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淺談ASP.NET的Postback 實例代碼第1/2頁

更新時間：2009年08月07日 23:07:08 作者：

說道ASP.NET的Postback，就得說Web Page的生命周期，但是Web Page的生命周期卻不是三言兩語就能夠說得清楚的，所以在這里單純站的編程的角度，撇開Web Page 的生命周期淺談Postback。

我們知道，無論是ASP.NET1.x,2.0，甚至是以后的版本，ASP.NET最終Render到Client端通過瀏覽器瀏覽的都是一樣：一個單純的HTML。Client通過Submit Form的方式將填入Form的數(shù)據(jù)提交給Server進行處理。我們現(xiàn)在來看看ASP.NET整個Postback程序處理的過程。
首先我們通過一個Sample來看ASP.NET如何處理一個通過Click一個Button引起的Postback。下面是Web Page的HTML：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
<head runat="server"> 
<title>Test Page</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
<form id="form1" runat="server"> 
<div> 
<asp:Label runat="server" ID="LabelMessage" ForeColor="red"></asp:Label> 
</div> 
<div> 
<asp:Button runat="server" ID="Button1" Text="Button1" OnClick="Button1_Click" OnCommand="Button_Command" CommandArgument="Button1" /> 
<asp:Button runat="server" ID="Button2" Text="Button2" OnClick="Button2_Click" OnCommand="Button_Command" CommandArgument="Button2" UseSubmitBehavior="false" /> 
<asp:Button runat="server" ID="Button3" Text="Button3" OnClick="Button3_Click" OnCommand="Button_Command" CommandArgument="Button3" UseSubmitBehavior="false" /> 
</div> 
</form> 
</body> 
</html> 

很簡單，定義了3個Button，分別注冊了他們的兩個Event：Click和Command。3個Button的Command Event Hander是一樣的：Button_Command，通過指定的CommandArgument來讓Event Handler判斷到底是哪個Button觸發(fā)了Command Event。
下面是Code Behind：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
using System; 
using System.Data; 
using System.Configuration; 
using System.Web; 
using System.Web.Security; 
using System.Web.UI; 
using System.Web.UI.WebControls; 
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; 
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; 
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page 
{ 
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
} 
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
string message = string.Format("The {0} event of {1} is fired", "Click", "Button1"); 
this.LabelMessage.Text = message; 
} 
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
string message = string.Format("The {0} event of {1} is fired", "Click", "Button2"); 
this.LabelMessage.Text = message; 
} 
protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
string message = string.Format("The {0} event of {1} is fired", "Click", "Button3"); 
this.LabelMessage.Text = message; 
} 
protected void Button_Command(object sender, CommandEventArgs e) 
{ 
string message = string.Format("The {0} event of {1} is fired", "Command", e.CommandArgument); 
this.LabelMessage.Text += "; " + message; 
} 
} 

我們來運行這個Page，并Click某個按鈕（比如Button2）：

我們通過最上方的Message可以看出，Button2的Click Event和Command先后觸發(fā)。
這篇Blog的主旨就是從方法調(diào)用的角度講述整個程序運行的過程：從HTML 被Render到Client端，到用戶Click某個按鈕，輸入被Postback到Server端，并觸發(fā)兩個Event，執(zhí)行Event Handler打印出相關(guān)的Message。
首先我們來看看ASP.NET設(shè)計的Page Render到Client端的HTML是什么樣子：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
<head> 
<title> 
Test Page 
</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
<form name="form1" method="post" action="Default.aspx" id="form1"> 
<div> 
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value="" /> 
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" /> 
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUKMTA0NDQ2OTE5OWRk281L4eAk7iZT10hzg+BeOyoUWBQ=" /> 
</div> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
<!-- 
var theForm = document.forms['form1']; 
if (!theForm) { 
theForm = document.form1; 
} 
function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) { 
if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) { 
theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget; 
theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument; 
theForm.submit(); 
} 
} 
// --> 
</script> 
<div> 
<span id="LabelMessage" style="color:Red;"></span> 
</div> 
<div> 
<input type="submit" name="Button1" value="Button1" id="Button1" /> 
<input type="button" name="Button2" value="Button2" onclick="javascript:__doPostBack('Button2','')" id="Button2" /> 
<input type="button" name="Button3" value="Button3" onclick="javascript:__doPostBack('Button3','')" id="Button3" /> 
</div> 
</form> 
</body> 
</html> 