C#實現(xiàn)微信結合百度api獲取當前用戶地理位置的方法

更新時間：2017年07月08日 09:01:02 作者：蘭給

這篇文章主要介紹了C#實現(xiàn)微信結合百度api獲取當前用戶地理位置的方法,結合實例形式分析了C#調(diào)用微信與百度API接口的相關操作技巧,需要的朋友可以參考下

本文實例講述了C#實現(xiàn)微信結合百度api獲取當前用戶地理位置的方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

操作步驟：

1. 先根據(jù)微信提供的接口文檔獲取到經(jīng)緯度

參考文檔地址：http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/8/1b86529d05db9f960e48c3c7ca5be288.html

2. 由于直接使用微信獲取到的經(jīng)緯度，來使用百度地圖api獲取地址存在500~1000米的偏差，有時候定位不是很準確，所以需要轉換成百度的坐標

參考文檔地址：http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/changeposition

3. 根據(jù)百度api實現(xiàn)逆地址解析，獲取當前位置

參考文檔地址：http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding

具體實例：

該例子是mvc項目

1. WX_Location.cshtml頁面：

@using System.Web.Optimization;
@{
 Layout = "~/Views/Shared/Master/_App.cshtml";
}
@section Head{
}
<div data-role="page">
 <div data-role="header" id="header" data-position="fixed">
  <h1>微信定位頁面</h1>
 </div>
 <div data-role="content" class="ui-content">
  <form id="add" method="post" onsubmit="return false">
   <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="register_table">
    <tr class='tr_bg neiy'>
<td class='tdl neiy'>定位：</td>
<td class='tdr'><input id='txt_dw' name='dw' type='text' placeholder='正在定位' class='td_input' value='' /></td></tr>
   </table>
   <div data-role="footer" data-position="fixed" data-id="footernav">
    <div data-role="navbar">
     <ul>
      <li><a href="" style=" rel="external nofollow" font-size: 1em;">返回主頁</a></li>
     </ul>
    </div>
   </div>
   @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
  </form>
 </div>
</div>
@section scripts{
  @*微信js-sdk*@
 <script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript">
  //微信jssdk配置
  wx.config({
   debug: false,
   appId: "",
   timestamp: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["timestamp"])",
   nonceStr: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["nonceStr"])",
   signature: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["signature"])",
   jsApiList: [
     'checkJsApi',
     'onMenuShareTimeline',
     'onMenuShareAppMessage',
     'onMenuShareQQ',
     'onMenuShareWeibo',
     'hideMenuItems',
     'showMenuItems',
     'hideAllNonBaseMenuItem',
     'showAllNonBaseMenuItem',
     'translateVoice',
     'startRecord',
     'stopRecord',
     'onRecordEnd',
     'playVoice',
     'pauseVoice',
     'stopVoice',
     'uploadVoice',
     'downloadVoice',
     'chooseImage',
     'previewImage',
     'uploadImage',
     'downloadImage',
     'getNetworkType',
     'openLocation',
     'getLocation',
     'hideOptionMenu',
     'showOptionMenu',
     'closeWindow',
     'scanQRCode',
     'chooseWXPay',
     'openProductSpecificView',
     'addCard',
     'chooseCard',
     'openCard'
   ]
  });
  //wx.error(function (res) {
  // alert("錯誤：" + res);
  //});
  wx.checkJsApi({
   jsApiList: [
     'getLocation',
   ],
   success: function (res) {
    if (res.checkResult.getLocation == false) {
     alert('你的微信版本太低，不支持微信JS接口，請升級到最新的微信版本！');
     return;
    }
   }
  });
  wx.ready(function () {
   wx.getLocation({
    type: 'wgs84', // 默認為wgs84的gps坐標，如果要返回直接給openLocation用的火星坐標，可傳入'gcj02'
    success: function (res) {
     var latitude = res.latitude; // 緯度，浮點數(shù)，范圍為90 ~ -90
     var longitude = res.longitude; // 經(jīng)度，浮點數(shù)，范圍為180 ~ -180。
     var speed = res.speed; // 速度，以米/每秒計
     var accuracy = res.accuracy; // 位置精度
     //alert(latitude + "。" + longitude);
     //獲取到經(jīng)緯度之后，異步去后臺加載出來真實的地理位置
     $.post("/App/Common/GetLocation", { lat: latitude, lon: longitude },
      function (data) {
       //把返回回來的地理位置顯示在頁面的控件里面
       $("#txt_dw").val(data);
      }, 'html');
    },
    cancel: function (res) {
     alert('用戶拒絕授權獲取地理位置');
    }
   });
  });
 </script>
}

2.

