詳解android與服務端交互的兩種方式
做Android開發(fā)的程序員必須知道android客戶端應該如何與服務端進行交互,這里主要介紹的是使用json數(shù)據(jù)進行交互。服務端從數(shù)據(jù)庫查出數(shù)據(jù)并以json字符串的格式或者map集合的格式返回到客戶端,客戶端進行解析并輸出到手機屏幕上。
此處介紹兩種方式:使用Google原生的Gson解析json數(shù)據(jù),使用JSONObject解析json數(shù)據(jù)
一、使用Google原生的Gson解析json數(shù)據(jù):
記得在客戶端添加gson.jar。
核心代碼:
服務端:
package com.mfc.ctrl;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.mfc.dao.TblUserDao;
import com.mfc.entity.TblUser;
/**
* 2017年7月6日06:26:40
* 對用戶操作的控制器類
* */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("tblUserCtrl")
public class TblUserCtrl {
@Resource(name="tblUserDao")
TblUserDao tblUserDao;
//添加用戶
@RequestMapping("addUser")
@ResponseBody
public Object addUser(HttpServletRequest request){
String uname=request.getParameter("uname");
String upass=request.getParameter("upass");
float money=Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("money"));
System.out.println(uname+"==="+upass+"==="+money);
TblUser tblUser=new TblUser();
tblUser.setMoney(money);
tblUser.setUname(uname);
tblUser.setUpass(upass);
tblUserDao.addUser(tblUser);
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("success", "success");
return map;
}
//查看所有用戶
@RequestMapping("getAllUser")
@ResponseBody
public Object getAllUser(){
List<TblUser> list = tblUserDao.selectAllUser();
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("list", list);
return map;
}
//刪除用戶
@RequestMapping("delUser")
@ResponseBody
public Object delUser(HttpServletRequest request){
int uid=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("uid"));
TblUser tblUser=tblUserDao.getUserById(uid);
tblUserDao.delUser(tblUser);
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("success", "success");
return map;
}
//修改用戶
@RequestMapping("updateUser")
@ResponseBody
public Object updateUser(HttpServletRequest request){
int uid=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("uid"));
String uname=request.getParameter("uname");
String upass=request.getParameter("upass");
float money=Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("money"));
TblUser tblUser=new TblUser();
tblUser.setMoney(money);
tblUser.setUid(uid);
tblUser.setUname(uname);
tblUser.setUpass(upass);
tblUserDao.updateUser(tblUser);
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("success", "success");
return map;
}
}
客戶端:
拼接URL的類:
package com.mfc.urlutils;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 2017年7月6日06:42:10
* 一些URL需要使用的公用數(shù)據(jù)及方法
* */
public class SomePublicData {
//公用path
public static final String path="http://192.168.0.111:8080/MyeclipseService/tblUserCtrl/";
//拼接path
public static String fullPath(String pathlast, Map<String, String> map) {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
String realPath = null;
if(map!=null && !map.isEmpty()){
//拼接url的參數(shù)部分
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entrty : map.entrySet()) {
builder.append(entrty.getKey()).append("=");
builder.append(entrty.getValue()).append("&");
}
builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length()-1);
//拼接最后完整的url
realPath = SomePublicData.path+pathlast+"?"+builder;
return realPath;
}
return SomePublicData.path+pathlast;
}
}
訪問服務器的類:
package com.mfc.urlutils;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
/**
* 2017年7月6日06:55:26
* 將客戶端數(shù)據(jù)傳送到服務器,并接受服務器返回的數(shù)據(jù)
* */
public class SendDateToServer {
public static String sendToServer(String path){
StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
try {
HttpClient client=new DefaultHttpClient();
if(path != null && path.length() > 0){
if(client != null){
HttpParams httpParams=client.getParams();
if(httpParams != null){
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, 60000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, 60000);
HttpGet get=new HttpGet(path);
if(get != null){
HttpResponse httpResponse=client.execute(get);
if(httpResponse != null){
HttpEntity entity=httpResponse.getEntity();
if(entity != null){
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));
String line = null;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
builder.append(String.format("%s\n", line));
}
bufferedReader.close();
}
}
}
}
}
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return builder.toString();
}
}
解析json數(shù)據(jù)的類:
package com.mfc.jsonutils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import com.mfc.entity.TblUser;
/**
* 2017年7月6日07:15:32
* 解析json數(shù)據(jù)的類
* */
public class GetJsonToEntity {
//解析單個數(shù)據(jù)
public static TblUser getTblUser(String jsonString){
Gson gson = new Gson();
TblUser tblUser = gson.fromJson(jsonString, TblUser.class);
