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基于vue實(shí)現(xiàn)探探滑動(dòng)組件功能

更新時(shí)間：2020年05月29日 10:09:18 作者：javascript癡癡

這篇文章主要介紹了基于vue實(shí)現(xiàn)探探滑動(dòng)組件功能,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

前言

嗨，說起探探想必各位程序汪都不陌生(畢竟妹子很多)，能在上面絲滑的翻牌子，探探的的堆疊滑動(dòng)組件起到了關(guān)鍵的作用，下面就來看看如何用vue寫一個(gè)探探的堆疊組件 ?

一. 功能分析

簡(jiǎn)單使用下探探會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，堆疊滑動(dòng)的功能很簡(jiǎn)單，用一張圖概括就是:

簡(jiǎn)單歸納下里面包含的基本功能點(diǎn):

圖片的堆疊
圖片第一張的滑動(dòng)
條件成功后的滑出，條件失敗后的回彈
滑出后下一張圖片堆疊到頂部

體驗(yàn)優(yōu)化

根據(jù)觸摸點(diǎn)的不同，滑動(dòng)時(shí)首圖有不同角度偏移

偏移面積判定是否成功滑出

二. 具體實(shí)現(xiàn)

有了歸納好的功能點(diǎn)，我們實(shí)現(xiàn)組件的思路會(huì)更清晰

1. 堆疊效果

堆疊圖片效果在網(wǎng)上有大量的實(shí)例，實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法大同小異，主要通過在父層設(shè)定perspective及perspective-origin，來實(shí)現(xiàn)子層的透視，子層設(shè)定好translate3d Z軸數(shù)值即可模擬出堆疊效果，具體代碼如下

// 圖片堆疊dom
 <!--opacity: 0 隱藏我們不想看到的stack-item層級(jí)-->
 <!--z-index: -1 調(diào)整stack-item層級(jí)"-->
<ul class="stack">
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 1;z-index: 10;"><img src="1.png" alt="01"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -60px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="2.png" alt="02"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -120px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="3.png" alt="03"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="4.png" alt="04"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="5.png" alt="05"></li>
</ul>
<style>
.stack {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  position: relative;
  perspective: 1000px; //子元素視距
  perspective-origin: 50% 150%; //子元素透視位置
  -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
  -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 150%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
 }
 .stack-item{
  background: #fff;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-align: center;
  overflow: hidden;
 }
 .stack-item img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  pointer-events: none;
 }
</style>

上面只是一組靜態(tài)代碼，我們希望得到的是vue組件，所以需要先建立一個(gè)組件模板stack.vue，在模板中我們可以使用v-for，遍歷出stack節(jié)點(diǎn)，使用:style 來修改各個(gè)item的style，代碼如下

<template>
  <ul class="stack">
   <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" :style="[transform(index)]">
    <img :src="item.src">
   </li>
  </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
  // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù)
  pages: {
   type: Array,
   default: []
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù)
   basicdata: {
    currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列
   },
   // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)
   temporaryData: {
    opacity: 1, // 記錄opacity
    zIndex: 10, // 記錄zIndex
    visible: 3 // 記錄默認(rèn)顯示堆疊數(shù)visible
   }
  }
 },
 methods: {
  // 遍歷樣式
  transform (index) {
   if (index >= this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    let visible = this.temporaryData.visible
    let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
    // visible可見數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式
    if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
     style['opacity'] = '1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
     style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    } else {
     style['zIndex'] = '-1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
    }
    return style
   }
  }
 }
}
</script>

關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)

style可以綁定對(duì)象的同時(shí)，也可以綁定數(shù)組和函數(shù)，這在遍歷的時(shí)候很有用

最基本的dom結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)構(gòu)建完畢，下一步是讓首張圖片“動(dòng)”起來

2. 圖片滑動(dòng)

圖片滑動(dòng)效果，在很多場(chǎng)景中都有出現(xiàn)，其原理無非是監(jiān)聽touchs事件，得到位移，再通過translate3D改變目標(biāo)位移，因此我們要實(shí)現(xiàn)的步驟如下

對(duì)stack進(jìn)行touchs事件的綁定
監(jiān)聽并儲(chǔ)存手勢(shì)位置變化的數(shù)值
改變首圖css屬性中translate3D的x，y值

具體實(shí)現(xiàn)

在vue框架中，不建議直接操作節(jié)點(diǎn)，而是通過指令v-on對(duì)元素進(jìn)行綁定，因此我們將綁定都寫在v-for遍歷里，通過index進(jìn)行判斷其是否是首圖，再使用:style修改首頁的樣式，具體代碼如下:

<template>
  <ul class="stack">
   <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
   :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
   @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
   @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
    <img :src="item.src">
   </li>
  </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
  // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù)
  pages: {
   type: Array,
   default: []
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù)
   basicdata: {
    start: {}, // 記錄起始位置
    end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置
    currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列
   },
   // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)
   temporaryData: {
    poswidth: '', // 記錄位移
    posheight: '', // 記錄位移
    tracking: false // 是否在滑動(dòng)，防止多次操作，影響體驗(yàn)
   }
  }
 },
 methods: {
  touchstart (e) {
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
    return
   }
   // 是否為touch
   if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
    if (e.touches.length > 1) {
     this.temporaryData.tracking = false
     return
    } else {
     // 記錄起始位置
     this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
     this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    }
   // pc操作
   } else {
    this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
    this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
    this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
   }
   this.temporaryData.tracking = true
  },
  touchmove (e) {
   // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
    if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    } else {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
    }
    // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
    this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
   }
  },
  touchend (e) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束，觸發(fā)判斷
  },
  // 非首頁樣式切換
  transform (index) {
   if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    let visible = 3
    let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
    // visible可見數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式
    if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
     style['opacity'] = '1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
     style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    } else {
     style['zIndex'] = '-1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
    }
    return style
   }
  },
  // 首頁樣式切換
  transformIndex (index) {
   // 處理3D效果
   if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
    style['opacity'] = 1
    style['zIndex'] = 10
    return style
   }
  }
 }
}
</script>

3. 條件成功后的滑出，條件失敗后的回彈

條件的觸發(fā)判斷是在touchend/mouseup后進(jìn)行，在這里我們先用簡(jiǎn)單的條件進(jìn)行判定，同時(shí)給予首圖彈出及回彈的效果，代碼如下

<template>
  <ul class="stack">
   <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
   :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
   @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
   @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
    <img :src="item.src">
   </li>
  </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
   // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù)
  pages: {
   type: Array,
   default: []
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù)
   basicdata: {
    start: {}, // 記錄起始位置
    end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置
    currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列
   },
   // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)
   temporaryData: {
    poswidth: '', // 記錄位移
    posheight: '', // 記錄位移
    tracking: false, // 是否在滑動(dòng)，防止多次操作，影響體驗(yàn)
    animation: false, // 首圖是否啟用動(dòng)畫效果，默認(rèn)為否
    opacity: 1 // 記錄首圖透明度
   }
  }
 },
 methods: {
  touchstart (e) {
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
    return
   }
   // 是否為touch
   if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
    if (e.touches.length > 1) {
     this.temporaryData.tracking = false
     return
    } else {
     // 記錄起始位置
     this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
     this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    }
   // pc操作
   } else {
    this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
    this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
    this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
   }
   this.temporaryData.tracking = true
   this.temporaryData.animation = false
  },
  touchmove (e) {
   // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
    if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    } else {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
    }
    // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
    this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
   }
  },
  touchend (e) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   this.temporaryData.animation = true
   // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束，觸發(fā)判斷
   // 簡(jiǎn)單判斷滑動(dòng)寬度超出100像素時(shí)觸發(fā)滑出
   if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
    // 最終位移簡(jiǎn)單設(shè)定為x軸200像素的偏移
    let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
    this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
    this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
   // 不滿足條件則滑入
   } else {
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
    this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
   }
  },
  // 非首頁樣式切換
  transform (index) {
   if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    let visible = 3
    let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
    // visible可見數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式
    if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
     style['opacity'] = '1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
     style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    } else {
     style['zIndex'] = '-1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
    }
    return style
   }
  },
  // 首頁樣式切換
  transformIndex (index) {
   // 處理3D效果
   if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
    style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
    style['zIndex'] = 10
    if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    }
    return style
   }
  }
 }
}
</script>

4. 滑出后下一張圖片堆疊到頂部

重新堆疊是組件最后一個(gè)功能，同時(shí)也是最重要和復(fù)雜的功能。在我們的代碼里，stack-item的排序依賴綁定:style的transformIndex和transform函數(shù)，函數(shù)里判定的條件是currentPage，那是不是改變currentPage，讓其+1，即可完成重新堆疊呢？