/// <summary>
/// 微信定位
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult WX_Location()
{
   #region 獲取定位所需要的參數(shù)
   //jssdk JS接口安全域名填寫，
   //access_token來獲取jsapi_ticket
   string ticket = GetTicket();
   var timeStamp = TenpayUtil.getTimestamp();
   var nonceStr = TenpayUtil.getNoncestr();
   //設置參數(shù)
   RequestHandler paySignReqHandler = new RequestHandler(System.Web.HttpContext.Current);
   //參數(shù)順序。
   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("jsapi_ticket", ticket);
   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("noncestr", nonceStr);
   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("timestamp", timeStamp);
   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("url", Request.Url.AbsoluteUri);//Url#號后不要
   // LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("noncestr:" + nonceStr + "。jsapi_ticked:" + ticket + "。timestamp:" + timeStamp + "。url:"+Request.Url.AbsoluteUri + "。");
   ViewData["signature"] = paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign();
   //LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("signature:" + paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign());
   ViewData["timestamp"] = timeStamp;
   ViewData["nonceStr"] = nonceStr;
   #endregion
   return View();
}

3. 獲取地理位置方法

#region 獲取地理位置
public ActionResult GetLocation(string lat, string lon)
{
   //23.1294。113.3761
   LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(lat + "。" + lon);
   string x = string.Empty, y = string.Empty, strReturn = string.Empty;
   #region 先把微信經(jīng)緯度（23.12536。113.36684 ）轉換成百度坐標
   string apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geoconv/v1/?coords=" + lon + "," + lat + "&from=1&to=5&ak=你的百度地圖api密鑰";
   WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
   request.Method = "POST";
   WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
   Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
   Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;
   StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
   string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
   var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<BaiDuCoordinates>(detail);
   List<bc_result> result = jd.result;
   foreach (var item in result)
   {
    x = item.x;
    y = item.y;
   }
   #endregion
   #region 通過得到的百度坐標進行逆地址解析獲取到真實的地理位置
   apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?ak=8aoCgAGfz0r4MantipNitjI0&callback=renderReverse&location=" + y + "," + x + "&output=json&pois=1";
   #region 通過傳入的參數(shù)得到url請求
   request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
   request.Method = "POST";
   response = request.GetResponse();
   stream = response.GetResponseStream();
   encode = Encoding.UTF8;
   reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
   detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
   //@"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)";//(?is)
   // string results = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)", "$2");
   string results = Regex.Match(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)").Result("$1");
   JsonData jsondta = JsonMapper.ToObject(results);
   JsonData jdItems = jsondta["result"];
   //獲取結構化地址信息
   strReturn = (String)jdItems["formatted_address"];
   LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(strReturn);
   #endregion
   #endregion
   return Content(strReturn);
}
#endregion

涉及到的相關方法以及類：

1. 獲取ticket

#region w微信JS-SDK權限簽名
public string GetTicket()
{
   #region 通過 appid + appsecert 獲取公眾號的 access_token（不是用戶的 access_token）
   string apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + TenpayUtil.appid + "&secret=" + TenpayUtil.appsecret;
   #region 通過傳入的參數(shù)得到url請求
   WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
   request.Method = "POST";
   WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
   Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
   Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;
   StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
   string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
   var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);
   String access_token = (String)jd.access_token;
   Session["access_token"] = access_token;
   #endregion
   #endregion
   #region 獲取ticket
   apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + access_token + "&type=jsapi";
   request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
   response = request.GetResponse();
   stream = response.GetResponseStream();
   encode = Encoding.UTF8;
   reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
   detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
   jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);
   String ticket = jd.ticket;
   Session["ticket"] = ticket;
   #endregion
   return ticket;
}
#endregion

