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打造通用的勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)框架(實(shí)例講解)

 更新時(shí)間:2017年10月17日 08:50:47   作者:ghostwu  
下面小編就為大家?guī)?lái)一篇打造通用的勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)框架(實(shí)例講解)。小編覺(jué)得挺不錯(cuò)的,現(xiàn)在就分享給大家,也給大家做個(gè)參考。一起跟隨小編過(guò)來(lái)看看吧

本文,是接著上 基于勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)的實(shí)例講解(側(cè)邊欄,淡入淡出) 繼續(xù)的,在這篇文章的最后,我們做了2個(gè)小實(shí)例:側(cè)邊欄與改變透明度的淡入淡出效果,本文我們把上文的animate函數(shù),繼續(xù)改造,讓他變得更加的通用和強(qiáng)大:

1,支持多個(gè)物體的運(yùn)動(dòng)

2,同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)

3,順序運(yùn)動(dòng)

這三種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式也是jquery中animate函數(shù)支持的

一、animate函數(shù)中怎么區(qū)分變化不同的樣式?

上文中,側(cè)邊欄效果 用的animate函數(shù) 改變的是left值

function animate(obj, target, speed) {
 clearInterval(timer);
 timer = setInterval(function () {
 if (obj.offsetLeft == target) {
  clearInterval(timer);
 } else {
  obj.style.left = obj.offsetLeft + speed + 'px';
 }
 }, 30);
}

淡入淡出效果 用的animate函數(shù) 改變的是透明度

function animate(obj, target, speed) {
  clearInterval(timer);
  var cur = 0;
  timer = setInterval(function () {
   cur = css( obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   if( cur == target ){
   clearInterval( timer );
   }else {
   cur += speed;
   obj.style.opacity = cur / 100;
   obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + cur + ")";
   }
  }, 30);
  }

而我們封裝的函數(shù),要變成通用的,首先面臨的問(wèn)題就是 這個(gè)函數(shù)要同時(shí)支持left值和透明度的變化,更通用的做法應(yīng)該是要支持所有的樣式變化,比如輪播功能,他有左右滑動(dòng),也有上下滑動(dòng)。

我們可以在獲取樣式和改變樣式的時(shí)候,做一下判斷就可以了,判斷分2類就能達(dá)到目的,因?yàn)槠渌麡邮? margin, left, top, right, font-size等等 )都是px,而透明度沒(méi)有px單位

function animate(obj, attr, target, speed) {
 clearInterval(timer);
 var cur = 0;
 timer = setInterval(function () {
 if (attr == 'opacity') {
  cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
 } else {
  cur = parseInt(css(obj, attr));
 }

 if (cur == target) {
  clearInterval(timer);
 } else {
  if (attr == 'opacity') {
  obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
  obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
  } else {
  obj.style[attr] = cur + speed + "px";
  }
 }
 }, 30);
}

合并之后的animate相比之前多了一個(gè)參數(shù)attr, 這個(gè)參數(shù)就是變化的樣式,obj: 變化的對(duì)象, target: 樣式需要變化到的目標(biāo)值. speed: 樣式每次變化的大小

如:

oImg.onmouseover = function () {
  animate(this, 'opacity', 100, 10);
}

oImg是獲取到的圖片對(duì)象. 這里各參數(shù)意思如下:

this:當(dāng)前圖片對(duì)象

opacity: 變化的樣式是透明度

100: 鼠標(biāo)移到圖片上時(shí),透明度變成100

10: 透明度每次在原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)上加10

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>合并的運(yùn)動(dòng) - by ghostwu</title>
 <style>
 img {
  border: none;
  opacity: 0.3;
  filter: alpha(opacity:30);
  position: absolute;
  left: 200px;
 }

 #box {
  width: 150px;
  height: 300px;
  background: red;
  position: absolute;
  left: -150px;
  top: 50px;
 }

 #box div {
  width: 28px;
  height: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  right: -28px;
  top: 100px;
  background: green;
 }
 </style>
 <script>
 window.onload = function () {
  var oImg = document.getElementById("img"),
  oBox = document.getElementById("box"),
  timer = null;

  oImg.onmouseover = function () {
  animate(this, 'opacity', 100, 10);
  }
  oImg.onmouseout = function () {
  animate(this, 'opacity', 30, -10);
  }

  oBox.onmouseover = function () {
  animate(this, 'left', 0, 10);
  }

  oBox.onmouseout = function () {
  animate(this, 'left', -150, -10);
  }

  function animate(obj, attr, target, speed) {
  clearInterval(timer);
  var cur = 0;
  timer = setInterval(function () {
   if (attr == 'opacity') {
   cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   } else {
   cur = parseInt(css(obj, attr));
   }

   if (cur == target) {
   clearInterval(timer);
   } else {
   if (attr == 'opacity') {
    obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
    obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
   } else {
    obj.style[attr] = cur + speed + "px";
   }
   }
  }, 30);
  }

  function css(obj, attr) {
  if (obj.currentStyle) {
   return obj.currentStyle[attr];
  } else {
   return getComputedStyle(obj, false)[attr];
  }
  }
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
 <div>分享到</div>
</div>
<img src="./img/h4.jpg" alt="" id="img"/>
</body>
</html>

上述就是完整的代碼實(shí)例。

當(dāng)你分別測(cè)試這兩個(gè)功能的時(shí)候:

移動(dòng)到圖片上然后移出來(lái)

移動(dòng)到分享到,然后移出來(lái)

這樣是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的

如果你這樣測(cè)試:

移動(dòng)到 分享到,然后迅速又移動(dòng)到圖片上, 這個(gè)時(shí)候你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) 分享到 停下來(lái)了,這就不符合邏輯了! 按道理來(lái)說(shuō),鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)到圖片上,相當(dāng)于觸發(fā)了 “分享到” 的mouseout( 鼠標(biāo)移出事件 ),那么 "分享到" 這個(gè)時(shí)候要隱藏,并不是停止。 為什么會(huì)這樣呢?因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)共享了一個(gè)定時(shí)器,當(dāng)鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)到圖片上,開啟定時(shí)器的時(shí)候,把“分享到”的定時(shí)器給停了。那么再做多物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候,我們就要把定時(shí)器拆分,每個(gè)對(duì)象都要有一個(gè)定時(shí)器,怎么做呢? 非常簡(jiǎn)單,不要定義一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的timer變量,我們只要把timer加在obj對(duì)象上,那么每個(gè)對(duì)象都有一個(gè)timer屬性,就達(dá)到定時(shí)器的分離效果了

修改之后的完整代碼如下,請(qǐng)自行展開:

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Document</title>
 <style>
 img {
  border: none;
  opacity: 0.3;
  filter: alpha(opacity:30);
  position: absolute;
  left: 200px;
 }

 #box {
  width: 150px;
  height: 300px;
  background: red;
  position: absolute;
  left: -150px;
  top: 50px;
 }

 #box div {
  width: 28px;
  height: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  right: -28px;
  top: 100px;
  background: green;
 }
 </style>
 <script>
 window.onload = function () {
  var oImg = document.getElementById("img"),
  oBox = document.getElementById("box");

  oImg.onmouseover = function () {
  animate(this, 'opacity', 100, 10);
  }
  oImg.onmouseout = function () {
  animate(this, 'opacity', 30, -10);
  }

  oBox.onmouseover = function () {
  animate(this, 'left', 0, 10);
  }

  oBox.onmouseout = function () {
  animate(this, 'left', -150, -10);
  }

  function animate(obj, attr, target, speed) {
  clearInterval(obj.timer);
  var cur = 0;
  obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
   if (attr == 'opacity') {
   cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   } else {
   cur = parseInt(css(obj, attr));
   }

   if (cur == target) {
   clearInterval(obj.timer);
   } else {
   if (attr == 'opacity') {
    obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
    obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
   } else {
    obj.style[attr] = cur + speed + "px";
   }
   }
  }, 30);
  }

  function css(obj, attr) {
  if (obj.currentStyle) {
   return obj.currentStyle[attr];
  } else {
   return getComputedStyle(obj, false)[attr];
  }
  }
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
 <div>分享到</div>
</div>
<img src="./img/h4.jpg" alt="" id="img"/>
</body>
</html>

至此,我們就完成了多物體運(yùn)動(dòng)與不同樣式的修改

二、讓animate函數(shù)支持多個(gè)樣式同時(shí)改變

比如:

oBox.onmouseover = function(){
  animate( this, { "width" : 500, "height" : 400 }, 10 );
}

oBox是一個(gè)div元素,animate各參數(shù)的意思:

this: 當(dāng)前div元素

{width : 500, "height" : 400 } : 把寬度變成500, 高度變成400,這兩個(gè)樣式要在同一時(shí)間完成,

10: 樣式每次在原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)上變化10(如width初始值200--> 210, 220, 230.....)

完整的同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)變化 代碼:

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Document</title>
 <style>
 div {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 background: red;
 }
 </style>
 <script>
 window.onload = function () {
  var oBox = document.getElementById("box");
  oBox.onmouseover = function(){
//  animate( this, { "width" : 500, "height" : 500 }, 10 );
  animate( this, { "width" : 500, "height" : 400 }, 10 );
  }

  function animate(obj, attr, speed) {
  clearInterval(obj.timer);
  var cur = 0;
  obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
   for ( var key in attr ) {
   if (key == 'opacity') {
    cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   } else {
    cur = parseInt(css(obj, key));
   }
   var target = attr[key];
   if (cur == target) {
    clearInterval(obj.timer);
   } else {
    if (key == 'opacity') {
    obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
    obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
    } else {
    obj.style[key] = cur + speed + "px";
    }
   }
   }
  }, 30);
  }

  function css(obj, attr) {
  if (obj.currentStyle) {
   return obj.currentStyle[attr];
  } else {
   return getComputedStyle(obj, false)[attr];
  }
  }
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
 <div id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>

請(qǐng)自行展開這段代碼,這段代碼能夠同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng),但是有一個(gè)問(wèn)題:

div的初始寬度與高度( width : 200, height : 200)

變化步長(zhǎng)一樣( 10 )

變化時(shí)間一樣( 每30毫秒變化一次 )

目標(biāo)( width: 500, height : 400 )

你能想到什么問(wèn)題嗎?( 兩個(gè)人在同一起跑線上,速度一樣, 時(shí)間一樣,但是要同時(shí)到達(dá)不同的目標(biāo),一個(gè)500, 一個(gè)400 )

答案是很明顯的,肯定是目標(biāo)近的( height : 400 )那個(gè)先到達(dá),然后把對(duì)象上的定時(shí)器關(guān)了,另一個(gè)目標(biāo)更遠(yuǎn)的( width: 500 )肯定到達(dá)不了

你可以在這句代碼下面,輸出當(dāng)前的值和目標(biāo)值:

var target = attr[key];
console.log( key, cur, target );

輸出來(lái)的結(jié)果是:

從上圖可以看出,height已經(jīng)達(dá)到了400px,但是width停在了410px,為什么不是400px ? 因?yàn)閣idth = 400的時(shí)候, 就是( cur == 500 ) 相當(dāng)于( 400 == 500 ) 不成立,所以執(zhí)行了else語(yǔ)句,width = cur + 10 = 400 + 10 = 410,然后height到達(dá)400px停止了定時(shí)器,所以width停在了410px.

那么我們?cè)趺唇鉀Q這個(gè)問(wèn)題呢?