答案沒有那么簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)槲覀兓鍪莿?dòng)畫效果，會(huì)進(jìn)行300ms的時(shí)間，而currentPage變化引起的重排，會(huì)立即變化，打斷動(dòng)畫的進(jìn)行。因此我們需要先修改transform函數(shù)的排序條件，后改變currentPage。

具體實(shí)現(xiàn)

修改transform函數(shù)排序條件
讓currentPage+1
添加onTransitionEnd事件，在滑出結(jié)束后，重新放置stack列表中

代碼如下：

<template>
  <ul class="stack">
   <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
   :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
   @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
   @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
   @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
   @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"
   @webkit-transition-end="onTransitionEnd"
   @transitionend="onTransitionEnd"
   >
    <img :src="item.src">
   </li>
  </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
  // pages數(shù)據(jù)包含基礎(chǔ)的圖片數(shù)據(jù)
  pages: {
   type: Array,
   default: []
  }
 },
 data () {
  return {
   // basicdata數(shù)據(jù)包含組件基本數(shù)據(jù)
   basicdata: {
    start: {}, // 記錄起始位置
    end: {}, // 記錄終點(diǎn)位置
    currentPage: 0 // 默認(rèn)首圖的序列
   },
   // temporaryData數(shù)據(jù)包含組件臨時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)
   temporaryData: {
    poswidth: '', // 記錄位移
    posheight: '', // 記錄位移
    lastPosWidth: '', // 記錄上次最終位移
    lastPosHeight: '', // 記錄上次最終位移
    tracking: false, // 是否在滑動(dòng)，防止多次操作，影響體驗(yàn)
    animation: false, // 首圖是否啟用動(dòng)畫效果，默認(rèn)為否
    opacity: 1, // 記錄首圖透明度
    swipe: false // onTransition判定條件
   }
  }
 },
 methods: {
  touchstart (e) {
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
    return
   }
   // 是否為touch
   if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
    if (e.touches.length > 1) {
     this.temporaryData.tracking = false
     return
    } else {
     // 記錄起始位置
     this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
     this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    }
   // pc操作
   } else {
    this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
    this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
    this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
    this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
   }
   this.temporaryData.tracking = true
   this.temporaryData.animation = false
  },
  touchmove (e) {
   // 記錄滑動(dòng)位置
   if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
    if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
    } else {
     this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
     this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
    }
    // 計(jì)算滑動(dòng)值
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
    this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
   }
  },
  touchend (e) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   this.temporaryData.animation = true
   // 滑動(dòng)結(jié)束，觸發(fā)判斷
   // 簡(jiǎn)單判斷滑動(dòng)寬度超出100像素時(shí)觸發(fā)滑出
   if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
    // 最終位移簡(jiǎn)單設(shè)定為x軸200像素的偏移
    let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
    this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
    this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
    this.temporaryData.swipe = true
    // 記錄最終滑動(dòng)距離
    this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth
    this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = this.temporaryData.posheight
    // currentPage+1 引發(fā)排序變化
    this.basicdata.currentPage += 1
    // currentPage切換，整體dom進(jìn)行變化，把第一層滑動(dòng)置零
    this.$nextTick(() => {
     this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
     this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
     this.temporaryData.opacity = 1
    })
   // 不滿足條件則滑入
   } else {
    this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
    this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
    this.temporaryData.swipe = false
   }
  },
  onTransitionEnd (index) {
   // dom發(fā)生變化后，正在執(zhí)行的動(dòng)畫滑動(dòng)序列已經(jīng)變?yōu)樯弦粚?
   if (this.temporaryData.swipe && index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
    this.temporaryData.animation = true
    this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = 0
    this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = 0
    this.temporaryData.swipe = false
   }
  },
  // 非首頁樣式切換
  transform (index) {
   if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    let visible = 3
    let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
    // visible可見數(shù)量前滑塊的樣式
    if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
     style['opacity'] = '1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
     style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    } else {
     style['zIndex'] = '-1'
     style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
    }
    return style
   // 已滑動(dòng)模塊釋放后
   } else if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
    let style = {}
    // 繼續(xù)執(zhí)行動(dòng)畫
    style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight + 'px' + ',0px)'
    style['opacity'] = '0'
    style['zIndex'] = '-1'
    style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
    style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    return style
   }
  },
  // 首頁樣式切換
  transformIndex (index) {
   // 處理3D效果
   if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
    let style = {}
    style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
    style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
    style['zIndex'] = 10
    if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
     style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
     style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
    }
    return style
   }
  }
 }
}
</script>

ok~ 完成了上面的四步，堆疊組件的基本功能就已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)，快來看看效果吧