ASP.NET Core Authentication認(rèn)證實(shí)現(xiàn)方法

更新時(shí)間：2020年08月13日 14:47:00 作者：lex-wu

這篇文章主要介紹了ASP.NET Core Authentication認(rèn)證實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

追本溯源，從使用開(kāi)始　　

　　首先看一下我們通常是如何使用微軟自帶的認(rèn)證，一般在Startup里面配置我們所需的依賴(lài)認(rèn)證服務(wù)，這里通過(guò)JWT的認(rèn)證方式講解

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
  services.AddAuthentication(authOpt =>
  {
    authOpt.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    authOpt.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
  })
  .AddJwtBearer(o =>
  {
    o.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
    {
      //配置自己所要驗(yàn)證的參數(shù)
      
    };
  });
}

　　我們來(lái)看一下源碼AddAuthentication主要做了什么

public static class AuthenticationServiceCollectionExtensions
 {
  public static AuthenticationBuilder AddAuthentication( this IServiceCollection services, Action<AuthenticationOptions> configureOptions)
  {
   if (services == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (services));
   if (configureOptions == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (configureOptions));
   AuthenticationBuilder authenticationBuilder = services.AddAuthentication();
   services.Configure<AuthenticationOptions>(configureOptions);
   return authenticationBuilder;
  }

  public static AuthenticationBuilder AddAuthentication( this IServiceCollection services)
  {
   if (services == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (services));
   services.AddAuthenticationCore();
   services.AddDataProtection();
   services.AddWebEncoders();
   services.TryAddSingleton<ISystemClock, SystemClock>();
   return new AuthenticationBuilder(services);
  }

  public static AuthenticationBuilder AddAuthentication(
   this IServiceCollection services,
   string defaultScheme)
  {
   return services.AddAuthentication((Action<AuthenticationOptions>) (o => o.DefaultScheme = defaultScheme));
  } 

 .....
}

　　ConfigureServices方法基本都是服務(wù)的注冊(cè)，基于微軟的風(fēng)格，這里的AddAuthenticationCore肯定是我們的認(rèn)證服務(wù)注冊(cè)方法，來(lái)看一下

public static class AuthenticationCoreServiceCollectionExtensions
 {
  /// <summary>
  /// Add core authentication services needed for <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.IAuthenticationService" />.
  /// </summary>  
  public static IServiceCollection AddAuthenticationCore(
   this IServiceCollection services)
  {
   if (services == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (services));
   services.TryAddScoped<IAuthenticationService, AuthenticationService>();
   services.TryAddSingleton<IClaimsTransformation, NoopClaimsTransformation>();
   services.TryAddScoped<IAuthenticationHandlerProvider, AuthenticationHandlerProvider>();
   services.TryAddSingleton<IAuthenticationSchemeProvider, AuthenticationSchemeProvider>();
   return services;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// Add core authentication services needed for <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.IAuthenticationService" />.
  /// </summary>  
  public static IServiceCollection AddAuthenticationCore(
   this IServiceCollection services,
   Action<AuthenticationOptions> configureOptions)
  {
   if (services == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (services));
   if (configureOptions == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (configureOptions));
   services.AddAuthenticationCore();
   services.Configure<AuthenticationOptions>(configureOptions);
   return services;
  }
 }

　　我們看到這里主要注冊(cè)了AuthenticationService, AuthenticationHandlerProvider, AuthenticationSchemeProvider這三個(gè)對(duì)象，如文章開(kāi)頭所說(shuō)，追本溯源，從使用開(kāi)始，我們先看一下這三個(gè)對(duì)象是如何在認(rèn)證體系中使用的，且是如何發(fā)揮作用的。

　　從使用開(kāi)始

　　看一下我們的認(rèn)證管道構(gòu)建

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
  {
    ...
    app.UseAuthentication();
    ...
  }


　public static class AuthAppBuilderExtensions
 {
  public static IApplicationBuilder UseAuthentication( this IApplicationBuilder app)
  {
   if (app == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (app));
   return app.UseMiddleware<AuthenticationMiddleware>();
  }
 }