2. TenpayUtil類

/// <summary>
/// TenpayUtil 的摘要說明。
/// 配置文件
/// </summary>
public class TenpayUtil
{
    public static string tenpay = "1";
    //財付通商戶號
    public static string partner = "";/
    //財付通密鑰
    public static string key = "";
    //微信appsecret
    public static string appsecret = "";
    //微信appid
    public static string appid = "";
    //paysignkey(非appkey)
    public static string appkey = "";
    //支付完成后的回調(diào)處理頁面,*替換成notify_url.asp所在路徑
    public static string tenpay_notify = "";
    public TenpayUtil()
    {
    }
    public static string getNoncestr()
    {
      Random random = new Random();
      return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK");
    }
    public static string getTimestamp()
    {
      TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
      return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();
    }
    /** 對字符串進行URL編碼 */
    public static string UrlEncode(string instr, string charset)
    {
      //return instr;
      if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")
        return "";
      else
      {
        string res;
        try
        {
          res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
          res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
        }
        return res;
      }
    }
    /** 對字符串進行URL解碼 */
    public static string UrlDecode(string instr, string charset)
    {
      if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")
        return "";
      else
      {
        string res;
        try
        {
          res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
          res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
        }
        return res;
      }
    }
    /** 取時間戳生成隨即數(shù),替換交易單號中的后10位流水號 */
    public static UInt32 UnixStamp()
    {
      TimeSpan ts = DateTime.Now - TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
      return Convert.ToUInt32(ts.TotalSeconds);
    }
    /** 取隨機數(shù) */
    public static string BuildRandomStr(int length)
    {
      Random rand = new Random();
      int num = rand.Next();
      string str = num.ToString();
      if (str.Length > length)
      {
        str = str.Substring(0, length);
      }
      else if (str.Length < length)
      {
        int n = length - str.Length;
        while (n > 0)
        {
          str.Insert(0, "0");
          n--;
        }
      }
      return str;
    }
}

