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WPF自定義控件和樣式之自定義按鈕（Button）

 更新時(shí)間：2018年04月19日 11:29:41   作者：小明GG  
接觸WPF也有兩個(gè)多月了，有了一定的理論基礎(chǔ)和項(xiàng)目經(jīng)驗(yàn)，現(xiàn)在打算寫(xiě)一個(gè)系列，做出來(lái)一個(gè)WPF的控件庫(kù)。下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于WPF自定義控件和樣式之自定義按鈕（Button）的相關(guān)資料，需要的朋友可以參考下。

一、前言

程序界面上的按鈕多種多樣，常用的就這幾種：普通按鈕、圖標(biāo)按鈕、文字按鈕、圖片文字混合按鈕。本文章記錄了不同樣式類(lèi)型的按鈕實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。下面話不多說(shuō)了，來(lái)一起看看詳細(xì)的介紹吧。

二、固定樣式的按鈕

固定樣式的按鈕一般在臨時(shí)使用時(shí)或程序的樣式比較固定時(shí)才會(huì)使用，按鈕整體樣式不需要做大的改動(dòng)。

2.1 普通按鈕-扁平化風(fēng)格

先看效果：

定義Button的樣式，詳見(jiàn)代碼：

<Style x:Key="BtnInfoStyle" TargetType="Button">
   <Setter Property="Width" Value="70"/>
   <Setter Property="Height" Value="25"/>
   <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"/>
   <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
   <Setter Property="Background" Value="#43a9c7"/>
   <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
     <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
      <Border x:Name="border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
       <TextBlock Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
      </Border>
      <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
       <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
        <Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="#2f96b4"/>
       </Trigger>
       <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
        <Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="#2a89a4"/>
       </Trigger>
      </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
     </ControlTemplate>
   </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

引用方法：

<Grid Background="White">
  <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="10" VerticalAlignment="Top">
   <Button Style="{StaticResource BtnInfoStyle}" Content="信息" Margin="5 0"/>
</Grid>

上述代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)了Button按鈕的扁平化樣式，如果你想調(diào)整顏色風(fēng)格，通過(guò)修改Background的值可實(shí)現(xiàn)默認(rèn)顏色，鼠標(biāo)經(jīng)過(guò)顏色以及鼠標(biāo)按下顏色。

2.2 圖標(biāo)按鈕

先看效果：

Button樣式的代碼和扁平化Button差不多，只是把TextBlock控件替換成了Image控件，另外需要設(shè)置Button默認(rèn)的背景色為透明。廢話不多說(shuō)看代碼：

<Style x:Key="BtnImageStyle1" TargetType="Button">
   <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
   <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
     <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
      <Border Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}">
       <Image x:Name="Img" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Source="/Images/button1.png" Stretch="None"/>
      </Border>
      <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
       <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
        <Setter TargetName="Img" Property="Source" Value="/Images/button1.png"/>
       </Trigger>
       <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
        <Setter TargetName="Img" Property="Source" Value="/Images/button1.png"/>
       </Trigger>
      </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
     </ControlTemplate>
   </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
 </Style>

這里的button1.png需要自己準(zhǔn)備圖片資源，IsMouseOver和IsPressed的圖片資源可自己替換，替換之后能有更豐富的效果呈現(xiàn)。

2.3 圖標(biāo)文字混合按鈕

效果：

實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼：

<Style x:Key="BtnImgTxtStyle1" TargetType="Button">
  <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#555"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
     <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
      <Border>
       <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
        <Image Source="Images/adshut.png" Stretch="None"/>
        <TextBlock x:Name="Txt" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
       </StackPanel>
      </Border>
      <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
       <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#333333" TargetName="Txt"/>
       </Trigger>
      </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
     </ControlTemplate>
   </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
 </Style>

2.4 文字按鈕和2.3中的圖標(biāo)文字按鈕樣式差不多，只需要把Image控件去掉就行。

三、復(fù)用性高的按鈕

要想實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)用性高的按鈕，就必須新建自定義控件。下面這個(gè)實(shí)例通過(guò)自定義控件實(shí)現(xiàn)上述所有效果，并且可以隨意更改風(fēng)格。

首先在項(xiàng)目中右鍵-添加-新建項(xiàng)-自定義控件。

新建自定義控件之后，添加依賴屬性。代碼如下：

public class ButtonEx : Button
 {
  static ButtonEx()
  {
   DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(ButtonEx), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(ButtonEx)));
  }


  public ButtonType ButtonType
  {
   get { return (ButtonType)GetValue(ButtonTypeProperty); }
   set { SetValue(ButtonTypeProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty ButtonTypeProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("ButtonType", typeof(ButtonType), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata(ButtonType.Normal));


  public ImageSource Icon
  {
   get { return (ImageSource)GetValue(IconProperty); }
   set { SetValue(IconProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty IconProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("Icon", typeof(ImageSource), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata(null));


  public CornerRadius CornerRadius
  {
   get { return (CornerRadius)GetValue(CornerRadiusProperty); }
   set { SetValue(CornerRadiusProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty CornerRadiusProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("CornerRadius", typeof(CornerRadius), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata(new CornerRadius(0)));


