springboot 錯誤處理小結(jié)
在 java web開發(fā)過程中,難免會有一些系統(tǒng)異?;蛉藶楫a(chǎn)生一些異常。在 RESTful springboot 項(xiàng)目中如何優(yōu)雅的處理?
分析:在RESTful 風(fēng)格的springboot 項(xiàng)目中,返回的都是 body 對象,所以定義一個結(jié)果基類,其中包含 status,message,data(請求方法的返回結(jié)果),是比較合適的。
如果定義多個異常類進(jìn)行處理,會比較麻煩。比如StudentNotExistsException、StudentExistsException。。。等,并且不能指定錯誤碼,不方便前端根據(jù)錯誤碼進(jìn)行處理。
說明:一般的spring mvc模型處理流程如下
一般controller層 -> Service層 -> Dao層。
1.controller層,接受請求,進(jìn)行分頁,DTO對象封裝操作。
2.service層,執(zhí)行邏輯,控制并發(fā),事務(wù)。
3.Dao層,與數(shù)據(jù)庫交互。
使用一個學(xué)生表的處理進(jìn)行說明:
1、定義常見的錯誤枚舉 StudentExceptionEnum
public enum StudentExceptionEnum { STUDENT_NOT_EXIST(1004,"學(xué)生不存在,請確認(rèn)后再查"), STUDENT_EXIST(1005,"學(xué)生已存在"); private Integer status; private String comment; StudentExceptionEnum(Integer status, String comment) { this.status = status; this.comment = comment; } public Integer getStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(Integer status) { this.status = status; } public String getComment() { return comment; } public void setComment(String comment) { this.comment = comment; } }
2 定義一個基本的處理結(jié)果類 RequestResult
@Data public class RequestResult { private String message; private Integer status; private Object data; public RequestResult(String message, Integer status, Object data) { this.message = message; this.status = status; this.data = data; } public RequestResult(String message, Integer status) { this.message = message; this.status = status; } public RequestResult(String message, StudentExceptionEnum requestExceptionEnum) { this.message = message; this.status = requestExceptionEnum.getStatus(); } public RequestResult() { status = 200; message = "ok"; } public static RequestResult OK(Object data) { RequestResult result = new RequestResult(); result.setData(data); return result; } public static RequestResult EXCEPTION(String message, Integer status) { return new RequestResult(message, status); } public static RequestResult EXCEPTION(String message, StudentExceptionEnum requestExceptionEnum) { return new RequestResult(message, requestExceptionEnum); } }
3 實(shí)體類 Student
@Data public class Student implements Serializable{ private String id; private String nickname; private String name; private int age; private String sex; private String address; @Override public String toString() { return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this); } }
4 處理請求,添加學(xué)生,nickname 必填項(xiàng)。此處只顯示 Service 片段代碼
@Override public RequestResult addStudent(Student student) { if (studentDao.queryIdByNickname(student.getNickname()) == null) { studentDao.addStudent(student); System.out.println("添加成功"); student = studentDao.queryByNickname(student.getNickname()); return RequestResult.OK(student); } else { return RequestResult.EXCEPTION("用戶" + student.getNickname() + "已存在", StudentExceptionEnum.STUDENT_EXIST); } }
5 此時,已經(jīng)完成了基本的處理情況。下面就進(jìn)行基本的測試了
5.1 添加一個新同學(xué)信息
5.2 再次添加讓其出現(xiàn)異常測試
二、到此基本已大功告成,但是,對于基本的運(yùn)行時異常沒有處理,直接返回給前端會很不友好。所以要定義一個全局的 RuntimeException 異常處理類。
此處需要使用的關(guān)鍵標(biāo)注: @ExceptionHandler
用法有兩種 1)在處理請求的 Controller 中添加 @ExceptionHandler,此時該方法只會處理該 Controller 拋出的異常。
2)將其用在全局的異常處理類中,全局異常處理類需要使用 @RestControllerAdvice 或 @ControllerAdvice 標(biāo)記
我們需要處理全局的 RuntimeException,所以我們使用第二種方法。當(dāng)然,這樣處理是為了客戶友好型,我們還是要處理這種錯誤,怎么辦?就需要將錯誤的信息記錄下來,方便以后分析處理。此處使用 logger 進(jìn)行記錄。代碼如下
@RestControllerAdvice public class BaseExceptionHandler { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaseExceptionHandler.class); @ExceptionHandler(value = RuntimeException.class) public RequestResult exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e) { logError(request,e); return RequestResult.EXCEPTION("內(nèi)部處理異常,工程師正在抓緊搶修,請稍后再來...",500); } public static void logError(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) { logger.error("請求地址:" + request.getRequestURL()); logger.error("請求方法:" + request.getMethod()); logger.error("請求IP:" + getRemoteIp(request)); logger.error("錯誤詳情:"); StackTraceElement[] error = e.getStackTrace(); for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : error) { logger.error(stackTraceElement.toString()); } } public static String getRemoteIp(HttpServletRequest request) { String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); } } else if (ip.length() > 15) { String[] ips = ip.split(","); for (int index = 0; index < ips.length; index++) { String strIp = (String) ips[index]; if (!("unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(strIp))) { ip = strIp; break; } } } return ip; } }