其實(shí)也好辦,就是height = 400的時(shí)候 不要把定時(shí)器關(guān)了,應(yīng)該等width = 500的時(shí)候再關(guān)閉定時(shí)器,不就在同一時(shí)間,完成了同時(shí)到達(dá)目標(biāo)的效果嗎?

修改后的代碼如下:

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Document</title>
 <style>
 div {
 width: 200px;
 height: 200px;
 background: red;
 }
 </style>
 <script>
 window.onload = function () {
  var oBox = document.getElementById("box");
  oBox.onmouseover = function(){
  animate( this, { "width" : 500, "height" : 400 }, 10 );
  }

  function animate(obj, attr, speed) {
  clearInterval(obj.timer);
  var cur = 0;
  obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
   var bFlag = true;
   for ( var key in attr ) {
   if (key == 'opacity') {
    cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   } else {
    cur = parseInt(css(obj, key));
   }
   var target = attr[key];
   if (cur != target) {
    bFlag = false;
    if (key == 'opacity') {
    obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
    obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
    } else {
    obj.style[key] = cur + speed + "px";
    }
   }
   }
   if ( bFlag ) {
   clearInterval( obj.timer );
   }
  }, 30);
  }

  function css(obj, attr) {
  if (obj.currentStyle) {
   return obj.currentStyle[attr];
  } else {
   return getComputedStyle(obj, false)[attr];
  }
  }
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
 <div id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>

聲明一個(gè)變量,每次變化完一次( width, height )樣式 把bFlag = true, 只要在for循環(huán)中有一個(gè)沒(méi)有到達(dá)目標(biāo),bFlag的值都是false,這樣就不會(huì)關(guān)閉定時(shí)器。當(dāng)兩個(gè)都到達(dá)目標(biāo),才關(guān)閉定時(shí)器.

三、順序運(yùn)動(dòng)

如樣式變化,按順序來(lái),不是同時(shí)變化, 如:

oBox.onmouseover = function(){
//回調(diào)函數(shù): 把函數(shù)當(dāng)做參數(shù)傳遞給另一個(gè)函數(shù)
  animate( this, { 'width' : 500 }, 10, function(){
    animate( this, { 'height' : 500 }, 10 );
  } );
}

當(dāng)把width變成500px的時(shí)候,如果傳遞了回調(diào)函數(shù), 再接著執(zhí)行回調(diào)函數(shù)里面的運(yùn)動(dòng)

修改后的完整代碼:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>通用的勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)框架 - by ghostwu</title>
 <style>
 div {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background: red;
 }
 </style>
 <script>
 window.onload = function () {
  var oBox = document.getElementById("box");
  oBox.onmouseover = function(){
  //回調(diào)函數(shù): 把函數(shù)當(dāng)做參數(shù)傳遞給另一個(gè)函數(shù)
  animate( this, { 'width' : 500 }, 10, function(){
   animate( this, { 'height' : 500 }, 10 );
  } );
  }

  function animate(obj, attr, speed, fn ) {

  clearInterval(obj.timer);
  var cur = 0;
  obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
   var bFlag = true;
   for (var key in attr) {
   if (key == 'opacity') {
    cur = css(obj, 'opacity') * 100;
   } else {
    cur = parseInt(css(obj, key));
   }
   var target = attr[key];
   if (cur != target) {
    bFlag = false;
    if (key == 'opacity') {
    obj.style.opacity = ( cur + speed ) / 100;
    obj.style.filter = "alpha(opacity:" + (cur + speed) + ")";
    } else {
    obj.style[key] = cur + speed + "px";
    }
   }
   }

   if (bFlag) {
   clearInterval(obj.timer);
   fn && fn.call( obj );
   }
  }, 30);
  }

  function css(obj, attr) {
  if (obj.currentStyle) {
   return obj.currentStyle[attr];
  } else {
   return getComputedStyle(obj, false)[attr];
  }
  }
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>

以上這篇打造通用的勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)框架(實(shí)例講解)就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了,希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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