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Spring Boot集成Ehcache緩存解決方式

 更新時(shí)間:2019年12月30日 09:00:15   作者:wx5d9ed7c8443c3  
在本篇文章里小編給大家整理的是關(guān)于Spring Boot集成Ehcache緩存解決方式,需要的朋友們可以學(xué)習(xí)下。

本次內(nèi)容主要介紹基于Ehcache 3.0來快速實(shí)現(xiàn)Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序的數(shù)據(jù)緩存功能。在Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序中,我們可以通過Spring Caching來快速搞定數(shù)據(jù)緩存。

接下來我們將介紹如何在三步之內(nèi)搞定 Spring Boot 緩存。

1. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Spring Boot工程

你所創(chuàng)建的Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序的maven依賴文件至少應(yīng)該是下面的樣子:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>
 <groupId>com.ramostear</groupId>
 <artifactId>cache</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <name>cache</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <properties>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.ehcache</groupId>
   <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>javax.cache</groupId>
   <artifactId>cache-api</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
   <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>

</project>

依賴說明:

  • spring-boot-starter-cache為Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序提供緩存支持
  • ehcache提供了Ehcache的緩存實(shí)現(xiàn)
  • cache-api 提供了基于JSR-107的緩存規(guī)范

2. 配置Ehcache緩存

現(xiàn)在,需要告訴Spring Boot去哪里找緩存配置文件,這需要在Spring Boot配置文件中進(jìn)行設(shè)置:

spring.cache.jcache.config=classpath:ehcache.xml

然后使用@EnableCaching注解開啟Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序緩存功能,你可以在應(yīng)用主類中進(jìn)行操作:

package com.ramostear.cache;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class CacheApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CacheApplication.class, args);
 }
}

接下來,需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè) ehcache 的配置文件,該文件放置在類路徑下,如resources目錄下:

<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.ehcache.org/v3"
    xmlns:jsr107="http://www.ehcache.org/v3/jsr107"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
      http://www.ehcache.org/v3 http://www.ehcache.org/schema/ehcache-core-3.0.xsd
      http://www.ehcache.org/v3/jsr107 http://www.ehcache.org/schema/ehcache-107-ext-3.0.xsd">
  <service>
    <jsr107:defaults enable-statistics="true"/>
  </service>

  <cache alias="person">
    <key-type>java.lang.Long</key-type>
    <value-type>com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person</value-type>
    <expiry>
      <ttl unit="minutes">1</ttl>
    </expiry>
    <listeners>
      <listener>
        <class>com.ramostear.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger</class>
        <event-firing-mode>ASYNCHRONOUS</event-firing-mode>
        <event-ordering-mode>UNORDERED</event-ordering-mode>
        <events-to-fire-on>CREATED</events-to-fire-on>
        <events-to-fire-on>UPDATED</events-to-fire-on>
        <events-to-fire-on>EXPIRED</events-to-fire-on>
        <events-to-fire-on>REMOVED</events-to-fire-on>
        <events-to-fire-on>EVICTED</events-to-fire-on>
      </listener>
    </listeners>
    <resources>
        <heap unit="entries">2000</heap>
        <offheap unit="MB">100</offheap>
    </resources>
  </cache>
</config>

最后,還需要定義個(gè)緩存事件監(jiān)聽器,用于記錄系統(tǒng)操作緩存數(shù)據(jù)的情況,最快的方法是實(shí)現(xiàn)CacheEventListener接口:

package com.ramostear.cache.config;

import org.ehcache.event.CacheEvent;
import org.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * @author ramostear
 * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:48
 * @modify by :
 * @since:
 */
public class PersonCacheEventLogger implements CacheEventListener<Object,Object>{

  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PersonCacheEventLogger.class);

  @Override
  public void onEvent(CacheEvent cacheEvent) {
    logger.info("person caching event {} {} {} {}",
        cacheEvent.getType(),
        cacheEvent.getKey(),
        cacheEvent.getOldValue(),
        cacheEvent.getNewValue());
  }
}

3. 使用@Cacheable注解

要讓Spring Boot能夠緩存我們的數(shù)據(jù),還需要使用@Cacheable注解對業(yè)務(wù)方法進(jìn)行注釋,告訴Spring Boot該方法中產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)需要加入到緩存中:

package com.ramostear.cache.service;

import com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @author ramostear
 * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:51
 * @modify by :
 * @since:
 */
@Service(value = "personService")
public class PersonService {

  @Cacheable(cacheNames = "person",key = "#id")
  public Person getPerson(Long id){
    Person person = new Person(id,"ramostear","ramostear@163.com");
    return person;
  }
}

通過以上三個(gè)步驟,我們就完成了Spring Boot的緩存功能。接下來,我們將測試一下緩存的實(shí)際情況。

4. 緩存測試

為了測試我們的應(yīng)用程序,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)簡單的Restful端點(diǎn),它將調(diào)用PersonService返回一個(gè)Person對象:

package com.ramostear.cache.controller;

import com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person;
import com.ramostear.cache.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author ramostear
 * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:54
 * @modify by :
 * @since:
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/persons")
public class PersonController {

  @Autowired
  private PersonService personService;

  @GetMapping("/{id}")
  public ResponseEntity<Person> person(@PathVariable(value = "id") Long id){
    return new ResponseEntity<>(personService.getPerson(id), HttpStatus.OK);
  }
}

Person是一個(gè)簡單的POJO類:

package com.ramostear.cache.entity;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author ramostear
 * @create-time 2019/4/7 0007-0:45
 * @modify by :
 * @since:
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Person implements Serializable{

  private Long id;

  private String username;

  private String email;
}

以上準(zhǔn)備工作都完成后,讓我們編譯并運(yùn)行應(yīng)用程序。項(xiàng)目成功啟動(dòng)后,使用瀏覽器打開:http://localhost:8080/persons/1 ,你將在瀏覽器頁面中看到如下的信息:

{"id":1,"username":"ramostear","email":ramostear@163.com}

此時(shí)在觀察控制臺(tái)輸出的日志信息:

1. 2019-04-07 01:08:01.001 INFO 6704 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] 
o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet    : Completed 
initialization in 5 ms
2. 2019-04-07 01:08:01.054 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-0] 
c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event 
CREATED 1 null com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@ba8a729

由于我們是第一次請求API,沒有任何緩存數(shù)據(jù)。因此,Ehcache創(chuàng)建了一條緩存數(shù)據(jù),可以通過CREATED看一了解到。

我們在ehcache.xml文件中將緩存過期時(shí)間設(shè)置成了1分鐘(1),因此在一分鐘之內(nèi)我們刷新瀏覽器,不會(huì)看到有新的日志輸出,一分鐘之后,緩存過期,我們再次刷新瀏覽器,將看到如下的日志輸出:

1. 2019-04-07 01:09:28.612 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-1]
c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event
EXPIRED 1 com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@a9f3c57 null
2. 2019-04-07 01:09:28.612 INFO 6704 --- [e [_default_]-1]
c.r.cache.config.PersonCacheEventLogger : person caching event
CREATED 1 null com.ramostear.cache.entity.Person@416900ce
第一條日志提示緩存已經(jīng)過期,第二條日志提示Ehcache重新創(chuàng)建了一條緩存數(shù)據(jù)。

結(jié)束語

在本次案例中,通過簡單的三個(gè)步驟,講解了基于 Ehcache 的 Spring Boot 應(yīng)用程序緩存實(shí)現(xiàn)。

以上就是本次介紹的全部知識(shí)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,感謝大家的學(xué)習(xí)和對腳本之家的支持。

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