@Autowired注入為null問題原因分析

更新時間：2018年11月25日 16:47:27 作者：吃魚不挑刺

這篇文章主要介紹了@Autowired注入為null問題原因分析嗎，小編覺得挺不錯的，對日后比較有幫助，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

問題說明

最近看到Spring事務(wù),在學(xué)習(xí)過程中遇到一個很苦惱問題

搭建好Spring的啟動環(huán)境后出現(xiàn)了一點(diǎn)小問題

在啟動時候卻出現(xiàn)[java.lang.NullPointerException]

不過因?yàn)楫?dāng)時一個小小的疏忽很low的問題請往下看...

工程結(jié)構(gòu)

代碼片段

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

  <!-- Spring注解掃描 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.*" />

  <!-- 1. 數(shù)據(jù)源對象: C3P0連接池 -->
  <bean id="dataSource"
    class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="org.h2.Driver"></property>
    <property name="jdbcUrl"
      value="jdbc:h2:tcp://192.168.190.1/~/test"></property>
    <property name="user" value="sa"></property>
    <property name="password" value="123"></property>
  </bean>

  <!-- 2. JdbcTemplate工具類實(shí)例 -->
  <bean id="jdbcTemplate"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
  </bean>

  <!-- 3.配置事務(wù) -->
  <bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
  </bean>

</beans>

Test.java

public class Test {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
        "spring.xml");
    ServiceIF service = (ServiceIF) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("serviceImpl");
    service.add("小王", 23);
  }
}

TransactionUtil.java

@Component("transactionUtil")
public class TransactionUtil {

  /**
   * 初始化數(shù)據(jù)源
   */
  @Autowired
  private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;

  /**
   * 開啟事務(wù)
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public TransactionStatus begin() {
    TransactionStatus transaction = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(new DefaultTransactionDefinition());
    System.out.println(" 開啟事務(wù)成功 ");
    return transaction;
  }

  /**
   * 提交事物
   * 
   * @param transaction
   */
  public void commit(TransactionStatus transaction) {
    dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transaction);
    System.out.println(" 事物提交成功 ");
  }

  /**
   * 回滾事務(wù)
   * 
   * @param transaction
   */
  public void rollback(TransactionStatus transaction) {
    dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transaction);
    System.err.println(" 事物進(jìn)行回滾 ");
  }
}

ServiceImpl.java

@Service("serviceImpl")
public class ServiceImpl implements ServiceIF {

  @Autowired
  TransactionUtil transactionUtil;

  private TransactionStatus transactionStatus = null;

  @Override
  public void add(String name, Integer age) {
    transactionStatus = transactionUtil.begin();
    try {
      new DaoImpl().add(name, age);
      transactionUtil.commit(transactionStatus);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println("ERROR >>> 執(zhí)行出現(xiàn)異常 即將進(jìn)行回滾操作");
      transactionUtil.rollback(transactionStatus);
    }
  }
}

DaoImpl.java

public class DaoImpl implements DaoIF{

  /**
   * 注入jdbc模板類
   */
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

  /**
   * 第一條插入語句
   */
  private final String SQL_INSERT_01 = "insert into user values (?,?)";

  /**
   * 添加sql執(zhí)行
   * 
   * @param name
   * @param age
   */
  public void add(String name, Integer age) {
    jdbcTemplate.update(SQL_INSERT_01, name, age);
  }
}

運(yùn)行結(jié)果