Java實現(xiàn)注冊郵箱激活賬戶實例代碼

更新時間：2017年07月25日 09:33:47 作者：阿木俠

本篇文章主要介紹了Java實現(xiàn)郵箱激活賬戶實例代碼，這里整理了詳細(xì)的代碼,具有一定的參考價值，有需要的小伙伴可以參考下。

在網(wǎng)站注冊時一般都會要驗證注冊用戶身份的合法性，通常的做法是提供手機(jī)號驗證或者郵箱驗證。

手機(jī)驗證：填寫手機(jī)號碼，點擊發(fā)送驗證碼，接收后填寫驗證碼比對，無誤后注冊成功。

郵箱驗證：注冊時填寫郵箱賬號，點擊注冊，網(wǎng)站郵箱會給該郵箱發(fā)送一封激活郵件，用戶點擊后激活該賬號。

這里通過實例來介紹一下郵箱驗證的實現(xiàn)過程，例子可以運(yùn)行，暫時沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么問題，不過也可能有不安全的地方，歡迎大家指正。

實現(xiàn)思路

注冊時填寫郵箱，點擊注冊時網(wǎng)站系統(tǒng)郵箱發(fā)送激活驗證鏈接到此郵箱，用戶來激活賬戶

點擊注冊，系統(tǒng)郵箱會發(fā)送一封激活郵件到你填寫的郵箱賬號中

在沒有進(jìn)行激活操作前，設(shè)定某個字段狀態(tài)是0，表示此賬號未激活，不可以使用或者某些功能受限

激活操作之后，將activated字段更新為1，這樣就完成了激活操作

那么這里還有一個codeUrl字段，他的作用是存入一個唯一標(biāo)識的隨機(jī)碼，這個隨機(jī)碼由用戶名和UUID唯一標(biāo)識的隨機(jī)數(shù)組成，這樣做的目的是防止用戶使用不存在的郵箱又修改鏈接中的參數(shù)來激活賬戶，將鏈接中的隨機(jī)碼和數(shù)據(jù)庫中的比對，來達(dá)到相對安全的激活。

下面是具體的代碼

首先是注冊的servlet，這里主要測試激活賬號的功能，注冊代碼有點low，不安全，將就看一下

package org.amuxia.emailtest.servlet; 
 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.sql.ResultSet; 
import java.sql.SQLException; 
import java.util.UUID; 
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.pojo.User; 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.utils.EmailUtils; 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.utils.MyJDBC; 
 
/** 
 * @author amuxia 
 * 2017年7月24日 
 */ 
@WebServlet("/RegistServlet") 
public class RegistServlet extends HttpServlet { 
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
 
 protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
  String username = request.getParameter("username"); 
  String password = request.getParameter("password"); 
  String email = request.getParameter("email"); 
  String codeUrl = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); 
  User user = new User(); 
  user.setUsername(username); 
  user.setPassword(password); 
  user.setEmail(email); 
  user.setActivated(false); //剛注冊默認(rèn)是沒有激活狀態(tài) 
  String SQL = "insert into tb_user(username,password,email,activated,codeUrl) value (?,?,?,?,?) "; 
  MyJDBC.insert(SQL, false, username,password,email,0,codeUrl);//注冊信息插入數(shù)據(jù)庫 
  String querySQL = "select * from tb_user where email=?"; 
  ResultSet rs = MyJDBC.query(querySQL, email); 
  try { 
   if(rs.next()){ 
    user.setId(rs.getInt(1)); 
   } 
  } catch (SQLException e) { 
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
   e.printStackTrace(); 
  } 
   
  // 注冊成功后,發(fā)送帳戶激活鏈接 
  request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user); 
  EmailUtils.sendAccountActivateEmail(user); 
  request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/success.jsp").forward(request,response); 
 } 
 
}

激活賬號的Servlet，也就是更新操作

package org.amuxia.emailtest.servlet; 
 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.sql.ResultSet; 
import java.sql.SQLException; 
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.pojo.User; 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.utils.GenerateLinkUtils; 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.utils.MyJDBC; 
 
/** 
 * @author amuxia 
 * 2017年7月24日 
 */ 
@WebServlet("/ActivateServlet") 
public class ActivateServlet extends HttpServlet{ 
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
@Override 
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
  throws ServletException, IOException { 
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
 String idValue = request.getParameter("id"); 
 System.out.println(idValue); 
 int id = -1; 
 try { 
  id = Integer.parseInt(idValue); 
 } catch (NumberFormatException e) { 
  e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 String SQL = "select * from tb_user where id=?"; 
 ResultSet rs= MyJDBC.query(SQL, id); 
 User user = new User(); 
 try { 
  if(rs.next()){ 
   user.setId(rs.getInt(1)); 
   user.setUsername(rs.getString(2)); 
   user.setPassword(rs.getString(3)); 
   user.setEmail(rs.getString(4)); 
   user.setActivated(rs.getBoolean(5)); 
   user.setCodeUrl(rs.getString(6)); 
  } 
 } catch (SQLException e) { 
  // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
  e.printStackTrace(); 
 } 
 //驗證無誤，狀態(tài)更改為1，即激活 
 if(GenerateLinkUtils.verifyCheckcode(user, request)){ 
  String updSQL = "update tb_user set activated =1 where id=?"; 
  MyJDBC.execute(updSQL, id); 
  user.setActivated(true); 
  request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user); 
  request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/pass.jsp").forward(request, response); 
 } 
 } 
}

發(fā)送Email的工具類

package org.amuxia.emailtest.utils; 
 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.Properties; 
 
import javax.mail.Authenticator; 
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType; 
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication; 
import javax.mail.Session; 
import javax.mail.Transport; 
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.pojo.User; 
 
