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Android 7.0 監(jiān)聽(tīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)變化的示例代碼

更新時(shí)間：2018年03月22日 13:51:58 作者：xingjm8511

這篇文章主要介紹了Android 7.0 監(jiān)聽(tīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)變化的示例代碼,小編覺(jué)得挺不錯(cuò)的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，也給大家做個(gè)參考。一起跟隨小編過(guò)來(lái)看看吧

Android7.0前，Android系統(tǒng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)切換時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)廣播，業(yè)務(wù)只要監(jiān)聽(tīng)廣播即可。

public class NetChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

  private static final String ANDROID_NET_CHANGE_ACTION = "android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE";

  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    if(intent.getAction().equalsIgnoreCase(ANDROID_NET_CHANGE_ACTION)){
      Toast.makeText(context, "Net Changed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
  }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  package="com.outman.example.androidtest">

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE"/>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"/>

  <application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
    android:supportsRtl="true">

    <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <receiver android:name=".NetChangeReceiver">
      <intent-filter >
        <action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"/>
      </intent-filter>
    </receiver>
  </application>

</manifest>

上面代碼，在Android7.0設(shè)備前，當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)切換時(shí)，能收到消息。而在Android7.0及以上設(shè)備，則無(wú)法收到。

Android7.0 行為變更上明確說(shuō)明

Android 7.0 移除了三項(xiàng)隱式廣播，因?yàn)殡[式廣播會(huì)在后臺(tái)頻繁啟動(dòng)已注冊(cè)偵聽(tīng)這些廣播的應(yīng)用。刪除這些廣播可以顯著提升設(shè)備性能和用戶體驗(yàn)。

為緩解這些問(wèn)題，Android 7.0 應(yīng)用了以下優(yōu)化措施：

面向 Android 7.0 開(kāi)發(fā)的應(yīng)用不會(huì)收到 CONNECTIVITY_ACTION 廣播，即使它們已有清單條目來(lái)請(qǐng)求接受這些事件的通知。在前臺(tái)運(yùn)行的應(yīng)用如果使用 BroadcastReceiver 請(qǐng)求接收通知，則仍可以在主線程中偵聽(tīng) CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE。
應(yīng)用無(wú)法發(fā)送或接收 ACTION_NEW_PICTURE 或 ACTION_NEW_VIDEO 廣播。此項(xiàng)優(yōu)化會(huì)影響所有應(yīng)用，而不僅僅是面向 Android 7.0 的應(yīng)用。

解決辦法

1. 大家都知道，注冊(cè)廣播有兩種方式，一種是在AndroidManifest.xml中，另一種通過(guò)register方法。

Android文檔中描述，通過(guò)在AndroidManifest.xml中注冊(cè)方式，App在前后臺(tái)都無(wú)法接收到廣播。而通過(guò)register的方式，當(dāng)App在運(yùn)行時(shí)，是可以接收到廣播的。

Note: A BroadcastReceiver registered with Context.registerReceiver() continues to receive these broadcasts while the app is running.

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  private NetChangeReceiver netChangeReceiver;
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    netChangeReceiver = new NetChangeReceiver();
    registerReceiver(netChangeReceiver, new IntentFilter("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"));
  }

  @Override
  protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    unregisterReceiver(netChangeReceiver);
  }
}

2. 提供了一種更穩(wěn)定的方式

Monitoring Network Connectivity While the App is Running
Apps that are running can still listen for CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE with a registered BroadcastReceiver. However, the ConnectivityManager API provides a more robust method to request a callback only when specified network conditions are met.

NetworkRequest objects define the parameters of the network callback in terms of NetworkCapabilities. You create NetworkRequest objects with the NetworkRequest.Builder class. registerNetworkCallback() then passes the NetworkRequest object to the system. When the network conditions are met, the app receives a callback to execute the onAvailable() method defined in its ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback class.

The app continues to receive callbacks until either the app exits or it calls unregisterNetworkCallback().

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  private ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallback;
  private ConnectivityManager connectivityManager;
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    networkCallback = new NetworkCallbackImpl();
    NetworkRequest.Builder builder = new NetworkRequest.Builder();
    NetworkRequest request = builder.build();
    connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
    connectivityManager.registerNetworkCallback(request, networkCallback);
  }

  @Override
  protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
  }
  private class NetworkCallbackImpl extends ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback {
    @Override
    public void onAvailable(Network network) {
      super.onAvailable(network);
      Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "onAvailable", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLosing(Network network, int maxMsToLive) {
      super.onLosing(network, maxMsToLive);
      Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "onLosing", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLost(Network network) {
      super.onLost(network);
      Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "onLost", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCapabilitiesChanged(Network network, NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {
      super.onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities);
      Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "onCapabilitiesChanged", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLinkPropertiesChanged(Network network, LinkProperties linkProperties) {
      super.onLinkPropertiesChanged(network, linkProperties);
      Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "onLinkPropertiesChanged", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
  }
}

以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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