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springboot學(xué)習(xí)之構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單項(xiàng)目搭建步驟詳解

 更新時(shí)間:2018年10月26日 11:36:14   作者:廚房小碼農(nóng)  
這篇文章主要介紹了springboot學(xué)習(xí)之構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單項(xiàng)目搭建步驟詳解,小編覺得挺不錯(cuò)的,現(xiàn)在分享給大家,也給大家做個(gè)參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

概述

相信對(duì)于Java開發(fā)者而言,spring和springMvc兩個(gè)框架一定不陌生,這兩個(gè)框架需要我們手動(dòng)配置的地方非常多,各種的xml文件,properties文件,構(gòu)建一個(gè)項(xiàng)目還是挺復(fù)雜的,在這種情況下,springboot應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,他能夠快速的構(gòu)建spring項(xiàng)目,而且讓項(xiàng)目正常運(yùn)行起來的配置文件非常少,甚至只需要幾個(gè)注解就可以運(yùn)行整個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

總的說來,springboot項(xiàng)目可以打成jar包獨(dú)立運(yùn)行部署,因?yàn)樗鼉?nèi)嵌servlet容器,之前spring,springMvc需要的大量依賴,可以通過starter來幫助我們簡(jiǎn)化配置,當(dāng)然還有其他好多優(yōu)點(diǎn),這里就不一一贅述,小伙伴們可以自行搜索解答。

簡(jiǎn)單項(xiàng)目構(gòu)建

工具

eclipse maven

首先,我們新建一個(gè)maven項(xiàng)目,在eclipse左側(cè)右擊選擇new----》other,選擇新建Maven project

輸入group Id,artifact Id,點(diǎn)擊完成

這樣一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的項(xiàng)目架子就完成了,但是啥都沒有,項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖所示:

下面我們就開始配置搭建springboot項(xiàng)目。

1.添加依賴

完整porm代碼如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.cfxmn.springboot</groupId>
  <artifactId>springbootDemo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <!-- 通過繼承spring-boot-starter-parent項(xiàng)目來獲得一些合理的默認(rèn)配置 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot Web 依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Boot Test 依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 使用Lombok可以減少很多重復(fù)代碼的書寫。比如說getter/setter/toString等方法的編寫 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

下面我們新建一些包和添加項(xiàng)目的啟動(dòng)類,如下圖所示:

其中,控制器DemoController的內(nèi)容非常簡(jiǎn)單,內(nèi)容如下:

package com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootDemo.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class DemoController {
  @PostMapping("/demo")

  public void demoTest() {

    // 這邊簡(jiǎn)單起見,打印一下日志

    log.info("success call");

  }

}

可能有些同學(xué)對(duì)其中的幾個(gè)注解有些疑問,我這邊簡(jiǎn)單說明下,

1.RestController

這個(gè)注解其實(shí)就是@ResponseBody + @Controller

2.PostMapping

這個(gè)注解其實(shí)就是@RequestMapping("xxxxxx", Method=RequestMethod.POST)

這兩個(gè)其實(shí)都是組合注解,簡(jiǎn)化使用

我們?cè)賮砜纯矗?xiàng)目的啟動(dòng)類SpringbootDemoApplication的內(nèi)容:

package com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootDemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication

public class SpringbootDemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(SpringbootDemoApplication.class, args);

  }
}

是的,你沒看錯(cuò),只要運(yùn)行這個(gè)main方法,就能啟動(dòng)這個(gè)spring項(xiàng)目,具體是怎么啟動(dòng)的容器,我們之后再分析,其實(shí)主要就是在注解SpringBootApplication上。

下面我們就來運(yùn)行下,看下啟動(dòng)日志:

 .  ____     _      __ _ _

 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \

( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \

 \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )

 ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /

 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/

 :: Spring Boot ::    (v1.5.6.RELEASE)

 

2018-10-25 23:52:41.985 INFO 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.SpringbootDemoApplication    : Starting SpringbootDemoApplication on DESKTOP-KB78HJK with PID 1700 (E:\workspace\springbootDemo\target\classes started by gepengfa in E:\workspace\springbootDemo)

2018-10-25 23:52:41.990 INFO 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.SpringbootDemoApplication    : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default

2018-10-25 23:52:42.088 INFO 1700 --- [      main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@7f416310: startup date [Thu Oct 25 23:52:42 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy

2018-10-25 23:52:44.561 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)

2018-10-25 23:52:44.584 INFO 1700 --- [      main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService  : Starting service [Tomcat]

2018-10-25 23:52:44.588 INFO 1700 --- [      main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.16

2018-10-25 23:52:44.813 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]    : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext

2018-10-25 23:52:44.813 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader      : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2733 ms

2018-10-25 23:52:45.074 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.085 INFO 1700 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.582 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@7f416310: startup date [Thu Oct 25 23:52:42 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy

2018-10-25 23:52:45.705 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/demo],methods=[POST]}" onto public void com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootDemo.controller.DemoController.demoTest()

2018-10-25 23:52:45.710 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)

2018-10-25 23:52:45.711 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)

2018-10-25 23:52:45.759 INFO 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.759 INFO 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.817 INFO 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:46.321 INFO 1700 --- [      main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter    : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup

2018-10-25 23:52:46.529 INFO 1700 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)

2018-10-25 23:52:46.599 INFO 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.SpringbootDemoApplication    : Started SpringbootDemoApplication in 5.092 seconds (JVM running for 5.764) 

從啟動(dòng)日志標(biāo)黃的部分可以看出,項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)成功了,訪問端口默認(rèn)是8080(這個(gè)端口是可以改動(dòng)的)

下面我們通過postMan請(qǐng)求下,

查看控制臺(tái)

2018-10-25 23:59:26.385 INFO 1700 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.c.s.s.controller.DemoController    : success call

說明調(diào)用成功。

到此,一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的springboot項(xiàng)目就構(gòu)建完成了,但這只是一個(gè)空的架子,內(nèi)容還可載豐富。

以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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