PHP下用Swoole實現(xiàn)Actor并發(fā)模型的方法
什么是Actor?
Actor對于PHPer來說,可能會比較陌生,寫過Java的同學(xué)會比較熟悉,Java一直都有線程的概念(雖然PHP有Pthread,但不普及),它是一種非共享內(nèi)存的并發(fā)模型,每個Actor內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)獨(dú)立存在,Actor之間通過消息傳遞的形式進(jìn)行交互調(diào)度,且Actor是一種高度抽象化的編程模型,非常適合于游戲、硬件行業(yè)。
Swoole協(xié)程與信箱
得益于Swoole4.x,我們可以基于Swoole的協(xié)程與Channel快速實現(xiàn)一個信箱模式調(diào)度。模擬代碼如下:
use Swoole\Coroutine\Channel; go(function (){ //創(chuàng)建十個信箱通道 $mailBoxes = []; for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){ $mailBoxes[$i] = new Channel(16); } //模擬master 郵局調(diào)度,隨機(jī)像一個信箱投遞消息 go(function ()use($mailBoxes){ while (1){ \co::sleep(2); $key = rand(1,10); ($mailBoxes[$key])->push(time()); } }); //模擬actor 實體消費(fèi) for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){ go(function ()use($mailBoxes,$i){ while (1){ $msg = ($mailBoxes[$i])->pop(); echo "Actor {$i} recv msg : {$msg} \n"; } }); } });
以上代碼執(zhí)行輸出:
php test.php
Actor 8 recv msg : 1559622691
Actor 10 recv msg : 1559622693
Actor 1 recv msg : 1559622695
Actor 5 recv msg : 1559622697
協(xié)程通道每次在POP遇到無數(shù)據(jù)的時候,都會自動讓出執(zhí)行權(quán)(具體可以去看Swoole協(xié)程調(diào)度)
Actor庫
基于上面的原理,我們實行了一個多進(jìn)程分布的協(xié)程Actor庫
composer require easyswoole/actor=2.x-dev
我們依賴dev庫進(jìn)行測試,生產(chǎn)可以自己依賴stable版本
進(jìn)程關(guān)系
Easyswoole的Actor模型中,存在兩組進(jìn)程,一組是proxy進(jìn)程,用來實現(xiàn)Actor對外服務(wù),一組是worker進(jìn)程,proxy進(jìn)程與worker進(jìn)程之間通過unixsock進(jìn)行通訊,而Actor實例就均勻的分布worker之中。
樣例代碼
比如在一個聊天室中,我們可以定義一個房間模型。
namespace EasySwoole\Actor\Test; use EasySwoole\Actor\AbstractActor; use EasySwoole\Actor\ActorConfig; class RoomActor extends AbstractActor { public static function configure(ActorConfig $actorConfig) { $actorConfig->setActorName('Room'); } public function onStart() { //每當(dāng)一個RoomActor實體被創(chuàng)建的時候,都會執(zhí)行該回調(diào) var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' start'); } public function onMessage($msg) { //每當(dāng)一個RoomActor實體收到外部消息的時候,都會執(zhí)行該回調(diào)當(dāng) var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' onmessage: '.$msg); return 'reply at '.time(); } public function onExit($arg) { //每當(dāng)一個RoomActor實體退出的時候,都會執(zhí)行該回調(diào) var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' exit at arg: '.$arg); return 'exit at '.time(); } protected function onException(\Throwable $throwable) { //每當(dāng)一個RoomActor出現(xiàn)異常的時候,都會執(zhí)行該回調(diào) var_dump($throwable->getMessage()); } }
在cli模式下創(chuàng)建一個Actor服務(wù)
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor; use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor; use EasySwoole\Actor\ProxyProcess; Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class); $list = Actor::getInstance()->generateProcess(); foreach ($list['proxy'] as $proxy){ /** @var ProxyProcess $proxy */ $proxy->getProcess()->start(); } foreach ($list['worker'] as $actors){ foreach ($actors as $actorProcess){ /** @var ProxyProcess $actorProcess */ $actorProcess->getProcess()->start(); } } while($ret = \Swoole\Process::wait()) { echo "PID={$ret['pid']}\n"; }
創(chuàng)建一個cli測試腳本
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor; use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor; Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class); go(function (){ $actorId = RoomActor::client()->create('create arg1'); var_dump($actorId); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->send($actorId,'this is msg')); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exit($actorId,'this is exit arg')); \co::sleep(3); RoomActor::client()->create('create arg2'); \co::sleep(3); RoomActor::client()->create('create arg3'); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->sendAll('sendAll msg')); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->status()); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exitAll('sendAll exit')); });
以上代碼執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:
服務(wù)端
php test.php string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 start" string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 onmessage: this is msg" string(64) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 exit at arg: this is exit arg" string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 start" string(40) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 start" string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 onmessage: sendAll msg" string(57) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 onmessage: sendAll msg" string(60) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 exit at arg: sendAll exit" string(60) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 exit at arg: sendAll exit"
客戶端
php test2.php string(23) "00101000000000000000001" string(19) "reply at 1559623925" string(18) "exit at 1559623928" bool(true) array(3) { [1]=> int(1) [2]=> int(0) [3]=> int(1) } bool(true)
更多細(xì)節(jié)可以在EasySwoole項目官網(wǎng)得到文檔支持 http://easyswoole.com/
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