  public Brush MouseOverForeground
  {
   get { return (Brush)GetValue(MouseOverForegroundProperty); }
   set { SetValue(MouseOverForegroundProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseOverForegroundProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("MouseOverForeground", typeof(Brush), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata());


  public Brush MousePressedForeground
  {
   get { return (Brush)GetValue(MousePressedForegroundProperty); }
   set { SetValue(MousePressedForegroundProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty MousePressedForegroundProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("MousePressedForeground", typeof(Brush), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata());


  public Brush MouseOverBorderbrush
  {
   get { return (Brush)GetValue(MouseOverBorderbrushProperty); }
   set { SetValue(MouseOverBorderbrushProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseOverBorderbrushProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("MouseOverBorderbrush", typeof(Brush), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata());


  public Brush MouseOverBackground
  {
   get { return (Brush)GetValue(MouseOverBackgroundProperty); }
   set { SetValue(MouseOverBackgroundProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty MouseOverBackgroundProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("MouseOverBackground", typeof(Brush), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata());


  public Brush MousePressedBackground
  {
   get { return (Brush)GetValue(MousePressedBackgroundProperty); }
   set { SetValue(MousePressedBackgroundProperty, value); }
  }

  public static readonly DependencyProperty MousePressedBackgroundProperty =
   DependencyProperty.Register("MousePressedBackground", typeof(Brush), typeof(ButtonEx), new PropertyMetadata());
 }

 public enum ButtonType
 {
  Normal,
  Icon,
  Text,
  IconText
 }

為不同類(lèi)型按鈕設(shè)置樣式，代碼如下：

<Style TargetType="{x:Type local:ButtonEx}">
  <Style.Triggers>
   <Trigger Property="ButtonType" Value="Normal">
    <Setter Property="Background" Value="#43a9c7"/>
    <Setter Property="MouseOverBackground" Value="#2f96b4"/>
    <Setter Property="MousePressedBackground" Value="#2a89a4"/>
    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"/>
    <Setter Property="MouseOverForeground" Value="White"/>
    <Setter Property="MousePressedForeground" Value="White"/>
    <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"/>
    <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
     <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type local:ButtonEx}">
       <Border x:Name="border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding CornerRadius}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}" SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
        <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
       </Border>
       <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
        <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
         <Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="{Binding MouseOverBackground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
         <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MouseOverForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
         <Setter TargetName="border" Property="BorderBrush" Value="{Binding MouseOverBorderbrush,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
        </Trigger>
        <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
         <Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="{Binding MousePressedBackground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
         <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MousePressedForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
         
        </Trigger>
       </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
     </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
   </Trigger>
   <Trigger Property="ButtonType" Value="Icon">
    <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
     <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type local:ButtonEx}">
       <Border Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}">
        <Image x:Name="Img" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Source="{TemplateBinding Icon}" Stretch="None"/>
       </Border>
       <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
        <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0.8"/>
        </Trigger>
        <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0.9"/>
        </Trigger>
       </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
     </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
   </Trigger>
   <Trigger Property="ButtonType" Value="Text">
    <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#002c99"/>
    <Setter Property="MouseOverForeground" Value="#FF2c99"/>
    <Setter Property="MousePressedForeground" Value="#002c99"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
     <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type local:ButtonEx}">
       <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
       <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
        <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MouseOverForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" TargetName="txt"/>
        </Trigger>
        <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MousePressedForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" TargetName="txt"/>
        </Trigger>
       </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
     </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
   </Trigger>
   <Trigger Property="ButtonType" Value="IconText">
    <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
    <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#555"/>
    <Setter Property="MouseOverForeground" Value="#555"/>
    <Setter Property="MousePressedForeground" Value="#555"/>
    <Setter Property="Template">
     <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type local:ButtonEx}">
       <Border>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
         <Image Source="{TemplateBinding Icon}" Stretch="None"/>
         <TextBlock x:Name="Txt" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
        </StackPanel>
       </Border>
       <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
        <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MouseOverForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" TargetName="Txt"/>
        </Trigger>
        <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
         <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding MousePressedForeground,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" TargetName="Txt"/>
        </Trigger>
       </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
     </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
   </Trigger>
  </Style.Triggers> 
 </Style>

然后就可以引用該控件了：

<Grid>
  <WrapPanel>
   <local:ButtonEx Content="信息" Width="75" Height="25" Margin="10" ButtonType="Normal"/>
   <local:ButtonEx Icon="/Images/button1.png" Margin="10" ButtonType="Icon"/>
   <local:ButtonEx Content="文字按鈕" Margin="10" ButtonType="Text"/>
   <local:ButtonEx Content="圖文按鈕" Icon="/Images/adshut.png" Margin="10" ButtonType="IconText"/>
  </WrapPanel>
 </Grid>

效果如下：

至此已經(jīng)完成Button控件的擴(kuò)展功能，如果想要添加動(dòng)畫(huà)或者設(shè)置圖標(biāo)的位置和邊距等，可以自己另外添加依賴屬性來(lái)擴(kuò)展。

總結(jié)

以上就是這篇文章的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望本文的內(nèi)容對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，如果有疑問(wèn)大家可以留言交流，謝謝大家對(duì)腳本之家的支持。

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