@Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    GLSurfaceView glSurfaceView = new GLSurfaceView(this);
    glSurfaceView.setRenderer(new GLSurfaceView.Renderer() {
      @Override
      public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {

      }

      @Override
      public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {

      }

      @Override
      public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {

      }
    });
    setContentView(glSurfaceView);
  }

<uses-feature android:glEsVersion="0x00020000" android:required="true" />

public class OneGlSurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
  private final OneGlRenderer mRenderer;
  public OneGlSurfaceView(Context context) {
    super(context);
    // Create an OpenGL ES 2.0 context
    setEGLContextClientVersion(2);

    mRenderer = new OneGlRenderer();

    // Set the Renderer for drawing on the GLSurfaceView
    setRenderer(mRenderer);
  }
}

public class OneGlRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
  public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 unused, EGLConfig config) {
    // Set the background frame color
    GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
  }

  public void onDrawFrame(GL10 unused) {
    // Redraw background color
    GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
  }

  public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 unused, int width, int height) {
    GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
  }
}

public class OneOpenGlActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    OneGlSurfaceView glSurfaceView = new OneGlSurfaceView(this);
    setContentView(glSurfaceView);
  }
}

public class Triangle {

  private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;

  // number of coordinates per vertex in this array
  static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
  static float triangleCoords[] = {  // in counterclockwise order:
       0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top
      -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom left
       0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f // bottom right
  };

  // Set color with red, green, blue and alpha (opacity) values
  float color[] = { 255, 0, 0, 1.0f };

  public Triangle() {
    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*4，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)float占4個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(triangleCoords.length * 4);
    // 數(shù)組排列用nativeOrder
    bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    // 從ByteBuffer創(chuàng)建一個(gè)浮點(diǎn)緩沖區(qū)
    vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
    // 將坐標(biāo)添加到FloatBuffer
    vertexBuffer.put(triangleCoords);
    // 設(shè)置緩沖區(qū)來讀取第一個(gè)坐標(biāo)
    vertexBuffer.position(0);
  }
}

public class Square {

  private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
  private ShortBuffer drawListBuffer;

  // number of coordinates per vertex in this array
  static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
  static float squareCoords[] = {
      -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,  // top left
      -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // bottom left
       0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // bottom right
       0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; // top right

  private short drawOrder[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; // order to draw vertices

  public Square() {
    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*4，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)float占4個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(squareCoords.length * 4);
    bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
    vertexBuffer.put(squareCoords);
    vertexBuffer.position(0);

    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*2，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)short占2個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(drawOrder.length * 2);
    dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    drawListBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
    drawListBuffer.put(drawOrder);
    drawListBuffer.position(0);
  }
}

private IntBuffer intBufferUtil(int[] arr)
  {
    IntBuffer mBuffer;
    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*4，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)int占4個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer qbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(arr.length * 4);
    // 數(shù)組排列用nativeOrder
    qbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    mBuffer = qbb.asIntBuffer();
    mBuffer.put(arr);
    mBuffer.position(0);
    return mBuffer;
  }

private FloatBuffer floatBufferUtil(float[] arr)
  {
    FloatBuffer mBuffer;
    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*4，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)int占4個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer qbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(arr.length * 4);
    // 數(shù)組排列用nativeOrder
    qbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    mBuffer = qbb.asFloatBuffer();
    mBuffer.put(arr);
    mBuffer.position(0);
    return mBuffer;
  }

private ShortBuffer shortBufferUtil(short[] arr){
    ShortBuffer mBuffer;
    // 初始化ByteBuffer，長(zhǎng)度為arr數(shù)組的長(zhǎng)度*2，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)short占2個(gè)字節(jié)
    ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(
        // (# of coordinate values * 2 bytes per short)
        arr.length * 2);
    dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
    mBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
    mBuffer.put(arr);
    mBuffer.position(0);
    return mBuffer;
  }

private Triangle mTriangle;
  private Square  mSquare;
  public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 unused, EGLConfig config) {
    // 設(shè)置背景顏色
    GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    // 初始化triangle
    mTriangle = new Triangle();
    // 初始化 square
    mSquare = new Square();
  }

public class Triangle {

  private final String vertexShaderCode =
    "attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
    "void main() {" +
    " gl_Position = vPosition;" +
    "}";

  private final String fragmentShaderCode =
    "precision mediump float;" +
    "uniform vec4 vColor;" +
    "void main() {" +
    " gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
    "}";

  ...
}

public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode){

    // 創(chuàng)造頂點(diǎn)著色器類型(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
    // 或者是片段著色器類型 (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
    int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);
    // 添加上面編寫的著色器代碼并編譯它
    GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
    GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
    return shader;
  }

private final int mProgram;
public Triangle() {
    ... ...//數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換
    int vertexShader = OneGlRenderer.loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER,
        vertexShaderCode);
    int fragmentShader = OneGlRenderer.loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER,
        fragmentShaderCode);

    // 創(chuàng)建空的OpenGL ES程序
    mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram();

    // 添加頂點(diǎn)著色器到程序中
    GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader);

    // 添加片段著色器到程序中
    GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader);

    // 創(chuàng)建OpenGL ES程序可執(zhí)行文件
    GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram);
  }

private int mPositionHandle;
  private int mColorHandle;

  private final int vertexCount = triangleCoords.length / COORDS_PER_VERTEX;
  private final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4; // 4 bytes per vertex

  public void draw() {
    // 將程序添加到OpenGL ES環(huán)境
    GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);

    // 獲取頂點(diǎn)著色器的位置的句柄
    mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");

    // 啟用三角形頂點(diǎn)位置的句柄
    GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);

    //準(zhǔn)備三角形坐標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)
    GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
        GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
        vertexStride, vertexBuffer);

    // 獲取片段著色器的顏色的句柄
    mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");

    // 設(shè)置繪制三角形的顏色
    GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);

    // 繪制三角形
    GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);

    // 禁用頂點(diǎn)數(shù)組
    GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
  }

public void onDrawFrame(GL10 unused) {
    mTriangle.draw();
  }

Matrix.orthoM (float[] m,      //接收正交投影的變換矩陣
        int mOffset,    //變換矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）
        float left,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的左邊距
        float right,    //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的右邊距
        float bottom,    //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的下邊距
        float top,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的上邊距
        float near,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面距離
        float far)     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)面距離

Matrix.frustumM (float[] m,     //接收透視投影的變換矩陣
        int mOffset,    //變換矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）
        float left,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的左邊距
        float right,    //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的右邊距
        float bottom,    //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的下邊距
        float top,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面的上邊距
        float near,     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)近面距離
        float far)     //相對(duì)觀察點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)面距離

Matrix.setLookAtM (float[] rm,   //接收相機(jī)變換矩陣
        int rmOffset,    //變換矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）
        float eyeX,float eyeY, float eyeZ,  //相機(jī)位置
        float centerX,float centerY,float centerZ, //觀察點(diǎn)位置
        float upX,float upY,float upZ) //up向量在xyz上的分量

Matrix.multiplyMM (float[] result, //接收相乘結(jié)果
        int resultOffset, //接收矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）
        float[] lhs,    //左矩陣
        int lhsOffset,   //左矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）
        float[] rhs,    //右矩陣
        int rhsOffset)   //右矩陣的起始位置（偏移量）

// mMVPMatrix is an abbreviation for "Model View Projection Matrix"
  private final float[] mMVPMatrix = new float[16];
  private final float[] mProjectionMatrix = new float[16];
  private final float[] mViewMatrix = new float[16];
  public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 unused, int width, int height) {
    GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

    float ratio = (float) width / height;

    // 這個(gè)投影矩陣被應(yīng)用于對(duì)象坐標(biāo)在onDrawFrame（）方法中
    Matrix.frustumM(mProjectionMatrix, 0, -ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 3, 7);
  }

@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 unused) {
  ...
  // Set the camera position (View matrix)
  Matrix.setLookAtM(mViewMatrix, 0, 0, 0, -3, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

  // Calculate the projection and view transformation
  Matrix.multiplyMM(mMVPMatrix, 0, mProjectionMatrix, 0, mViewMatrix, 0);

  // Draw shape
  mTriangle.draw(mMVPMatrix);
}

public class Triangle {

  private final String vertexShaderCode =
    // This matrix member variable provides a hook to manipulate
    // the coordinates of the objects that use this vertex shader
    "uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix;" +
    "attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
    "void main() {" +
    // the matrix must be included as a modifier of gl_Position
    // Note that the uMVPMatrix factor *must be first* in order
    // for the matrix multiplication product to be correct.
    " gl_Position = uMVPMatrix * vPosition;" +
    "}";

  // Use to access and set the view transformation
  private int mMVPMatrixHandle;

  ...
}

public void draw(float[] mvpMatrix){
    ... ...
    // 得到形狀的變換矩陣的句柄
    mMVPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVPMatrix");

    // 將投影和視圖轉(zhuǎn)換傳遞給著色器
    GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, mvpMatrix, 0);

    // 畫三角形
    GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);

    // 禁用頂點(diǎn)數(shù)組
    GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
  }

private float[] mRotationMatrix = new float[16];
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
  float[] scratch = new float[16];

  ...

  // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)矩陣
  long time = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() % 4000L;
  float angle = 0.090f * ((int) time);
  Matrix.setRotateM(mRotationMatrix, 0, angle, 0, 0, -1.0f);

  // 將旋轉(zhuǎn)矩陣與投影和相機(jī)視圖組合在一起
  // Note that the mMVPMatrix factor *must be first* in order
  // for the matrix multiplication product to be correct.
  Matrix.multiplyMM(scratch, 0, mMVPMatrix, 0, mRotationMatrix, 0);

  // Draw triangle
  mTriangle.draw(scratch);
}

private final String vertexShaderCode =
      "attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
          "uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix;"+
          "varying vec4 vColor;"+
          "attribute vec4 aColor;"+
          "void main() {" +
          " gl_Position = uMVPMatrix*vPosition;" +
          " vColor=aColor;"+
          "}";

  private final String fragmentShaderCode =
      "precision mediump float;" +
          "varying vec4 vColor;" +
          "void main() {" +
          " gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
          "}";

float color[] = {
      1.0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f ,
      0f, 1.0f, 0f, 1.0f ,
      0f, 0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
  };
    public Triangle() {
      ... ...
     ByteBuffer dd = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(
          color.length * 4);
      dd.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
      colorBuffer = dd.asFloatBuffer();
      colorBuffer.put(color);
      colorBuffer.position(0);
    }

public void draw(float[] mvpMatrix){
    ... ... 
     /* // 獲取片段著色器的vColor成員的句柄
    mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");

    // 設(shè)置繪制三角形的顏色
    GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, colorBuffer, 0);*/

    //獲取片元著色器的vColor成員的句柄
    mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aColor");
    //設(shè)置繪制三角形的顏色
    GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mColorHandle);
    GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mColorHandle,4,
        GLES20.GL_FLOAT,false,
        0,colorBuffer);
        ... ...
        }