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詳解spring batch的使用和定時器Quart的使用

 更新時間：2017年08月07日 08:29:41   作者：沉默的迷茫  
spring Batch是一個基于Spring的企業(yè)級批處理框架，它通過配合定時器Quartz來輕易實現(xiàn)大批量的數(shù)據(jù)讀取或插入，并且全程自動化，無需人員管理

spring Batch是一個基于Spring的企業(yè)級批處理框架，它通過配合定時器Quartz來輕易實現(xiàn)大批量的數(shù)據(jù)讀取或插入，并且全程自動化，無需人員管理。

在使用spring batch之前，得對spring batch的流程有一個基本了解

每個batch它都包含了一個job，而一個job中卻有可能包含多個step，整個batch中干活的是step，batch主要是用來對數(shù)據(jù)的操作，所以step就有三個操作數(shù)據(jù)的東西，一個是ItemReader用來讀取數(shù)據(jù)的，一個是ItemProcessor用來處理數(shù)據(jù)的，一個是ItemWriter用來寫數(shù)據(jù)（可以是文件也可以是插入sql語句），JobLauncher用來啟動Job，JobRepository是上述處理提供的一種持久化機制，它為JobLauncher，Job，和Step實例提供CRUD操作。

pom.xml  三個batch的jar包

<dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-batch-core</artifactId> 
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency> 
     
    <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-batch-infrastructure</artifactId> 
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> 
<dependency> 
     
     <dependency> 
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
     <artifactId>spring-batch-test</artifactId> 
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> 
    </dependency>

batch.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
  xmlns:batch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch/spring-batch-2.1.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd 
  "> 
 
 
  <bean id="jobLauncher" 
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher"> 
    <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" /> 
  </bean> 
 
  <bean id="jobRepository" 
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean"> 
    <property name="validateTransactionState" value="false" /> 
 
  </bean> 
<!--一個job--> 
    <batch:job id="writerteacherInterview"> 
        <batch:step id="teacherInterview"> 
          <batch:tasklet> 
            <batch:chunk reader="jdbcItemReaderTeacherInterview" writer="teacherInterviewItemWriter" 
              processor="teacherInterviewProcessor" commit-interval="10"> 
            </batch:chunk> 
          </batch:tasklet> 
        </batch:step> 
      </batch:job> 
 
 
 
 
 
  <!--job的讀取數(shù)據(jù)操作--> 
  <bean id="jdbcItemReaderTeacherInterview" 
    class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcCursorItemReader" 
    scope="step"> 
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
    <property name="sql" 
      value="select distinct teacherName ,count(teacherName) as num from examininterviewrecord  where pdate >'${detail_startime}' and pdate < '${detail_endtime}' GROUP BY teacherName " /> 
    <property name="rowMapper" ref="teacherInterviewMapper"> 
    </property> 
  </bean> 
 
 
</beans>

讀取數(shù)據(jù)    teacherInterviewMapper

package com.yc.batch; 
 
import java.sql.ResultSet; 
import java.sql.SQLException; 
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail; 
@Component("teacherInterviewMapper")  
public class TeacherInterviewMapper implements RowMapper {  
  @Override 
  public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {  
     
    TeacherInterviewdetail TId=new TeacherInterviewdetail(); 
    TId.setTeacherName(rs.getString("teacherName")); 
     TId.setNum(rs.getInt("num")); 
    return TId;  
  } 
}

處理數(shù)據(jù)  teacherInterviewProcessor ，這個處理數(shù)據(jù)方法，一般都是在這里在這里進行一些數(shù)據(jù)的加工，比如有些數(shù)據(jù)沒有讀到，你也可以在這個方法和后面那個寫入數(shù)據(jù)的類里面寫，所以就導(dǎo)致了這個類里面你可以什么都不敢，直接把數(shù)據(jù)拋到后面去，讓后面的寫數(shù)據(jù)類來處理；我這里就是處理數(shù)據(jù)的這個類什么都沒寫，但是最好還是按它的規(guī)則來！

package com.yc.batch; 
 
import org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.SynchronizationRegistryBasedSynchronizationStrategy; 
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemProcessor; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 
 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail; 
 
 
//業(yè)務(wù)層 
@Component("teacherInterviewProcessor") 
public class TeacherInterviewProcessor implements ItemProcessor<TeacherInterviewdetail, TeacherInterviewdetail> { 
 
