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在RedisTemplate中使用scan代替keys指令操作

 更新時(shí)間:2020年11月24日 09:28:18   作者:alterem  
這篇文章主要介紹了在RedisTemplate中使用scan代替keys指令操作,具有很好的參考價(jià)值,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

keys * 這個(gè)命令千萬別在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境亂用。特別是數(shù)據(jù)龐大的情況下。因?yàn)镵eys會(huì)引發(fā)Redis鎖,并且增加Redis的CPU占用。很多公司的運(yùn)維都是禁止了這個(gè)命令的

當(dāng)需要掃描key,匹配出自己需要的key時(shí),可以使用 scan 命令

scan操作的Helper實(shí)現(xiàn)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.Cursor;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ScanOptions;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class RedisHelper {
 
 @Autowired
 private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
 
 /**
 * scan 實(shí)現(xiàn)
 * @param pattern 表達(dá)式
 * @param consumer 對(duì)迭代到的key進(jìn)行操作
 */
 public void scan(String pattern, Consumer<byte[]> consumer) {
 this.stringRedisTemplate.execute((RedisConnection connection) -> {
 try (Cursor<byte[]> cursor = connection.scan(ScanOptions.scanOptions().count(Long.MAX_VALUE).match(pattern).build())) {
 cursor.forEachRemaining(consumer);
 return null;
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 throw new RuntimeException(e);
 }
 });
 }

 /**
 * 獲取符合條件的key
 * @param pattern 表達(dá)式
 * @return
 */
 public List<String> keys(String pattern) {
 List<String> keys = new ArrayList<>();
 this.scan(pattern, item -> {
 //符合條件的key
 String key = new String(item,StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
 keys.add(key);
 });
 return keys;
 }
}

但是會(huì)有一個(gè)問題:沒法移動(dòng)cursor,也只能scan一次,并且容易導(dǎo)致redis鏈接報(bào)錯(cuò)

先了解下scan、hscan、sscan、zscan

http://doc.redisfans.com/key/scan.html

keys 為啥不安全?

keys的操作會(huì)導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)暫時(shí)被鎖住,其他的請(qǐng)求都會(huì)被堵塞;業(yè)務(wù)量大的時(shí)候會(huì)出問題

Spring RedisTemplate實(shí)現(xiàn)scan

1. hscan sscan zscan

例子中的"field"是值redis的key,即從key為"field"中的hash中查找

redisTemplate的opsForHash,opsForSet,opsForZSet 可以 分別對(duì)應(yīng) sscan、hscan、zscan

當(dāng)然這個(gè)網(wǎng)上的例子其實(shí)也不對(duì),因?yàn)闆]有拿著cursor遍歷,只scan查了一次

可以偷懶使用 .count(Integer.MAX_VALUE),一下子全查回來;但是這樣子和 keys 有啥區(qū)別呢?搞笑臉 & 疑問臉

可以使用 (JedisCommands) connection.getNativeConnection()的 hscan、sscan、zscan 方法實(shí)現(xiàn)cursor遍歷,參照下文2.2章節(jié)

try {
 Cursor<Map.Entry<Object,Object>> cursor = redisTemplate.opsForHash().scan("field",
 ScanOptions.scanOptions().match("*").count(1000).build());
 while (cursor.hasNext()) {
  Object key = cursor.next().getKey();
  Object valueSet = cursor.next().getValue();
 }
 //關(guān)閉cursor
 cursor.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
}

cursor.close(); 游標(biāo)一定要關(guān)閉,不然連接會(huì)一直增長(zhǎng);可以使用client lists``info clients``info stats命令查看客戶端連接狀態(tài),會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)scan操作一直存在

我們平時(shí)使用的redisTemplate.execute 是會(huì)主動(dòng)釋放連接的,可以查看源碼確認(rèn)

client list
......
id=1531156 addr=xxx:55845 fd=8 name= age=80 idle=11 flags=N db=0 sub=0 psub=0 multi=-1 qbuf=0 qbuf-free=0 obl=0 oll=0 omem=0 events=r cmd=scan
......
org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate#execute(org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback<T>, boolean, boolean)

finally {
 RedisConnectionUtils.releaseConnection(conn, factory);
}

2. scan

2.1 網(wǎng)上給的例子多半是這個(gè)