　　這里使用了約定的注冊(cè)方式UseMiddleware，并且指定使用中間件AuthenticationMiddleware　　

public class AuthenticationMiddleware
 {
  private readonly RequestDelegate _next;

  public AuthenticationMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IAuthenticationSchemeProvider schemes)
  {
   if (next == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (next));
   if (schemes == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (schemes));
   this._next = next;
   this.Schemes = schemes;
  }

  public IAuthenticationSchemeProvider Schemes { get; set; }

  public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
  {
   context.Features.Set<IAuthenticationFeature>((IAuthenticationFeature) new AuthenticationFeature()
   {
    OriginalPath = context.Request.Path,
    OriginalPathBase = context.Request.PathBase
   });
   IAuthenticationHandlerProvider handlers = context.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IAuthenticationHandlerProvider>();
   foreach (AuthenticationScheme authenticationScheme in await this.Schemes.GetRequestHandlerSchemesAsync())
   {
    IAuthenticationRequestHandler handlerAsync = await handlers.GetHandlerAsync(context, authenticationScheme.Name) as IAuthenticationRequestHandler;
    bool flag = handlerAsync != null;
    if (flag)
     flag = await handlerAsync.HandleRequestAsync();
    if (flag)
     return;
   }
   AuthenticationScheme authenticateSchemeAsync = await this.Schemes.GetDefaultAuthenticateSchemeAsync();
   if (authenticateSchemeAsync != null)
   {
    AuthenticateResult authenticateResult = await context.AuthenticateAsync(authenticateSchemeAsync.Name);　　//實(shí)際的認(rèn)證業(yè)務(wù)
    if (authenticateResult?.Principal != null)
     context.User = authenticateResult.Principal;
   }
   await this._next(context);
  }
 }

　　在繼續(xù)往下之前，我們先看一下這個(gè)認(rèn)證中間件的作用結(jié)果，當(dāng)認(rèn)證通過(guò)時(shí)，在HttpContext的User屬性（ClaimPrincipal）賦予身份標(biāo)識(shí)，所以在后續(xù)的請(qǐng)求管道中都是基于認(rèn)證結(jié)果中的身份標(biāo)識(shí)做鑒權(quán)，這個(gè)我們會(huì)在后面的實(shí)際操作中會(huì)提到。

　　言歸正傳，在這里引出了我們的兩個(gè)對(duì)象AuthenticationHandlerProvider,AuthenticationSchemeProvider。

　　重要對(duì)象講解

　　IAuthenticationSchemeProvider

　　從名字來(lái)看，IAuthenticationSchemeProvider的作用應(yīng)該是提供Scheme的，這也是Provider在微軟的風(fēng)格里面起的作用（類(lèi)似于工廠模式）。

　　這個(gè)Scheme是什么呢？很明顯，在Framework時(shí)代，也是有基于不同Scheme驗(yàn)證的，比如Bearer，Cookie，在Aspnet Core中定義不同的Scheme代表著不同的認(rèn)證處理方式，具體體現(xiàn)是在每個(gè)Scheme中包含對(duì)應(yīng)的IAuthenticationHandler類(lèi)型的Handler，由它來(lái)完成跟自身Scheme相關(guān)的認(rèn)證處理。如果沒(méi)有定義會(huì)怎么樣？仔細(xì)看上面這塊源碼，只有當(dāng)AuthenticationScheme不為空時(shí)才會(huì)做認(rèn)證，否則一旦在Controller打上鑒權(quán)標(biāo)簽[Authorize]，將會(huì)直接返回401，所以我們必須指定自己的Scheme。

　　那么我們?cè)谀睦镏付ㄎ覀兊腟cheme類(lèi)似呢？我們先返回到ConfigureService的AddJwtBearer，使用過(guò)的朋友們肯定知道，這里獲取的Scheme是我們?cè)贑onfigureService通過(guò)Addxxx scheme指定的Scheme類(lèi)型。這里我們是使用JWT的

　　在這里指定了TOptions 為JwtBearerOptions，而THandler為JwtBearerHandler。

public virtual AuthenticationBuilder AddScheme<TOptions, THandler>(
   string authenticationScheme,
   string displayName,
   Action<TOptions> configureOptions)
   where TOptions : AuthenticationSchemeOptions, new()
   where THandler : AuthenticationHandler<TOptions>
  {
   return this.AddSchemeHelper<TOptions, THandler>(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);
  }


  private AuthenticationBuilder AddSchemeHelper<TOptions, THandler>(
   string authenticationScheme,
   string displayName,
   Action<TOptions> configureOptions)
   where TOptions : class, new()
   where THandler : class, IAuthenticationHandler
  {
   this.Services.Configure<AuthenticationOptions>((Action<AuthenticationOptions>) (o => o.AddScheme(authenticationScheme, (Action<AuthenticationSchemeBuilder>) (scheme =>
   {
    scheme.HandlerType = typeof (THandler);
    scheme.DisplayName = displayName;
   }))));
   if (configureOptions != null)
    this.Services.Configure<TOptions>(authenticationScheme, configureOptions);
   this.Services.AddTransient<THandler>();
   return this;
  }

