//通過匿名函數(shù)調(diào)用的方式創(chuàng)建Object對象
(function() {

//取得類型的字符串表達形式，（Prototype 學(xué)習(xí)——工具函數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)($方法)）這篇日志里有詳細的說明
function getClass(object) {
return Object.prototype.toString.call(object)
.match(/^\[object\s(.*)\]$/)[1];
}

//繼承方法，非常簡單的類抄寫機制，就是把source里面的所有屬性和方法復(fù)制一份到destination中，如果是引用類型，則source和destination將指向同一個地址
function extend(destination, source) {
for (var property in source)
destination[property] = source[property];
return destination;
}

//返回object的字符串表達形式
function inspect(object) {
try {
if (isUndefined(object)) return 'undefined';
if (object === null) return 'null';
return object.inspect ? object.inspect() : String(object);
} catch (e) {
if (e instanceof RangeError) return '...';
throw e;
}
}

//返回object的JSON（JavaScript Object Notation）
function toJSON(object) {
var type = typeof object;
switch (type) {
case 'undefined':
case 'function':
case 'unknown': return;
case 'boolean': return object.toString();
}

if (object === null) return 'null';
if (object.toJSON) return object.toJSON();
if (isElement(object)) return;

var results = [];
for (var property in object) {
var value = toJSON(object[property]);
if (!isUndefined(value))
results.push(property.toJSON() + ': ' + value);
}

return '{' + results.join(', ') + '}';
}

//返回查詢字符串，例如：param1=value1¶m2=value2
function toQueryString(object) {
return $H(object).toQueryString();
}

//返回HTML字符串
function toHTML(object) {
return object && object.toHTML ? object.toHTML() : String.interpret(object);
}

//取得object的所有key
function keys(object) {
var results = [];
for (var property in object)
results.push(property);
return results;
}

//取得object的所有value
function values(object) {
var results = [];
for (var property in object)
results.push(object[property]);
return results;
}

//把object中的所有屬性和方法拷貝到一個空對象中，并返回
function clone(object) {
return extend({ }, object);
}

//判斷object是不是基本的DOM Element
function isElement(object) {
return !!(object && object.nodeType == 1);
}

//判斷object是否為數(shù)組
function isArray(object) {
return getClass(object) === "Array";
}

//判斷object是否為Prototype 的 Hash 對象
function isHash(object) {
return object instanceof Hash;
}

//判斷object是否為函數(shù)
function isFunction(object) {
return typeof object === "function";
}

//判斷object是否為字符串
function isString(object) {
return getClass(object) === "String";
}

//判斷object是否為數(shù)字
function isNumber(object) {
return getClass(object) === "Number";
}

//判斷object是否已經(jīng)定義
function isUndefined(object) {
return typeof object === "undefined";
}

//返回Object對象
extend(Object, {
extend: extend,
inspect: inspect,
toJSON: toJSON,
toQueryString: toQueryString,
toHTML: toHTML,
keys: keys,
values: values,
clone: clone,
isElement: isElement,
isArray: isArray,
isHash: isHash,
isFunction: isFunction,
isString: isString,
isNumber: isNumber,
isUndefined: isUndefined
});
})();

Object.inspect() // -> 'undefined'
Object.inspect(null) // -> 'null'
Object.inspect(false) // -> 'false'
Object.inspect([1, 2, 3]) // -> '[1, 2, 3]'
Object.inspect('hello') // -> "'hello'"

var data = {name: 'Violet', occupation: 'character', age: 25, pets: ['frog', 'rabbit']};
/* '{"name": "Violet", "occupation": "character", "age": 25, "pets": ["frog","rabbit"]}' */
//在eval返回的JSON字符串時要記住加上括號，否則報錯，這里括號起到強制求值的作用。
//要不然會把JSON字串當(dāng)成復(fù)合語句，里面的（"name":）當(dāng)成Label，然后解析后面的內(nèi)容就會出錯了
var obj=eval('('+Object.toJSON(data)+')');
alert(obj.name);

Object.toQueryString({ action: 'ship', order_id: 123, fees: ['f1', 'f2'], 'label': 'a demo' })
// -> 'action=ship&order_id=123&fees=f1&fees=f2&label=a%20demo'

Object.extend(String, {
interpret: function(value) {
return value == null ? '' : String(value);
},
specialChar: {
'\b': '\\b',
'\t': '\\t',
'\n': '\\n',
'\f': '\\f',
'\r': '\\r',
'\\': '\\\\'
}
});

var Bookmark = Class.create({
initialize: function(name, url) {
this.name = name;
this.url = url;
},
toHTML: function() {
return '<a href="#{url}" href="#{url}">#{name}</a>'.interpolate(this);
}
});
var api = new Bookmark('Prototype API', 'http://prototypejs.org/api');
Object.toHTML(api);
//-> '<a >Prototype API</a>'

Object.keys()
// -> []
Object.keys({ name: 'Prototype', version: 1.5 }).sort()
// -> ['name', 'version']
Object.values()
// -> []
Object.values({ name: 'Prototype', version: 1.5 }).sort()
// -> [1.5, 'Prototype']

var o = { name: 'Prototype', version: 1.5, authors: ['sam', 'contributors'] };
var o2 = Object.clone(o);
o2.version = '1.5 weird';
o2.authors.pop();
o.version // -> 1.5
o2.version // -> '1.5 weird'
o.authors // -> ['sam']
// Ouch! Shallow copy!,注意這里！