return tblUser;
}
//解析list集合
public static List<TblUser> getTblUserList(String gsonString) {
List<TblUser> listusers=GsonUtil.parseJsonArrayWithGson(gsonString, TblUser.class);
return listusers;
}
}
/**
* 2017年7月6日15:45:43
* 封裝的json解析工具類,提供泛型參數(shù)
* */
class GsonUtil{
//將json數(shù)據(jù)解析成相應的映射對象
public static <T> T parseJsonWithGson(String jsonData,Class<T> type){
Gson gson=new Gson();
T result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, type);
return result;
}
//將json數(shù)組解析成相應的映射對象列表
public static <T> List<T> parseJsonArrayWithGson(String jsonData,Class<T> type){
List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
try {
Gson gson = new Gson();
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject(jsonData);
String string=jsonObject.getString("list");
JsonArray arry = new JsonParser().parse(string).getAsJsonArray();
for (JsonElement jsonElement : arry) {
result.add(gson.fromJson(jsonElement, type));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
調用這些方法的Activity以及實體類省略。
二、使用JSONObject解析json數(shù)據(jù)
注意:服務端要添加json的jar包。
客戶端解析json數(shù)據(jù)的代碼:
package com.mfc.jsonutils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import com.mfc.entity.Task;
/**
* 2017年6月25日21:34:44
* 解析json的工具類
* 這里面所有方法的key,都是json一層數(shù)據(jù)的鍵,注意傳數(shù)據(jù)時調用本類方法的時候給的key值
* */
public class ParseJson {
//解析單條數(shù)據(jù)
public static Task getTask(String key,String json){
Task task=new Task();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject(json);
JSONObject taskObject=jsonObject.getJSONObject(key);
task.setTid(taskObject.getInt("uid"));
task.setContent(taskObject.getString("content"));
task.setIssuccess(taskObject.getInt("issuccess"));
task.setTasktime(taskObject.getString("tasktime"));
task.setTitle(taskObject.getString("title"));
task.setUid(taskObject.getInt("uid"));
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return task;
}
//解析list集合
public static List<Task> getListTask(String key,String jsonString){
List<Task> list=new ArrayList<Task>();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject(jsonString);
//解析json數(shù)組
JSONArray array=jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for (int i = 0; i < array.length(); i++) {
JSONObject jsonObject2=array.getJSONObject(i);
Task task=new Task();
task.setTid(jsonObject2.getInt("uid"));
task.setContent(jsonObject2.getString("content"));
task.setIssuccess(jsonObject2.getInt("issuccess"));
task.setTasktime(jsonObject2.getString("tasktime"));
task.setTitle(jsonObject2.getString("title"));
task.setUid(jsonObject2.getInt("uid"));
list.add(task);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
/**
* 獲取String數(shù)組數(shù)據(jù)
* @param key
* @param jsonString
* @return
*/
public static List<String> getList(String key,String jsonString){
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for(int i=0;i<jsonArray.length();i++){
String msg = jsonArray.getString(i);
list.add(msg);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
/**
* 獲取對象的Map集合數(shù)據(jù)
* @param key
* @param jsonString
* @return
*/
public static List<Map<String,Object>> getListMap(String key,String jsonString){
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for(int i=0;i<jsonArray.length();i++){
JSONObject jsonObject2 = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
Iterator<String> iterator = jsonObject2.keys();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
String json_key = iterator.next();
Object json_value = jsonObject2.get(json_key);
if(json_value==null){
json_value = "";
}
map.put(json_key, json_value);
}
list.add(map);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
}
客戶端接收服務端的數(shù)據(jù)方法:
package com.mfc.urlutils;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import android.util.Log;
public class HttpUtils {
static String TAG="HttpUtils";
/**
* 從服務器獲取json數(shù)據(jù)
* */
public static String getJsonContent(String path){
String jsonString="";
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setDoInput(true);
int code=connection.getResponseCode();
if(code==200){
InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len=0;
byte[] data=new byte[1024];
while ((len=inputStream.read(data))!=-1) {
outputStream.write(data, 0, len);
}
jsonString=new String(outputStream.toByteArray());
Log.i(TAG, jsonString);
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jsonString;
}
}
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
相關文章
取消Android Studio項目與SVN關聯(lián)的方法
今天小編就為大家分享一篇關于取消Android Studio項目與SVN關聯(lián)的方法,小編覺得內容挺不錯的,現(xiàn)在分享給大家,具有很好的參考價值,需要的朋友一起跟隨小編來看看吧2018-12-12