進(jìn)行測試看是否生效:
修改添加學(xué)生信息代碼如下:
public RequestResult addStudent(Student student) { int a = 1/0; if (studentDao.queryIdByNickname(student.getNickname()) == null) { studentDao.addStudent(student); System.out.println("添加成功"); student = studentDao.queryByNickname(student.getNickname()); return RequestResult.OK(student); } else { return RequestResult.EXCEPTION("用戶'" + student.getNickname() + "'已存在", StudentExceptionEnum.STUDENT_EXIST); } }
進(jìn)行測試
后臺打印錯誤信息
2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : 請求地址:http://localhost:8080/demo1/student 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : 請求方法:POST 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : 請求IP:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : 錯誤詳情: 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : com.huitong.demo.service.StudentService.addStudent(StudentService.java:71) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : com.huitong.demo.controller.StudentController.addStudent(StudentController.java:38) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:209) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:136) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:870) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:776) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.125 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:991) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:925) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:881) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:661) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.129 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:855) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.130 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1459) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.131 ERROR 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.h.d.controller.BaseExceptionHandler : java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 2018-03-26 17:01:19.133 WARN 9136 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolved exception caused by Handler execution: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
總結(jié)
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的springboot 錯誤處理小結(jié),希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持!
相關(guān)文章
Maven?Pom?文件中的隱式依賴導(dǎo)致Jar沖突問題
這篇文章主要介紹了Maven?Pom?文件中的隱式依賴導(dǎo)致Jar沖突問題,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教2021-12-12Spring框架通過工廠創(chuàng)建Bean的三種方式實(shí)現(xiàn)
這篇文章主要介紹了Spring框架通過工廠創(chuàng)建Bean的三種方式實(shí)現(xiàn),文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價值,需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧2020-03-03SSH框架網(wǎng)上商城項(xiàng)目第5戰(zhàn)之商品類別級聯(lián)查詢和分頁功能
SSH框架網(wǎng)上商城項(xiàng)目第5戰(zhàn)之商品類別級聯(lián)查詢和分頁功能,寫一下CategoryServiceImpl實(shí)現(xiàn)類,完成數(shù)據(jù)庫的級聯(lián)查詢,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下2016-05-05SpringBoot實(shí)現(xiàn)各種參數(shù)校驗(yàn)總結(jié)(建議收藏!)
本文深入解析了Spring?Validation的使用方法、實(shí)現(xiàn)原理及最佳實(shí)踐,詳細(xì)介紹了各種參數(shù)校驗(yàn)場景,如requestBody和requestParam/PathVariable的使用,并探討了分組校驗(yàn)、嵌套校驗(yàn)和自定義校驗(yàn)的高級應(yīng)用,需要的朋友可以參考下2024-09-09SpringBoot+@EnableScheduling使用定時器的常見案例
項(xiàng)目開發(fā)中經(jīng)常需要執(zhí)行一些定時任務(wù),本文主要介紹了SpringBoot+@EnableScheduling使用定時器的常見案例,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的可以了解一下2023-09-09java批量下載將多個文件(minio中存儲)壓縮成一個zip包代碼示例
在Java應(yīng)用程序中有時我們需要從多個URL地址下載文件,并將這些文件打包成一個Zip文件進(jìn)行批量處理或傳輸,這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于java批量下載將多個文件(minio中存儲)壓縮成一個zip包的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下2023-11-11