Java后臺(tái)Controller實(shí)現(xiàn)文件下載操作

更新時(shí)間：2020年10月08日 15:33:03 作者：ywh22122

這篇文章主要介紹了Java后臺(tái)Controller實(shí)現(xiàn)文件下載操作，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過(guò)來(lái)看看吧

代碼

參數(shù)：

1.filePath:文件的絕對(duì)路徑（d:\download\a.xlsx）

2.fileName(a.xlsx)

3.編碼格式(GBK)

4.response、request不介紹了，從控制器傳入的http對(duì)象

代碼片.

//控制器
@RequestMapping(UrlConstants.BLACKLIST_TESTDOWNLOAD)
public void downLoad(String filePath, HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
    boolean is = myDownLoad("D:\\a.xlsx","a.xlsx","GBK",response,request);
    if(is)
     System.out.println("成功");
    else
    System.out.println("失敗");  
}
//下載方法
public boolean myDownLoad(String filePath,String fileName, String encoding, HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request){
   File f = new File(filePath);
    if (!f.exists()) {
      try {
        response.sendError(404, "File not found!");
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return false;
    }

    String type = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
    //判斷下載類(lèi)型 xlsx 或 xls 現(xiàn)在只實(shí)現(xiàn)了xlsx、xls兩個(gè)類(lèi)型的文件下載
    if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("xlsx") || type.equalsIgnoreCase("xls")){
      response.setContentType("application/force-download;charset=UTF-8");
      final String userAgent = request.getHeader("USER-AGENT");
      try {
        if (StringUtils.contains(userAgent, "MSIE") || StringUtils.contains(userAgent, "Edge")) {// IE瀏覽器
          fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF8");
        } else if (StringUtils.contains(userAgent, "Mozilla")) {// google,火狐瀏覽器
          fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1");
        } else {
          fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF8");// 其他瀏覽器
        }
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        return false;
      }
      InputStream in = null;
      OutputStream out = null;
      try {

        //獲取要下載的文件輸入流
        in = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        int len = 0;
        //創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)緩沖區(qū)
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //通過(guò)response對(duì)象獲取outputStream流
        out = response.getOutputStream();
        //將FileInputStream流寫(xiě)入到buffer緩沖區(qū)
        while((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
          //使用OutputStream將緩沖區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)輸出到瀏覽器
          out.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        //這一步走完，將文件傳入OutputStream中后，頁(yè)面就會(huì)彈出下載框

      } catch (Exception e) {
        logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        return false;
      } finally {
        try {
          if (out != null)
            out.close();
          if(in!=null)
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
          logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
      }
      return true;
    }else {
      logger.error("不支持的下載類(lèi)型！");
      return false;
    }
  }

實(shí)現(xiàn)效果

1.火狐瀏覽器效果

2.chrome效果，自動(dòng)下載

補(bǔ)充知識(shí)：文件上傳/下載的幾種寫(xiě)法(java后端)

文件上傳

1、框架已經(jīng)幫你獲取到文件對(duì)象File了

  public boolean uploadFileToLocale(File uploadFile,String filePath) {
    boolean ret_bl = false;
    try {
      InputStream in = new FileInputStream(uploadFile);
      ret_bl=copyFile(in,filePath);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return ret_bl;
  }  
  
  public boolean copyFile(InputStream in,String filePath) {
    boolean ret_bl = false;
    FileOutputStream os=null;
    try {
      os = new FileOutputStream(filePath,false);
      byte[] b = new byte[8 * 1024];
      int length = 0;
      while ((length = in.read(b)) > 0) {
        os.write(b, 0, length);
      }
      os.close();
      in.close();
      ret_bl = true;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{   
        try {
          if(os!=null){
            os.close();
          }
          if(in!=null){
            in.close();
          }
          
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }    
    }
    return ret_bl;
  }

}

2、天了個(gè)擼，SB架構(gòu)師根本就飄在天空沒(méi)下來(lái)，根本就沒(méi)想文件上傳這一回事

public String uploadByHttp(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
    String filePath=null;
    List<String> fileNames = new ArrayList<>();
    //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)通用的多部分解析器 
    CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(request.getSession().getServletContext()); 
      //判斷 request 是否有文件上傳,即多部分請(qǐng)求 
      if(multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)){
        //轉(zhuǎn)換成多部分request  
        MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest =multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request); 
        MultiValueMap<String,MultipartFile> multiFileMap = multiRequest.getMultiFileMap();
        List<MultipartFile> fileSet = new LinkedList<>();
        for(Entry<String, List<MultipartFile>> temp : multiFileMap.entrySet()){
          fileSet = temp.getValue();
        }
        String rootPath=System.getProperty("user.dir");
        for(MultipartFile temp : fileSet){
          filePath=rootPath+"/tem/"+temp.getOriginalFilename();
          File file = new File(filePath);
          if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
          }
          fileNames.add(temp.getOriginalFilename());
          temp.transferTo(file);
        }
      } 
  }

3、神啊，我正在擼框架，請(qǐng)問(wèn)HttpServletRequest怎么獲?。。。?！

(1)在web.xml中配置一個(gè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)

<listener>
    <listener-class>
      org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
    </listener-class>
  </listener>

(2)HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();

文件下載（直接用鏈接下載的不算），這比較簡(jiǎn)單

1、本地文件下載（即文件保存在本地）

public void fileDownLoad(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String fileName,String filePath) throws Exception {
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    //設(shè)置ContentType字段值
    response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    //通知瀏覽器以下載的方式打開(kāi)
    response.addHeader("Content-type", "appllication/octet-stream");
    response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+fileName);
    //通知文件流讀取文件
    InputStream in = request.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(filePath);
    //獲取response對(duì)象的輸出流
    OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len;
    //循環(huán)取出流中的數(shù)據(jù)
    while((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1){
      out.write(buffer,0,len);
    }
  }

2、遠(yuǎn)程文件下載（即網(wǎng)上資源下載，只知道文件URI）

public static void downLoadFromUrl(String urlStr,String fileName,HttpServletResponse response){ 
     try {
         urlStr=urlStr.replaceAll("\\\\", "/"); 
        URL url = new URL(urlStr);  
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();  
        //設(shè)置超時(shí)間為3秒 
        conn.setConnectTimeout(3*1000); 
        //防止屏蔽程序抓取而返回403錯(cuò)誤 
        conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)"); 
       
        //得到輸入流 
        InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();  
        
        response.reset();
        response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8");
     response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"),"ISO8859_1"));
        //獲取響應(yīng)報(bào)文輸出流對(duì)象 
        //獲取response對(duì)象的輸出流
       OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
       byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
       int len;
       //循環(huán)取出流中的數(shù)據(jù)
       while((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1){
          out.write(buffer,0,len);
       }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } 
  }

以上這篇Java后臺(tái)Controller實(shí)現(xiàn)文件下載操作就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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