
 //時鐘中心點(diǎn)內(nèi)圓的半徑
 var clockCenterInnerDotRadius = 7;
 //時鐘中心點(diǎn)內(nèi)圓的顏色
 var clockCenterInnerDotColor = "FireBrick";
 //時鐘中心點(diǎn)外圓的半徑
 var clockCenterOuterDotRadius = 10;
 //時鐘中心點(diǎn)外圓的顏色
 var clockCenterOuterDotColor = "Maroon";
 //時針線寬
 var clockNeedleWidth = 5;
 //時針半徑
 var clockHourNeedleRadius = clockBorderShadowRadius - 120;
 //時針顏色
 var clockHourNeedleColor = "DarkGreen";
 //分針半徑
 var clockMinuteNeedleRadius = clockBorderShadowRadius - 80;
 //分針顏色
 var clockMinuteNeedleColor = "DarkSlateGray";
 //秒針半徑
 var clockSecondNeedleRadius = clockBorderShadowRadius - 40;
 //秒針尾部半徑
 var clockSecondNeedleBottomRadius = -20;
 //秒針顏色
 var clockSecondNeedleColor = "FireBrick";
 //畫圓環(huán)
 function strokeCircle(cx, cy, r) {
 ctx.beginPath();
 ctx.arc(cx, cy, r, 0, doublePI);
 ctx.stroke();
 }
 //畫圓
 function fillCircle(cx, cy, r) {
 ctx.beginPath();
 ctx.arc(cx, cy, r, 0, doublePI);
 ctx.fill();
 }
 //繪制線條
 function strokeLine(x1, y1, x2, y2) {
 ctx.beginPath();
 ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
 ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
 ctx.stroke();
 }
 //根據(jù)角度和半徑計算圓上相應(yīng)位置的坐標(biāo)(最右側(cè)為起始角度,順時針方向?yàn)檎?
 function circlePos(cx, cy, theta, radius) {
 var pos = {
  x: cx + radius * Math.cos(theta),
  y: cy + radius * Math.sin(theta),
 };
 return pos;
 }
 //在圓環(huán)上繪制刻度線
 function strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, theta, r1, r2) {
 var pos1 = circlePos(cx, cy, theta, r1);
 var pos2 = circlePos(cx, cy, theta, r2);
 strokeLine(pos1.x, pos1.y, pos2.x, pos2.y);
 }
 //設(shè)置默認(rèn)陰影
 function setShadow(type) {
 ctx.lineWidth = shadowWidth;
 ctx.shadowBlur = shadowBlur;
 ctx.shadowOffsetX = shadowOffsetX;
 ctx.shadowOffsetY = shadowOffsetY;
 if(type === 1) {
  ctx.shadowColor = shadowLightColor;
 } else {
  ctx.shadowColor = shadowDarkColor;
 }
 }
 //取消陰影
 function clearShadow() {
 ctx.shadowColor = "rgba(0,0,0,0)";
 ctx.shadowBlur = 0;
 ctx.shadowOffsetX = 0;
 ctx.shadowOffsetY = 0;
 }
 //繪制時鐘外圈的貝塞爾花紋
 function renderBezierPattern() {
 ctx.fillStyle = bezierPatternColor;
 ctx.beginPath();
 var theta = 0;
 //由于circlePos是順時針方向正, 故圈也是順時針方向
 var beginPos = circlePos(cx, cy, theta, bezierRadius);
 ctx.moveTo(beginPos.x, beginPos.y);
 while(theta < doublePI) {
  //貝塞爾曲線控制點(diǎn)
  var controlTheta = theta + bezierHalfSpan;
  var controlPos = circlePos(cx, cy, controlTheta, bezierPeakRadius);
  //貝塞爾曲線終止點(diǎn)
  var endTheta = controlTheta + bezierHalfSpan;
  var endPos = circlePos(cx, cy, endTheta, bezierRadius);
  ctx.quadraticCurveTo(controlPos.x, controlPos.y, endPos.x, endPos.y);
  theta = endTheta;
 }
 //繪制圓counterclockwise=false, 即默認(rèn)是順時針方向
 ctx.arc(cx, cy, clockBorderRadius, 0, doublePI, true);
 //注意: 兩個相反方向的路徑內(nèi)部為填充范圍
 ctx.fill();
 }
 //繪制時鐘邊框
 function renderClockBorder() {
 //畫外框
 ctx.strokeStyle = clockBorderColor;
 ctx.lineWidth = clockBorderWidth;
 strokeCircle(cx, cy, clockBorderRadius);
 //畫外框的內(nèi)陰影
 ctx.strokeStyle = shadowLightColor;
 setShadow(1);
 strokeCircle(cx, cy, clockBorderShadowRadius);
 clearShadow();
 }
 //繪制時鐘圓周上的數(shù)字和刻度部分
 function renderClockNums() {
 ctx.textAlign = "center";
 ctx.textBaseline = "middle";
 ctx.font = clockNumFont;
 var span = doublePI / 60;
 for(var i = 1, radian = -halfPI + span; i <= 60; i++, radian += span) {
  if(i % 5 == 0) {
  //繪制刻度