這個(gè) connection.scan 沒法移動(dòng)cursor,也只能scan一次

public Set<String> scan(String matchKey) {
 Set<String> keys = redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback<Set<String>>) connection -> {
  Set<String> keysTmp = new HashSet<>();
  Cursor<byte[]> cursor = connection.scan(new ScanOptions.ScanOptionsBuilder().match("*" + matchKey + "*").count(1000).build());
  while (cursor.hasNext()) {
   keysTmp.add(new String(cursor.next()));
  }
  return keysTmp;
 });

 return keys;
}

2.2 使用 MultiKeyCommands

獲取 connection.getNativeConnection;connection.getNativeConnection()實(shí)際對(duì)象是Jedis(debug可以看出) ,Jedis實(shí)現(xiàn)了很多接口

public class Jedis extends BinaryJedis implements JedisCommands, MultiKeyCommands, AdvancedJedisCommands, ScriptingCommands, BasicCommands, ClusterCommands, SentinelCommands

當(dāng) scan.getStringCursor() 存在 且不是 0 的時(shí)候,一直移動(dòng)游標(biāo)獲取

public Set<String> scan(String key) {
 return redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback<Set<String>>) connection -> {
  Set<String> keys = Sets.newHashSet();

  JedisCommands commands = (JedisCommands) connection.getNativeConnection();
  MultiKeyCommands multiKeyCommands = (MultiKeyCommands) commands;

  ScanParams scanParams = new ScanParams();
  scanParams.match("*" + key + "*");
  scanParams.count(1000);
  ScanResult<String> scan = multiKeyCommands.scan("0", scanParams);
  while (null != scan.getStringCursor()) {
   keys.addAll(scan.getResult());
   if (!StringUtils.equals("0", scan.getStringCursor())) {
    scan = multiKeyCommands.scan(scan.getStringCursor(), scanParams);
    continue;
   } else {
    break;
   }
  }

  return keys;
 });
}

發(fā)散思考

cursor沒有close,到底誰阻塞了,是 Redis 么

測(cè)試過程中,我基本只要發(fā)起十來個(gè)scan操作,沒有關(guān)閉cursor,接下來的請(qǐng)求都卡住了

redis側(cè)分析

client lists``info clients``info stats查看

發(fā)現(xiàn) 連接數(shù) 只有 十幾個(gè),也沒有阻塞和被拒絕的連接

config get maxclients查詢r(jià)edis允許的最大連接數(shù) 是 10000

1) "maxclients"

2) "10000"`

redis-cli在其他機(jī)器上也可以直接登錄 操作

綜上,redis本身沒有卡死

應(yīng)用側(cè)分析

netstat查看和redis的連接,6333是redis端口;連接一直存在

➜ ~ netstat -an | grep 6333
netstat -an | grep 6333
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52981  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52979  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52976  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52971  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52969  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52967  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52964  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52961  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  ESTABLISHED

jstack查看應(yīng)用的堆棧信息

發(fā)現(xiàn)很多 WAITING 的 線程,全都是在獲取redis連接

所以基本可以斷定是應(yīng)用的redis線程池滿了

"http-nio-7007-exec-2" #139 daemon prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fda36c1c000 nid=0xdd03 waiting on condition [0x00007000171ff000]
 java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (parking)
  at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
  - parking to wait for <0x00000006c26ef560> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject)
  at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:175)
  at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject.await(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:2039)
  at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.LinkedBlockingDeque.takeFirst(LinkedBlockingDeque.java:590)
  at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool.borrowObject(GenericObjectPool.java:441)
  at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool.borrowObject(GenericObjectPool.java:362)
  at redis.clients.util.Pool.getResource(Pool.java:49)
  at redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool.getResource(JedisPool.java:226)
  at redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool.getResource(JedisPool.java:16)
  at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory.fetchJedisConnector(JedisConnectionFactory.java:276)
  at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory.getConnection(JedisConnectionFactory.java:469)
  at org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisConnectionUtils.doGetConnection(RedisConnectionUtils.java:132)
  at org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate.executeWithStickyConnection(RedisTemplate.java:371)
  at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultHashOperations.scan(DefaultHashOperations.java:244)

綜上,是應(yīng)用側(cè)卡死

后續(xù)

過了一個(gè)中午,redis client lists顯示 scan 連接還在,沒有釋放;應(yīng)用線程也還是處于卡死狀態(tài)

檢查 config get timeout,redis未設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間,可以用 config set timeout xxx設(shè)置,單位秒;但是設(shè)置了redis的超時(shí),redis釋放了連接,應(yīng)用還是一樣卡住

1) "timeout"

2) "0"

netstat查看和redis的連接,6333是redis端口;連接從ESTABLISHED變成了CLOSE_WAIT;

jstack和 原來表現(xiàn)一樣,卡在JedisConnectionFactory.getConnection

➜ ~ netstat -an | grep 6333
netstat -an | grep 6333
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52981  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52979  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52976  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52971  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52969  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52967  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52964  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT
tcp4  0  0 xx.xx.xx.aa.52961  xx.xx.xx.bb.6333  CLOSE_WAIT

回顧一下TCP四次揮手

ESTABLISHED 表示連接已被建立

CLOSE_WAIT 表示遠(yuǎn)程計(jì)算器關(guān)閉連接,正在等待socket連接的關(guān)閉

和現(xiàn)象符合

redis連接池配置

根據(jù)上面 netstat -an基本可以確定 redis 連接池的大小是 8 ;結(jié)合代碼配置,沒有指定的話,默認(rèn)也確實(shí)是8

redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig
private int maxTotal = 8;
private int maxIdle = 8;
private int minIdle = 0;

如何配置更大的連接池呢?

A. 原配置

@Bean
public RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() {
 RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
 redisStandaloneConfiguration.setHostName(redisHost);
 redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPort(redisPort);
 redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(redisPasswd));
 JedisConnectionFactory cf = new JedisConnectionFactory(redisStandaloneConfiguration);
 cf.afterPropertiesSet();
 return cf;
}
readTimeout,connectTimeout不指定,有默認(rèn)值 2000 ms

org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory.MutableJedisClientConfiguration
private Duration readTimeout = Duration.ofMillis(Protocol.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
private Duration connectTimeout = Duration.ofMillis(Protocol.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT); 

B. 修改后配置

配置方式一:部分接口已經(jīng)Deprecated了

@Bean
public RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() {
 JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
 jedisPoolConfig.setMaxTotal(16); // --最多可以建立16個(gè)連接了
 jedisPoolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(10000); // --10s獲取不到連接池的連接,
            // --直接報(bào)錯(cuò)Could not get a resource from the pool

 jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(16);
 jedisPoolConfig.setMinIdle(0);

 JedisConnectionFactory cf = new JedisConnectionFactory(jedisPoolConfig);
 cf.setHostName(redisHost); // -- @Deprecated 
 cf.setPort(redisPort); // -- @Deprecated 
 cf.setPassword(redisPasswd); // -- @Deprecated 
 cf.setTimeout(30000); // -- @Deprecated 貌似沒生效,30s超時(shí),沒有關(guān)閉連接池的連接;
       // --redis沒有設(shè)置超時(shí),會(huì)一直ESTABLISHED;redis設(shè)置了超時(shí),且超時(shí)之后,會(huì)一直CLOSE_WAIT

 cf.afterPropertiesSet();
 return cf;
}

配置方式二:這是群里好友給找的新的配置方式,效果一樣

RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisStandaloneConfiguration = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
redisStandaloneConfiguration.setHostName(redisHost);
redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPort(redisPort);
redisStandaloneConfiguration.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(redisPasswd));

JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxTotal(16);
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(10000);
jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(16);
jedisPoolConfig.setMinIdle(0);

cf = new JedisConnectionFactory(redisStandaloneConfiguration, JedisClientConfiguration.builder()
  .readTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30))
  .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30))
  .usePooling().poolConfig(jedisPoolConfig).build());

以上這篇在RedisTemplate中使用scan代替keys指令操作就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了,希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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