　　注意這里TOptions 是需要繼承AuthenticationSchemeOptions的，在這里是JwtBearerOptions，而THandler是AuthenticationHandler<TOptions>類(lèi)型的Handler，在這里是JwtBearerHandler。

　　我們回到Scheme的分析繼續(xù)往下，首先看一下AuthenticationScheme的定義　　

public class AuthenticationScheme
 {
  /// <summary>Constructor.</summary>  
  public AuthenticationScheme(string name, string displayName, Type handlerType)
  {
   if (name == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (name));
   if (handlerType == (Type) null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (handlerType));
   if (!typeof (IAuthenticationHandler).IsAssignableFrom(handlerType))
    throw new ArgumentException("handlerType must implement IAuthenticationHandler.");
   this.Name = name;
   this.HandlerType = handlerType;
   this.DisplayName = displayName;
  }

  /// <summary>The name of the authentication scheme.</summary>
  public string Name { get; }

  /// <summary>
  /// The display name for the scheme. Null is valid and used for non user facing schemes.
  /// </summary>
  public string DisplayName { get; }

  /// <summary>
  /// The <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.IAuthenticationHandler" /> type that handles this scheme.
  /// </summary>
  public Type HandlerType { get; }
 }

　　在這里可以看到，如果要使用Aspnet Core自身的認(rèn)證體系，需先注冊(cè)Scheme，并且該Scheme必須指定一個(gè)類(lèi)型為IAuthenticationHandler的Handler，否則會(huì)拋出異常。（這個(gè)其實(shí)在AddxxxScheme的時(shí)候已經(jīng)指定了AuthenticationHandler）

　　我們?cè)倏匆幌翴AuthenticationSchemeProvider的GetRequestHandlerSchemesAsync方法做了什么

　　public virtual Task<IEnumerable<AuthenticationScheme>> GetRequestHandlerSchemesAsync()
  {
   return Task.FromResult<IEnumerable<AuthenticationScheme>>((IEnumerable<AuthenticationScheme>) this._requestHandlers);
  }

　　這東西返回了_requestHandlers，這是什么？看代碼

public class AuthenticationSchemeProvider : IAuthenticationSchemeProvider
 {
  private readonly object _lock = new object();
  private readonly AuthenticationOptions _options;
  private readonly IDictionary<string, AuthenticationScheme> _schemes;
  private readonly List<AuthenticationScheme> _requestHandlers;

  /// <summary>
  /// Creates an instance of <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationSchemeProvider" />
  /// using the specified <paramref name="options" />,
  /// </summary>  
  public AuthenticationSchemeProvider(IOptions<AuthenticationOptions> options)
   : this(options, (IDictionary<string, AuthenticationScheme>) new Dictionary<string, AuthenticationScheme>((IEqualityComparer<string>) StringComparer.Ordinal))
  {
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// Creates an instance of <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationSchemeProvider" />
  /// using the specified <paramref name="options" /> and <paramref name="schemes" />.
  /// </summary>  
  protected AuthenticationSchemeProvider(
   IOptions<AuthenticationOptions> options,
   IDictionary<string, AuthenticationScheme> schemes)
  {
   this._options = options.Value;
   IDictionary<string, AuthenticationScheme> dictionary = schemes;
   if (dictionary == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof (schemes));
   this._schemes = dictionary;
   this._requestHandlers = new List<AuthenticationScheme>();
   foreach (AuthenticationSchemeBuilder scheme in this._options.Schemes)
    this.AddScheme(scheme.Build());
  }

　　public virtual void AddScheme(AuthenticationScheme scheme)
  {
   if (this._schemes.ContainsKey(scheme.Name))
    throw new InvalidOperationException("Scheme already exists: " + scheme.Name);
   lock (this._lock)
   {
    if (this._schemes.ContainsKey(scheme.Name))
     throw new InvalidOperationException("Scheme already exists: " + scheme.Name);
    if (typeof (IAuthenticationRequestHandler).IsAssignableFrom(scheme.HandlerType))
     this._requestHandlers.Add(scheme);
    this._schemes[scheme.Name] = scheme;
   }
  }
.....
}

　　這東西就是把我們?cè)谡J(rèn)證注冊(cè)服務(wù)中指定的scheme，通過(guò)解析出的AuthenticationSchemeProvider 的構(gòu)造函數(shù)加載來(lái)的，進(jìn)而返回一系列的List<AuthenticationScheme>，OK拿到這些scheme之后有什么用呢？這里引出了我們的第二個(gè)對(duì)象AuthenticationHandlerProvider，下面我們來(lái)了解一下?！　?/p>

　　IAuthenticationHandlerProvider

　　我們看到，AuthenticationMiddleware中用到了IAuthenticationHandlerProvider的GetHandlerAsync方法，那我們先看一下這個(gè)方法的作用

public class AuthenticationHandlerProvider : IAuthenticationHandlerProvider
 {
  private Dictionary<string, IAuthenticationHandler> _handlerMap = new Dictionary<string, IAuthenticationHandler>((IEqualityComparer<string>) StringComparer.Ordinal);

  /// <summary>Constructor.</summary>
  public AuthenticationHandlerProvider(IAuthenticationSchemeProvider schemes)
  {
   this.Schemes = schemes;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// The <see cref="T:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.IAuthenticationHandlerProvider" />.
  /// </summary>
  public IAuthenticationSchemeProvider Schemes { get; }

  /// <summary>Returns the handler instance that will be used.</summary>  
  public async Task<IAuthenticationHandler> GetHandlerAsync( HttpContext context, string authenticationScheme)
  {
   if (this._handlerMap.ContainsKey(authenticationScheme))
    return this._handlerMap[authenticationScheme];
   AuthenticationScheme schemeAsync = await this.Schemes.GetSchemeAsync(authenticationScheme);
   if (schemeAsync == null)
    return (IAuthenticationHandler) null;
   IAuthenticationHandler handler = (context.RequestServices.GetService(schemeAsync.HandlerType) ?? ActivatorUtilities.CreateInstance(context.RequestServices, schemeAsync.HandlerType)) as IAuthenticationHandler;
   if (handler != null)
   {
    await handler.InitializeAsync(schemeAsync, context);
    this._handlerMap[authenticationScheme] = handler;
   }
   return handler;
  }
 }

　　在創(chuàng)建Handler的時(shí)候，是先從AuthenticationScheme中獲取，如果不存在則通過(guò)ActivatorUtilities創(chuàng)建。獲取到Handle后，將會(huì)放在_handlerMap字典里面，當(dāng)下次獲取Handler的時(shí)候，將直接從緩存中獲取。

　　IAuthenticationService

　　這個(gè)對(duì)象是在AuthenticationMiddleware中最后才用到的，而且是基于HttpContext的擴(kuò)展被調(diào)用

public static class AuthenticationHttpContextExtensions
{
  public static Task<AuthenticateResult> AuthenticateAsync(this HttpContext context, string scheme) =>
    context.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IAuthenticationService>().AuthenticateAsync(context, scheme);

 ....     
}

　　這里主要調(diào)用了IAuthenticationService的AuthenticateAsync方法，看一下這個(gè)方法做了什么

public class AuthenticationService : IAuthenticationService
{
  public IAuthenticationSchemeProvider Schemes { get; }
  public IAuthenticationHandlerProvider Handlers { get; }
  public IClaimsTransformation Transform { get; }

  public virtual async Task<AuthenticateResult> AuthenticateAsync(HttpContext context, string scheme)
  {
    if (scheme == null)
    {
      var scheme = (await this.Schemes.GetDefaultAuthenticateSchemeAsync())?.Name;
      if (scheme == null)
        throw new InvalidOperationException($"No authenticationScheme was specified, and there was no DefaultAuthenticateScheme found.");
    }

    var handler = await Handlers.GetHandlerAsync(context, scheme);
    if(handler == null)
      throw await this.CreateMissingHandlerException(scheme);
    AuthenticateResult result = await handler.AuthenticateAsync();
    if (result != null && result.Succeeded)      
      return AuthenticateResult.Success(new AuthenticationTicket(await Transform.TransformAsync(result.Principal), result.Properties, result.Ticket.AuthenticationScheme));

    return result;
  }
}

　　這里其實(shí)就是我們?cè)谇懊嬷v的根據(jù)Scheme獲取對(duì)應(yīng)的AuthenticationHandler，然后調(diào)用AuthenticateAsync()方法，這個(gè)方法調(diào)用了核心方法HandleAuthenticateOnceAsync，然后再調(diào)用HandleAuthenticateAsync()這個(gè)核心的認(rèn)證方法。

　　從上圖看到這個(gè)HandleAuthenticateAsync是個(gè)抽象方法，我們的子類(lèi)都需要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)方法的動(dòng)作，基于本文的例子，我們看一下JwtBearerHandler的一個(gè)實(shí)際認(rèn)證。　　

public class JwtBearerHandler : AuthenticationHandler<JwtBearerOptions>
{
  protected override async Task<AuthenticateResult> HandleAuthenticateAsync()
  {
   JwtBearerHandler jwtBearerHandler = this;
   string token = (string) null;
   object obj;
   AuthenticationFailedContext authenticationFailedContext;
   int num;
   try
   {
    MessageReceivedContext messageReceivedContext = new MessageReceivedContext(jwtBearerHandler.Context, jwtBearerHandler.Scheme, jwtBearerHandler.Options);
    await jwtBearerHandler.Events.MessageReceived(messageReceivedContext);
    if (messageReceivedContext.Result != null)
     return messageReceivedContext.Result;
    token = messageReceivedContext.Token;
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
    {
     string header = (string) jwtBearerHandler.Request.Headers["Authorization"];
     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(header))
      return AuthenticateResult.NoResult();
     if (header.StartsWith("Bearer ", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
      token = header.Substring("Bearer ".Length).Trim();
     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
      return AuthenticateResult.NoResult();
    }
    if (jwtBearerHandler._configuration == null && jwtBearerHandler.Options.ConfigurationManager != null)
    {
     OpenIdConnectConfiguration configurationAsync = await jwtBearerHandler.Options.ConfigurationManager.GetConfigurationAsync(jwtBearerHandler.Context.RequestAborted);
     jwtBearerHandler._configuration = configurationAsync;
    }
    TokenValidationParameters validationParameters1 = jwtBearerHandler.Options.TokenValidationParameters.Clone();
    if (jwtBearerHandler._configuration != null)
    {
     string[] strArray = new string[1]
     {
      jwtBearerHandler._configuration.Issuer
     };
     TokenValidationParameters validationParameters2 = validationParameters1;
     IEnumerable<string> validIssuers = validationParameters1.get_ValidIssuers();
     object obj1 = (validIssuers != null ? (object) validIssuers.Concat<string>((IEnumerable<string>) strArray) : (object) null) ?? (object) strArray;
     validationParameters2.set_ValidIssuers((IEnumerable<string>) obj1);
     TokenValidationParameters validationParameters3 = validationParameters1;
     IEnumerable<SecurityKey> issuerSigningKeys = validationParameters1.get_IssuerSigningKeys();
     IEnumerable<SecurityKey> securityKeys = (issuerSigningKeys != null ? issuerSigningKeys.Concat<SecurityKey>((IEnumerable<SecurityKey>) jwtBearerHandler._configuration.get_SigningKeys()) : (IEnumerable<SecurityKey>) null) ?? (IEnumerable<SecurityKey>) jwtBearerHandler._configuration.get_SigningKeys();
     validationParameters3.set_IssuerSigningKeys(securityKeys);
    }
    List<Exception> exceptionList = (List<Exception>) null;
    foreach (ISecurityTokenValidator securityTokenValidator in (IEnumerable<ISecurityTokenValidator>) jwtBearerHandler.Options.SecurityTokenValidators)
    {
     if (securityTokenValidator.CanReadToken(token))
     {
      SecurityToken securityToken;
      ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal;
      try
      {
       claimsPrincipal = securityTokenValidator.ValidateToken(token, validationParameters1, ref securityToken);
      }
      catch (Exception ex)
      {
       jwtBearerHandler.Logger.TokenValidationFailed(ex);
       if (jwtBearerHandler.Options.RefreshOnIssuerKeyNotFound && jwtBearerHandler.Options.ConfigurationManager != null && ex is SecurityTokenSignatureKeyNotFoundException)
        jwtBearerHandler.Options.ConfigurationManager.RequestRefresh();
       if (exceptionList == null)
        exceptionList = new List<Exception>(1);
       exceptionList.Add(ex);
       continue;
      }
      jwtBearerHandler.Logger.TokenValidationSucceeded();
      TokenValidatedContext validatedContext = new TokenValidatedContext(jwtBearerHandler.Context, jwtBearerHandler.Scheme, jwtBearerHandler.Options);
      validatedContext.Principal = claimsPrincipal;
      validatedContext.SecurityToken = securityToken;
      TokenValidatedContext tokenValidatedContext = validatedContext;
      await jwtBearerHandler.Events.TokenValidated(tokenValidatedContext);
      if (tokenValidatedContext.Result != null)
       return tokenValidatedContext.Result;
      if (jwtBearerHandler.Options.SaveToken)
       tokenValidatedContext.Properties.StoreTokens((IEnumerable<AuthenticationToken>) new AuthenticationToken[1]
       {
        new AuthenticationToken()
        {
         Name = "access_token",
         Value = token
        }
       });
      tokenValidatedContext.Success();
      return tokenValidatedContext.Result;
     }
    }
    if (exceptionList == null)
     return AuthenticateResult.Fail("No SecurityTokenValidator available for token: " + token ?? "[null]");
    authenticationFailedContext = new AuthenticationFailedContext(jwtBearerHandler.Context, jwtBearerHandler.Scheme, jwtBearerHandler.Options)
    {
     Exception = exceptionList.Count == 1 ? exceptionList[0] : (Exception) new AggregateException((IEnumerable<Exception>) exceptionList)
    };
    await jwtBearerHandler.Events.AuthenticationFailed(authenticationFailedContext);
    return authenticationFailedContext.Result == null ? AuthenticateResult.Fail(authenticationFailedContext.Exception) : authenticationFailedContext.Result;
   }
   catch (Exception ex)
   {
    obj = (object) ex;
    num = 1;
   }
   if (num == 1)
   {
    Exception ex = (Exception) obj;
    jwtBearerHandler.Logger.ErrorProcessingMessage(ex);
    authenticationFailedContext = new AuthenticationFailedContext(jwtBearerHandler.Context, jwtBearerHandler.Scheme, jwtBearerHandler.Options)
    {
     Exception = ex
    };
    await jwtBearerHandler.Events.AuthenticationFailed(authenticationFailedContext);
    if (authenticationFailedContext.Result != null)
     return authenticationFailedContext.Result;
    Exception source = obj as Exception;
    if (source == null)
     throw obj;
    ExceptionDispatchInfo.Capture(source).Throw();
    authenticationFailedContext = (AuthenticationFailedContext) null;
   }
   obj = (object) null;
   token = (string) null;
   AuthenticateResult authenticateResult;
   return authenticateResult;
  }
}

　　這個(gè)方法有點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)，主要是從Request.Headers里面獲取Authorization的Bearer出來(lái)解析，再在AddJwtBearer中傳入的委托參數(shù)JwtBearerOptions的TokenValidationParameters屬性作為依據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比來(lái)進(jìn)行認(rèn)證是否通過(guò)與否。

　　總結(jié)

　　本文對(duì) ASP.NET Core 的認(rèn)證流程做了一個(gè)源碼分析流程介紹，由于是源碼分析篇，所以可能會(huì)比較枯燥和苦澀難懂。在后面的真正使用過(guò)程中，然后再結(jié)合本篇的一個(gè)總結(jié)流程，相信大家會(huì)逐漸開(kāi)朗。

在Startup類(lèi)中的ConfigureServices方法通過(guò)添加AddAuthentication注冊(cè)我們最主要的三個(gè)對(duì)象AuthenticationService, AuthenticationHandlerProvider, AuthenticationSchemeProvider
通過(guò)AddAuthentication返回的AuthenticationBuilder 通過(guò)AddJwtBearer（或者AddCookie）來(lái)指定Scheme類(lèi)型和需要驗(yàn)證的參數(shù)
在Startup類(lèi)中的Configure方法通過(guò)添加UseAuthentication注冊(cè)認(rèn)證中間件
在認(rèn)證過(guò)程中，通過(guò)AuthenticationSchemeProvider獲取正確的Scheme，在AuthenticationService中通過(guò)Scheme和AuthenticationHandlerProvider獲取正確的AuthenticationHandler，最后通過(guò)對(duì)應(yīng)的AuthenticationHandler的AuthenticateAsync方法進(jìn)行認(rèn)證流程

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