  ctx.strokeStyle = clockScaleColor;
  ctx.lineWidth = clockScaleWidth;
  strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, radian, clockScaleInnerRadius, clockScaleOuterRadius);
  //繪制數(shù)字
  var pos = circlePos(cx, cy, radian, clockNumRadius);
  var num = i / 5;
  ctx.fillStyle = clockNumColor;
  ctx.fillText(num, pos.x, pos.y);
  } else {
  ctx.strokeStyle = clockScaleColor;
  ctx.lineWidth = clockScaleWidth;
  strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, radian, clockScaleMiddleRadius, clockScaleOuterRadius);
  }
 }
 }
 //繪制數(shù)字時鐘
 function renderDigital(date) {
 //繪制日期
 ctx.textAlign = "center";
 ctx.textBaseline = "middle";
 ctx.font = digitalDateFont;
 ctx.fillStyle = digitalDateColor;
 var text = date.format("yyyy年MM月dd日 EEE");
 ctx.fillText(text, cx, cy + digitalDateMarginCenter);
 //繪制時間
 ctx.font = digitalTimeFont;
 text = date.format(" HH mm ss ");
 ctx.fillStyle = digitalTimeBgColor;
 var textWidth = ctx.measureText(text).width;
 var textBgX = cx - textWidth / 2;
 var textBgY = cy + digitalTimeMarginCenter - digitalTimeHeight / 2;
 ctx.fillRect(textBgX, textBgY, textWidth, digitalTimeHeight);
 ctx.fillStyle = digitalTimeColor;
 ctx.fillText(text, cx, cy + digitalTimeMarginCenter);
 //繪制事件中間的分隔線
 ctx.lineWidth = digitalTimeSpanLineWidth;
 ctx.strokeStyle = digitalTimeColor;
 var textSpan = textWidth / 6;
 var leftLineX = cx - textSpan;
 strokeLine(leftLineX, textBgY, leftLineX, textBgY + digitalTimeHeight);
 var rightLineX = cx + textSpan;
 strokeLine(rightLineX, textBgY, rightLineX, textBgY + digitalTimeHeight);
 }
 //繪制時鐘中心最下方紅點(diǎn)
 function renderClockCenterOuterDot() {
 ctx.fillStyle = clockCenterOuterDotColor;
 fillCircle(cx, cy, clockCenterOuterDotRadius);
 }
 //繪制時鐘中心最上方紅點(diǎn)
 function renderClockCenterInnerDot() {
 ctx.fillStyle = clockCenterInnerDotColor;
 fillCircle(cx, cy, clockCenterInnerDotRadius);
 }
 //繪制時鐘指針
 function renderClockNeedle(date) {
 var hourRadian = date.getHours() % 12 / 12 * doublePI - halfPI;
 var minuteRadian = date.getMinutes() / 60 * doublePI - halfPI;
 var secondRadian = date.getSeconds() / 60 * doublePI - halfPI;
 setShadow();
 ctx.lineCap = "round";
 ctx.lineWidth = clockNeedleWidth;
 ctx.strokeStyle = clockHourNeedleColor;
 strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, hourRadian, 0, clockHourNeedleRadius);
 ctx.strokeStyle = clockMinuteNeedleColor;
 strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, minuteRadian, 0, clockMinuteNeedleRadius);
 ctx.strokeStyle = clockSecondNeedleColor;
 strokeCircleLine(cx, cy, secondRadian, clockSecondNeedleBottomRadius, clockSecondNeedleRadius);
 ctx.lineCap = "square";
 clearShadow();
 }
 function render(date) {
 ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
 renderBezierPattern();
 renderClockBorder();
 renderClockNums();
 renderDigital(date);
 renderClockCenterOuterDot();
 renderClockNeedle(date);
 renderClockCenterInnerDot();
 }
 var lastTime = 0;
 var audio = document.getElementById("ticktock");
 function loop() {
 var date = new Date();
 var currentTime = date.getTime();
 if(currentTime - lastTime >= 1000) {
  lastTime = currentTime;
  //注意：這里設(shè)0非常關(guān)鍵，否則雖然會循環(huán)播放，但會從上一次暫停的地方開始播放，造成延遲
  audio.currentTime = 0;
  audio.play();
  render(date);
 }
 requestAnimationFrame(loop);
 }
 loop();
 </script>
 </body>
</html>
這里寫圖片描述