  @Override 
  public TeacherInterviewdetail process(TeacherInterviewdetail teacherInterviewdetail) throws Exception { 
      
    return teacherInterviewdetail; 
  } 
}

寫數(shù)據(jù) teacherInterviewItemWriter 這個類里面主要是把數(shù)據(jù)寫進一個文件里，同時我這個類里面還有一些數(shù)據(jù)處理

package com.yc.batch; 
 
import java.io.InputStream; 
 
import java.text.NumberFormat; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Properties; 
import javax.annotation.Resource; 
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemWriter; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 
import com.yc.biz.ExamineeClassBiz; 
import com.yc.biz.WorkBiz; 
import com.yc.utils.CsvUtils; 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail; 
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail; 
import net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil; 
//寫 
@Component("teacherInterviewItemWriter") 
public class TeacherInterviewItemWriter implements ItemWriter<TeacherInterviewdetail>{ 
 
  @Override 
  public void write(List<? extends TeacherInterviewdetail> teacherInterviewdetails) throws Exception { 
    Properties props = new Properties(); 
    InputStream in= PropertyUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("connectionConfig.properties"); 
    props.load(in); 
    String time=props.getProperty("detail_time"); 
    CsvUtils cu=new CsvUtils(); 
     List<Object> works=new ArrayList<Object>(); 
     for(TeacherInterviewdetail t:teacherInterviewdetails){ 
       works.add(t); 
     } 
      
    String path=this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath(); 
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/")); 
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/")); 
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/")); 
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/")); 
    cu.writeCsv(path+"/csv/teacherInterview_"+time+".csv",works );  
  }  
}

我這里有用到一個吧數(shù)據(jù)寫進CSV文件的jar包

<dependency> 
     <groupId>net.sourceforge.javacsv</groupId> 
     <artifactId>javacsv</artifactId> 
     <version>2.0</version> 
    </dependency>

CsvUtils幫助類的寫入CSV文件方法

/** 
   * 寫入CSV文件 
   * @throws IOException 
   */  
  public void writeCsv(String path,List<Object> t) throws IOException{  
    String csvFilePath = path; 
    String filepath=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/")); 
    File f=new File(filepath); 
    if(!f.exists()){ 
      f.mkdirs(); 
    } 
    File file=new File(path); 
    if(!file.exists()){ 
      file.createNewFile(); 
    } 
    CsvWriter wr =new CsvWriter(csvFilePath,',',Charset.forName("GBK")); 
    try {  
      for(Object obj:t){ 
        String[] contents=obj.toString().split(","); 
        wr.writeRecord(contents);  
      } 
      wr.close();  
    } catch (IOException e) {  
      e.printStackTrace();  
    }  
  }

就這樣一個基本的batch流程就跑起來了，它通過從數(shù)據(jù)里讀取一些數(shù)據(jù)，然后經(jīng)過處理后，被存進服務(wù)器下的一個文件里面，之后像這種數(shù)據(jù)的讀取就不需要去數(shù)據(jù)庫里面查詢了，而是可以直接通過讀取CSV文件來處理這個業(yè)務(wù)。一般使用這個的都會配一個定時器，讓它們每隔一段時間跑一次，從而獲得較新的數(shù)據(jù)

下面是定時器的配置

定時器的配置非常簡單，我是使用注解方式來配置的

定時器任務(wù)類

package com.yc.task.impl; 
import javax.transaction.Transactional; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException; 
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemProcessor; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 
 
import com.yc.batch.ClassBatch; 
import com.yc.batch.MessageItemBatch; 
import com.yc.batch.TeacherInterviewBatch; 
import com.yc.batch.TearcherBatch; 
import com.yc.po.Work; 
import com.yc.task.WorkTask; 
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail; 
@Service 
public class WorkTaskImpl implements WorkTask{ 
 
  @Autowired 
  private TeacherInterviewBatch teacherInterviewBatch;//教師訪談記錄 
  public void setTeacherInterviewBatch(TeacherInterviewBatch teacherInterviewBatch) { 
    this.teacherInterviewBatch = teacherInterviewBatch; 
  } 
   
  @Scheduled(cron= "0 30 22 * * ?")  //每天晚上十點30執(zhí)行一次 這個注解會讓框架會自動把這個方法看成任務(wù)啟動方法  
  @Override 
  public void task() { 
    try { 
      teacherInterviewBatch.test();//教師訪談 
    } catch (Exception e) { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
     
  } 
 
}

定時器所真正要執(zhí)行的方法

package com.yc.batch; 
 
import javax.annotation.Resource; 
import org.apache.commons.jexl2.Main; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.Job; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameters; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersBuilder; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException; 
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
@Component 
public class TeacherInterviewBatch { 
 
  private Job job; 
  private JobLauncher launcher; 
 
  @Resource(name="writerteacherInterview") 
  public void setJob(Job job) { 
    this.job = job; 
  } 
 
  @Autowired  
  public void setLauncher(JobLauncher launcher) { 
    this.launcher = launcher; 
  }

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