/** 
 * @author amuxia 
 * 2017年7月24日 
 */ 
public class EmailUtils { 
  
 private static final String FROM = "要發(fā)送郵件的郵箱，這個例子是163郵箱"; 
 
 public static void sendAccountActivateEmail(User user) { 
  Session session = getSession(); 
  MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 
  try { 
   message.setSubject("這是一封激活賬號的郵件，復(fù)制鏈接到地址欄來激活他"); 
   message.setSentDate(new Date()); 
   message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM)); 
   message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail())); 
   message.setContent("<a target='_BLANK' href=''>"+GenerateLinkUtils.generateActivateLink(user)+"</a>","text/html;charset=utf-8"); 
   Transport.send(message); 
  } catch (Exception e) { 
   e.printStackTrace(); 
  } 
 } 
 
  
 public static Session getSession() { 
  Properties props = new Properties(); 
  props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); 
  props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com"); 
  props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "25"); 
  props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); 
  Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() { 
   @Override 
   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
    return new PasswordAuthentication(FROM, "上面郵箱的密碼"); 
   } 
    
  }); 
  return session; 
 } 
}

這里需要注意一下，以上例子配置的是163郵箱，需要進(jìn)行郵箱客戶端的授權(quán)，授權(quán)之后，網(wǎng)易郵箱會發(fā)來一份客戶端授權(quán)碼作為替代郵箱密碼，代碼里填寫的密碼其實是授權(quán)碼，配置好郵箱最好發(fā)一份郵件測試一下，有時程序出問題很可能是郵箱客戶端根本發(fā)不了郵件

加密賬戶激活鏈接生成的工具類

package org.amuxia.emailtest.utils; 
 
import java.security.MessageDigest; 
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; 
 
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 
 
import org.amuxia.emailtest.pojo.User; 
 
/** 
 * @author amuxia 
 * 2017年7月24日 
 */ 
public class GenerateLinkUtils { 
  
 private static final String CHECK_CODE = "checkCode"; 
  
 public static String generateActivateLink(User user) { 
  return "http://localhost/EmailDemo/ActivateServlet?id=" 
    + user.getId() + "&" + CHECK_CODE + "=" + generateCheckcode(user); 
 } 
  
  
 /** 
  * 生成校驗碼，用戶名+UUID唯一標(biāo)識符，為安全把他們加密發(fā)送 
  * @param user 
  * @return 
  */ 
 public static String generateCheckcode(User user) { 
  String userName = user.getUsername(); 
  String randomCode = user.getCodeUrl(); 
  return md5(userName + ":" + randomCode); 
 } 
 
  
 /** 
  * 接收回來的校驗碼和發(fā)送出去的是不是同一份 
  * @param user 
  * @param request 
  * @return 
  */ 
 public static boolean verifyCheckcode(User user,ServletRequest request) { 
  String checkCode = request.getParameter(CHECK_CODE); 
  System.out.println(generateCheckcode(user).equals(checkCode)); 
  return true; 
 } 
 
 private static String md5(String string) { 
  MessageDigest md = null; 
  try { 
   md = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5"); 
   md.update(string.getBytes()); 
   byte[] md5Bytes = md.digest(); 
   return bytes2Hex(md5Bytes); 
  } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { 
   e.printStackTrace(); 
   System.out.println("md5這里出錯了"); 
  } 
   
  return null; 
 } 
  
 private static String bytes2Hex(byte[] byteArray) 
 { 
  StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer(); 
  for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) 
  { 
   if(byteArray[i] >= 0 && byteArray[i] < 16) 
   { 
    strBuf.append("0"); 
   } 
   strBuf.append(Integer.toHexString(byteArray[i] & 0xFF)); 
  } 
  return strBuf.toString(); 
 } 
 
}

還有一個操作數(shù)據(jù)庫的封裝類，MyJDBC，前面博客有寫，代碼挺長，就不貼了，這是鏈接：

http://www.dbjr.com.cn/article/70107.htm

http://www.dbjr.com.cn/article/88647.htm

實體類User

package org.amuxia.emailtest.pojo; 
 
public class User { 
 private int id; 
 private String username; 
 private String password; 
 private String email; 
 private boolean activated;//賬號狀態(tài) 
 private String codeUrl;//激活鏈接中的隨機(jī)碼 
  
 public int getId() { 
  return id; 
 } 
 public void setId(int id) { 
  this.id = id; 
 } 
 public String getUsername() { 
  return username; 
 } 
 public void setUsername(String username) { 
  this.username = username; 
 } 
 public String getPassword() { 
  return password; 
 } 
 public void setPassword(String password) { 
  this.password = password; 
 } 
 public String getEmail() { 
  return email; 
 } 
 public void setEmail(String email) { 
  this.email = email; 
 } 
 
 public boolean isActivated() { 
  return activated; 
 } 
 public void setActivated(boolean activated) { 
  this.activated = activated; 
 } 
 public String getCodeUrl() { 
  return codeUrl; 
 } 
 public void setCodeUrl(String codeUrl) { 
  this.codeUrl = codeUrl; 
 } 
 public User() { 
  super(); 
   
 } 
  
}

注冊的jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
 
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 
<html> 
<head> 
 
<title>注冊</title> 
</head> 
 
<body> 
 <form action="/EmailDemo/RegistServlet" method="post"> 
  用戶名:<input type="text" name="username"><br/> 
  密碼:<input type="password" name="password"><br/> 
  郵箱:<input type="text" name="email"><br/> 
  <input type="submit" value="注冊"> 
 </form> 
</body> 
</html>

用到的包？