3. RequestHandler類

/**
'簽名工具類
============================================================================/// <summary>
'api說明：
'init();
'初始化函數(shù)，默認給一些參數(shù)賦值。
'setKey(key_)'設置商戶密鑰
'createMd5Sign(signParams);字典生成Md5簽名
'genPackage(packageParams);獲取package包
'createSHA1Sign(signParams);創(chuàng)建簽名SHA1
'parseXML();輸出xml
'getDebugInfo(),獲取debug信息
*
* ============================================================================
*/
public class RequestHandler
{
    public RequestHandler(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
      parameters = new Hashtable();
      this.httpContext = httpContext;
    }
    /** 密鑰 */
    private string key;
    protected HttpContext httpContext;
    /** 請求的參數(shù) */
    protected Hashtable parameters;
    /** debug信息 */
    private string debugInfo;
    /** 初始化函數(shù) */
    public virtual void init()
    {
    }
    /** 獲取debug信息 */
    public String getDebugInfo()
    {
      return debugInfo;
    }
    /** 獲取密鑰 */
    public String getKey()
    {
      return key;
    }
    /** 設置密鑰 */
    public void setKey(string key)
    {
      this.key = key;
    }
    /** 設置參數(shù)值 */
    public void setParameter(string parameter, string parameterValue)
    {
      if (parameter != null && parameter != "")
      {
        if (parameters.Contains(parameter))
        {
          parameters.Remove(parameter);
        }
        parameters.Add(parameter, parameterValue);
      }
    }
    //獲取package帶參數(shù)的簽名包
    public string getRequestURL()
    {
      this.createSign();
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
      akeys.Sort();
      foreach (string k in akeys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (null != v && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
        {
          sb.Append(k + "=" + TenpayUtil.UrlEncode(v, getCharset()) + "&");
        }
      }
      //去掉最后一個&
      if (sb.Length > 0)
      {
        sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
      }
      return sb.ToString();
    }
    //創(chuàng)建md5摘要,規(guī)則是:按參數(shù)名稱a-z排序,遇到空值的參數(shù)不參加簽名。
    protected virtual void createSign()
    {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
      akeys.Sort();
      foreach (string k in akeys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
          && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
        {
          sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");
        }
      }
      sb.Append("key=" + this.getKey());
      string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();
      this.setParameter("sign", sign);
      //debug信息
      this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + sign);
    }
    //創(chuàng)建package簽名
    public virtual string CreateMd5Sign(string key, string value)
    {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
      akeys.Sort();
      foreach (string k in akeys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
          && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
        {
          sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");
        }
      }
      sb.Append(key + "=" + value);
      string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();
      return sign;
    }
    //創(chuàng)建sha1簽名
    public string createSHA1Sign()
    {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
      akeys.Sort();
      foreach (string k in akeys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
            && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
        {
          if (sb.Length == 0)
          {
            sb.Append(k + "=" + v);
          }
          else
          {
            sb.Append("&" + k + "=" + v);
          }
        }
      }
      string paySign = SHA1Util.getSha1(sb.ToString()).ToString().ToLower();
      //debug信息
      this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + paySign);
      return paySign;
    }
    public string GetBizSign()
    {
      Dictionary<string, string> bizParameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();
      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
      akeys.Sort();
      foreach (string k in akeys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(k))
        {
          bizParameters.Add(k.ToLower(), v);
        }
      }
      if (!bizParameters.Any(p => p.Key.ToLower() == "appkey"))
        bizParameters.Add("appkey", TenpayUtil.appkey);
      string bizString = FormatBizQueryParaMap(bizParameters, false);
      return SHA1Util.Sha1(bizString);
    }
    public string FormatBizQueryParaMap(Dictionary<string, string> paraMap, bool urlencode)
    {
      string buff = "";
      try
      {
        var result = from pair in paraMap orderby pair.Key select pair;
        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in result)
        {
          if (pair.Key != "")
          {
            string key = pair.Key;
            string val = pair.Value;
            if (urlencode)
            {
              val = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(val);
            }
            buff += key.ToLower() + "=" + val + "&";
          }
        }
        if (buff.Length == 0 == false)
        {
          buff = buff.Substring(0, (buff.Length - 1) - (0));
        }
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
        throw e;
        //throw new SDKRuntimeException(e.Message);
      }
      return buff;
    }
    //輸出XML
    public string parseXML()
    {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      sb.Append("<xml>");
      int iIsNumber = 0;
      foreach (string k in parameters.Keys)
      {
        string v = (string)parameters[k];
        if (int.TryParse(v, out iIsNumber))
        {
          sb.Append("<" + k + ">" + v + "</" + k + ">");
        }
        else
        {
          sb.Append("<" + k + "><![CDATA[" + v + "]]></" + k + ">");
        }
      }
      sb.Append("</xml>");
      return sb.ToString();
    }
    /** 設置debug信息 */
    public void setDebugInfo(String debugInfo)
    {
      this.debugInfo = debugInfo;
    }
    public Hashtable getAllParameters()
    {
      return this.parameters;
    }
    protected virtual string getCharset()
    {
      return this.httpContext.Request.ContentEncoding.BodyName;
    }
}

4. 實體

#region 微信sdk
public partial class WX_JSSDK
{
  public string access_token { get; set; }
  public string ticket { get; set; }
}
#endregion
#region 百度坐標轉換
public partial class BaiDuCoordinates
{
  public string status { get; set; }
  public List<bc_result> result { get; set; }
}
public partial class bc_result
{
  public string x { get; set; }
  public string y { get; set; }
}
#endregion

更多關于C#相關內(nèi)容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《C#常見控件用法教程》、《WinForm控件用法總結》、《C#數(shù)據(jù)結構與算法教程》、《C#面向對象程序設計入門教程》及《C#程序設計之線程使用技巧總結》

希望本文所述對大家C#程序設計有所幫助。

您可能感興趣的文章: