Spring Boot整合Spring Cache及Redis過程解析

更新時(shí)間：2019年12月10日 16:54:27 作者：晨M風(fēng)

這篇文章主要介紹了Spring Boot整合Spring Cache及Redis過程解析,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

1.安裝redis

a.由于官方是沒有Windows版的，所以我們需要下載微軟開發(fā)的redis，網(wǎng)址：

https://github.com/MicrosoftArchive/redis/releases

b.解壓后，在redis根目錄打開cmd界面，輸入：redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf，啟動(dòng)redis（關(guān)閉cmd窗口即停止）

2.使用

a.創(chuàng)建SpringBoot工程，選擇maven依賴

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    .....
  </dependencies>

b.配置 application.yml 配置文件

server:
 port: 8080
spring:
 # redis相關(guān)配置
 redis:
  database: 0
  host: localhost
  port: 6379
  password:
  jedis:
   pool:
    # 連接池最大連接數(shù)（使用負(fù)值表示沒有限制）
    max-active: 8
    # 連接池最大阻塞等待時(shí)間（使用負(fù)值表示沒有限制）
    max-wait: -1ms
    # 連接池中的最大空閑連接
    max-idle: 5
    # 連接池中的最小空閑連接
    min-idle: 0
    # 連接超時(shí)時(shí)間（毫秒）默認(rèn)是2000ms
  timeout: 2000ms
 # thymeleaf熱更新
 thymeleaf:
  cache: false

c.創(chuàng)建RedisConfig配置類

@Configuration
@EnableCaching //開啟緩存
public class RedisConfig {

  /**
   * 緩存管理器
   * @param redisConnectionFactory
   * @return
   */
  @Bean
  public RedisCacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
    // 生成一個(gè)默認(rèn)配置，通過config對象即可對緩存進(jìn)行自定義配置
    RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
    // 設(shè)置緩存的默認(rèn)過期時(shí)間，也是使用Duration設(shè)置
    config = config.entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(30))
        // 設(shè)置 key為string序列化
        .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()))
        // 設(shè)置value為json序列化
        .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer()))
        // 不緩存空值
        .disableCachingNullValues();

    // 對每個(gè)緩存空間應(yīng)用不同的配置
    Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> configMap = new HashMap<>();
    configMap.put("userCache", config.entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(60)));

    // 使用自定義的緩存配置初始化一個(gè)cacheManager
    RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(redisConnectionFactory)
        //默認(rèn)配置
        .cacheDefaults(config)
        // 特殊配置（一定要先調(diào)用該方法設(shè)置初始化的緩存名，再初始化相關(guān)的配置）
        .initialCacheNames(configMap.keySet())
        .withInitialCacheConfigurations(configMap)
        .build();
    return cacheManager;
  }

  /**
   * Redis模板類redisTemplate
   * @param factory
   * @return
   */
  @Bean
  public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
    RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
    template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
    // key采用String的序列化方式
    template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    // hash的key也采用String的序列化方式
    template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    // value序列化方式采用jackson
    template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
    // hash的value序列化方式采用jackson
    template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
    return template;
  }

  /**
   * json序列化
   * @return
   */
  private RedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
    //使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的value值
    Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class);
    //json轉(zhuǎn)對象類，不設(shè)置默認(rèn)的會(huì)將json轉(zhuǎn)成hashmap
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
    mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
    serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
    return serializer;
  }
}

d.創(chuàng)建entity實(shí)體類

public class User implements Serializable {

  private int id;
  private String userName;
  private String userPwd;

  public User(){}

  public User(int id, String userName, String userPwd) {
    this.id = id;
    this.userName = userName;
    this.userPwd = userPwd;
  }

  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
  }

  public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
  }

  public String getUserPwd() {
    return userPwd;
  }

  public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
    this.userPwd = userPwd;
  }

}

e.創(chuàng)建Service

@Service
public class UserService {

  //查詢：先查緩存是是否有，有則直接取緩存中數(shù)據(jù)，沒有則運(yùn)行方法中的代碼并緩存
  @Cacheable(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #userId")
  public User getUser(int userId) {
    System.out.println("執(zhí)行此方法，說明沒有緩存");
    return new User(userId, "用戶名(get)_" + userId, "密碼_" + userId);
  }

  //添加：運(yùn)行方法中的代碼并緩存
  @CachePut(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #user.id")
  public User addUser(User user){
    int userId = user.getId();
    System.out.println("添加緩存");
    return new User(userId, "用戶名(add)_" + userId, "密碼_" + userId);
  }

  //刪除：刪除緩存
  @CacheEvict(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #userId")
  public boolean deleteUser(int userId){
    System.out.println("刪除緩存");
    return true;
  }

  @Cacheable(value = "common", key = "'common:user:' + #userId")
  public User getCommonUser(int userId) {
    System.out.println("執(zhí)行此方法，說明沒有緩存（測試公共配置是否生效）");
    return new User(userId, "用戶名(common)_" + userId, "密碼_" + userId);
  }

}

f.創(chuàng)建Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

  @Resource
  private UserService userService;

  @RequestMapping("/getUser")
  public User getUser(int userId) {
    return userService.getUser(userId);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/addUser")
  public User addUser(User user){
    return userService.addUser(user);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/deleteUser")
  public boolean deleteUser(int userId){
    return userService.deleteUser(userId);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/getCommonUser")
  public User getCommonUser(int userId) {
    return userService.getCommonUser(userId);
  }

}

@Controller
public class HomeController {
  //默認(rèn)頁面
  @RequestMapping("/")
  public String login() {
    return "test";
  }

}

g.在 templates 目錄下，寫書 test.html 頁面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>test</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    .row{
      margin:10px 0px;
    }
    .col{
      display: inline-block;
      margin:0px 5px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
  <h1>測試</h1>
  <div class="row">
    <label>用戶ID：</label><input id="userid-input" type="text" name="userid"/>
  </div>
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col">
      <button id="getuser-btn">獲取用戶</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="adduser-btn">添加用戶</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="deleteuser-btn">刪除用戶</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="getcommonuser-btn">獲取用戶(common)</button>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="result-div"></div>
</div>
</body>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
  $(function() {
    $("#getuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/getUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#adduser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/addUser",
        data: {
          id: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#deleteuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/deleteUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text(data);
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#getcommonuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/getCommonUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系統(tǒng)錯(cuò)誤！");
        },
      })
    });
  });
</script>
</html>

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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