使用C++實現(xiàn)迷宮游戲

更新時間：2020年03月23日 08:43:37 作者：Viitasca

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了C++實現(xiàn)迷宮游戲，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

迷宮游戲就是玩家在地圖中移動，移動至終點則游戲結(jié)束。

自己用文本文檔手打了個小地圖，0表示空白，1表示墻，文件名隨意，我改成了map.MapData。然后程序里定義一個全局變量char Map[MapLenX][MapLenY];(長寬自定義)行為X，列為Y。定義char型常量RoadSymbol = '0', WallSymbol = '1', PlayerSymbol = '+'。

本游戲為面向?qū)ο缶帉懙模跃鸵O計一個類。數(shù)據(jù)需要一個坐標和一個bool型儲存是否到達終點。所以自定義了個結(jié)構(gòu)體儲存坐標

struct point
{
 int x, y;
};

還需要構(gòu)造函數(shù)，析構(gòu)函數(shù)，然后寫個移動的函數(shù)PlayerMove()，再寫個判斷是否到達終點的函數(shù)CheckIfWin()。每走完一步就要刷新屏幕，所以還需要寫個函數(shù)Refresh()，然后PlayerActor類就完成了。

class PlayerActor
{
public:
 point m_Location;
 bool m_IfWin;
 PlayerActor();
 ~PlayerActor();
 void PlayerMove(int _Direc);
 void Refresh(void);
 void CheckIfWin(void);
};

構(gòu)造函數(shù)析構(gòu)函數(shù)先不著急，先定義一下PlayerMove()。思路是先判斷是否可移動。若能，當前位置的地圖標記設為RoadSymbol，移動即更新坐標，新坐標位置在地圖上標記為PlayerSymbol，刷新畫面，判斷輸贏。Refresh()思路為先用system("cls")清屏，然后逐行打印。若地圖上某點為RoadSymbol輸出空格， WallSymbol輸出'*'， PlayerSymbol輸出'+'。

接下來定義玩家起始位置和終點PlayerStart和PlayerEnd并初始化。main函數(shù)大體流程如下：讀入地圖，實例化PlayerActor，當!m_IfWin時接收鍵盤按鍵來移動，當m_IfWIn時彈出提示框并結(jié)束。所以還需要一個全局函數(shù)PlayerControl來接收按鍵并調(diào)用PlayerMove()。

至此，構(gòu)造函數(shù)的流程也明確了。初始化m_IfWin和m_Location，在地圖上表明玩家位置和重點位置，刷新屏幕，沒了。然后再把能定義為常量的都定位常量，修改一下細節(jié)，就能得到一個簡陋的走迷宮游戲了。

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include"conio.h"
#include"windows.h"
/////////////////////////
struct point
{
 int x, y;
};
 
///////////////////////
 
const point PlayerStart = {10, 2};
const point PlayerEnd = {2, 10};
 
const int MapLenX = 11, MapLenY = 10;
const char EndSymbol = '#', PlayerSymbol = '+', WallSymbol = '1', RoadSymbol = '0';
char Map[MapLenX][MapLenY];
 
const int MoveX[4] = {-1, 1, 0, 0}, MoveY[4] = {0, 0, -1, 1};  //// UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT
const int _UP = 0, _DOWN = 1, _LEFT = 2, _RIGHT = 3;
 
///////// CLASS ///////////////
 
class PlayerActor
{
public:
 point m_Location;
 bool m_IfWin;
 PlayerActor();
 ~PlayerActor();
 void PlayerMove(int _Direc);
 void Refresh(void);
 void CheckIfWin(void);
};
 
/////////// MEMBER FUNCTIONS /////////////
 
PlayerActor::PlayerActor()
{
 m_IfWin = false;
 this-> m_Location.x = PlayerStart.x;
 this-> m_Location.y = PlayerStart.y;
 Map[this-> m_Location.x][this-> m_Location.y] = PlayerSymbol;
 Map[PlayerEnd.x][PlayerEnd.y] = EndSymbol;
 PlayerActor::Refresh();
}
 
PlayerActor::~PlayerActor()
{
 
}
 
void PlayerActor::PlayerMove(int _Direct)
{
 if ( Map[this-> m_Location.x+MoveX[_Direct]][this-> m_Location.y+MoveY[_Direct]] == RoadSymbol
 || Map[this-> m_Location.x+MoveX[_Direct]][this-> m_Location.y+MoveY[_Direct]] == EndSymbol )/////// JUDGE IF CAN MOVE
 {
  Map[this-> m_Location.x][this-> m_Location.y] = RoadSymbol;
  this-> m_Location.x += MoveX[_Direct];
  this-> m_Location.y += MoveY[_Direct];
  Map[this-> m_Location.x][this-> m_Location.y] = PlayerSymbol;
  PlayerActor::Refresh();
  PlayerActor::CheckIfWin();
 }
}
 
void PlayerActor::Refresh(void)
{
 system("cls");  //////CLEAR SCREEN
 for (int i=1; i<=MapLenX; i++)
 {
  for (int j=1; j<=MapLenY; j++)
  {
   if (Map[i][j] == RoadSymbol)
    printf(" ");
   else if (Map[i][j] == WallSymbol)
    printf("* ");
   else if (Map[i][j] == '+')
    printf("%c ", PlayerSymbol);
   else if (Map[i][j] == EndSymbol)
    printf("%c ",EndSymbol);
  }
  printf("\n");
 }
}
 
void PlayerActor::CheckIfWin(void)
{
 if (this-> m_Location.x == PlayerEnd.x && this-> m_Location.y == PlayerEnd.y)
  m_IfWin = true;
}
 
///////////// GLOBAL FUNCTION ////////////////
 
void PlayerControl(PlayerActor* Player, int _KEY)
{
 switch (_KEY)
 {
  case 119 : Player->PlayerMove(_UP); //// w 119
   break;
  case 115 : Player->PlayerMove(_DOWN); ///////s 115
   break;
  case 97 : Player->PlayerMove(_LEFT); //// a 97
   break;
  case 100 : Player->PlayerMove(_RIGHT); //// d 100
   break;
  default:
   break;
 }
}
 
//////// MAIN FUNCTION ///////////
 
int main()
{
 ///////// READ MAP /////////////
 freopen("map.MapData", "r", stdin);
 for (int i=1; i<=MapLenX; i++)
 {
  for (int j=1; j<=MapLenY; j++)
  {
   std::cin >> Map[i][j];
  }
 }
 //// CREATE PLAYERACTOR ////
 PlayerActor* Player = new PlayerActor;
 while (!Player->m_IfWin)
 {
  PlayerControl(Player, _getch());
 }
 system("cls");
 MessageBox(NULL, "You Win!", "Congratulations!", MB_OK);
 delete Player;
 return 0;
}

地圖map.MapData: