SpringSecurity+JWT實(shí)現(xiàn)前后端分離的使用詳解
更新時(shí)間：2021年01月20日 10:30:47 作者：Java4ye
這篇文章主要介紹了SpringSecurity+JWT實(shí)現(xiàn)前后端分離的使用詳解，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)配置類 SecurityConfig 繼承 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.security.access.hierarchicalroles.RoleHierarchy;
import org.springframework.security.access.hierarchicalroles.RoleHierarchyImpl;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.filter.JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.JwtTokenUtil;
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
final AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;
final AuthenticationSuccessHandler authenticationSuccessHandler;
final AuthenticationEntryPoint authenticationEntryPoint;
final AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler;
final LogoutSuccessHandler logoutSuccessHandler;
public SecurityConfig(AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler, AuthenticationSuccessHandler authenticationSuccessHandler, AuthenticationEntryPoint authenticationEntryPoint, AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler, LogoutSuccessHandler logoutSuccessHandler) {
this.authenticationFailureHandler = authenticationFailureHandler;
this.authenticationSuccessHandler = authenticationSuccessHandler;
this.authenticationEntryPoint = authenticationEntryPoint;
this.accessDeniedHandler = accessDeniedHandler;
this.logoutSuccessHandler = logoutSuccessHandler;
}
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
}
@Bean("users")
public UserDetailsService users() {
UserDetails user = User.builder()
.username("user")
.password("{bcrypt}$2a$10$1.NSMxlOyMgJHxOi8CWwxuU83G0/HItXxRoBO4QWZMTDp0tzPbCf.")
.roles("USER")
// roles 和 authorities 不能并存
// .authorities(new String[]{"system:user:query", "system:user:edit", "system:user:delete"})
.build();
UserDetails admin = User.builder()
.username("admin")
.password("{bcrypt}$2a$10$1.NSMxlOyMgJHxOi8CWwxuU83G0/HItXxRoBO4QWZMTDp0tzPbCf.")
// .roles("USER", "ADMIN")
.roles("ADMIN")
// .authorities("system:user:create")
.build();
return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user, admin);
}
/**
* 角色繼承：
* 讓Admin角色擁有User的角色的權(quán)限
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RoleHierarchy roleHierarchy() {
RoleHierarchyImpl result = new RoleHierarchyImpl();
result.setHierarchy("ROLE_ADMIN > ROLE_USER");
return result;
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(users());
}
@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
web.ignoring().antMatchers("/js/**", "/css/**", "/images/**");
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
// 自定義異常處理
http.exceptionHandling()
.authenticationEntryPoint(authenticationEntryPoint)
.accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler)
// 權(quán)限
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
// 一個(gè)是必須待身份信息但是不校驗(yàn)權(quán)限。
.antMatchers("/", "/mock/login").permitAll()
//只允許匿名訪問(wèn)
.antMatchers("/hello").anonymous()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
// 表單登錄
// .and()
// .formLogin()
// .successHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler)
// .failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler)
// .loginProcessingUrl("/login")
// .permitAll()
// 注銷
.and()
.logout()
.logoutUrl("/logout")
.logoutSuccessHandler(logoutSuccessHandler)
.permitAll()
// 關(guān)閉csrf 會(huì)在頁(yè)面中生成一個(gè)csrf_token
.and()
.csrf()
.disable()
// 基于token，所以不需要session
.sessionManagement()
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
// 添加我們的JWT過(guò)濾器
.and()
.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
;
}
@Bean
public JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(){
return new JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
@Bean
public JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil() {
return new JwtTokenUtil();
}
}
創(chuàng)建JWT過(guò)濾器 繼承 OncePerRequestFilter
這里直接用的macro大佬 mall商城里的例子
package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.filter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.JwtTokenUtil;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* JWT登錄授權(quán)過(guò)濾器
*
* @author macro
* @date 2018/4/26
*/
@Slf4j
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Qualifier("users")
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHeader}")
private String tokenHeader;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHead}")
private String tokenHead;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String authHeader = request.getHeader(this.tokenHeader);
if (authHeader != null && authHeader.startsWith(this.tokenHead)) {
String authToken = authHeader.substring(this.tokenHead.length());// The part after "Bearer "
String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUserNameFromToken(authToken);
log.info("checking username:{}", username);
if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authToken, userDetails)) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
log.info("authenticated user:{}", username);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
自定義handler
這里主要介紹兩個(gè)hanler，一個(gè)權(quán)限不足，一個(gè)驗(yàn)證失敗的
權(quán)限不足 實(shí)現(xiàn) AccessDeniedHandler
package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.handler;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.CommonResult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.ResultEnum;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@Component
public class MyAccessDeineHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter writer = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
writer.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new CommonResult<>(ResultEnum.ACCESS_ERROR, e.getMessage())));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}
}
認(rèn)證失敗 實(shí)現(xiàn) AuthenticationEntryPoint
如賬號(hào)密碼錯(cuò)誤等驗(yàn)證不通過(guò)時(shí)
package top.ryzeyang.demo.common.handler;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.CommonResult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.ResultEnum;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@Component
public class MyAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter writer = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
// 認(rèn)證失敗
writer.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new CommonResult<>(ResultEnum.AUTHENTICATION_ERROR, e.getMessage())));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}
}
JWT工具類
這里直接用的macro大佬 mall商城里的例子
稍微改了一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)?JDK11 用的 jjwt 版本不一樣 ，語(yǔ)法也有些不同
pom 文件中引入 jjwt
<dependency> <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId> <version>0.11.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId> <version>0.11.2</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId> <!-- or jjwt-gson if Gson is preferred --> <version>0.11.2</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency>
JwtTokenUtil
package top.ryzeyang.demo.utils;
import cn.hutool.core.date.DateUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.io.Decoders;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.Keys;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* JwtToken生成的工具類
* JWT token的格式：header.payload.signature
* header的格式（算法、token的類型）：
* {"alg": "HS512","typ": "JWT"}
* payload的格式（用戶名、創(chuàng)建時(shí)間、生成時(shí)間）：
* {"sub":"wang","created":1489079981393,"exp":1489684781}
* signature的生成算法：
* HMACSHA512(base64UrlEncode(header) + "." +base64UrlEncode(payload),secret)
*
* @author macro
* @date 2018/4/26
*/
@Slf4j
public class JwtTokenUtil {
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_CREATED = "created";
@Value("${jwt.secret}")
private String secret;
@Value("${jwt.expiration}")
private Long expiration;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHead}")
private String tokenHead;
private SecretKey getSecretKey() {
byte[] encodeKey = Decoders.BASE64.decode(secret);
return Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(encodeKey);
}
/**
* 根據(jù)負(fù)責(zé)生成JWT的token
*/
private String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {
SecretKey secretKey = getSecretKey();
return Jwts.builder()
.setClaims(claims)
.setExpiration(generateExpirationDate())
.signWith(secretKey)
.compact();
}
/**
* 測(cè)試生成的token
* @param claims
* @return
*/
public String generateToken2(Map<String, Object> claims) {
SecretKey secretKey = getSecretKey();
return Jwts.builder()
.setClaims(claims)
.setIssuer("Java4ye")
.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 1 * 1000))
.signWith(secretKey)
.compact();
}
/**
* 從token中獲取JWT中的負(fù)載
*/
private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
SecretKey secretKey = getSecretKey();
Claims claims = null;
try {
claims = Jwts.parserBuilder()
.setSigningKey(secretKey)
.build()
.parseClaimsJws(token)
.getBody();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.info("JWT格式驗(yàn)證失敗:{}", token);
}
return claims;
}
/**
* 生成token的過(guò)期時(shí)間
*/
private Date generateExpirationDate() {
return new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000);
}
/**
* 從token中獲取登錄用戶名
*/
public String getUserNameFromToken(String token) {
String username;
try {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
username = claims.getSubject();
} catch (Exception e) {
username = null;
}
return username;
}
/**
* 驗(yàn)證token是否還有效
*
* @param token 客戶端傳入的token
* @param userDetails 從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中查詢出來(lái)的用戶信息
*/
public boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
String username = getUserNameFromToken(token);
return username.equals(userDetails.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token);
}
/**
* 判斷token是否已經(jīng)失效
*/
private boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
Date expiredDate = getExpiredDateFromToken(token);
return expiredDate.before(new Date());
}
/**
* 從token中獲取過(guò)期時(shí)間
*/
private Date getExpiredDateFromToken(String token) {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
return claims.getExpiration();
}
/**
* 根據(jù)用戶信息生成token
*/
public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
return generateToken(claims);
}
/**
* 當(dāng)原來(lái)的token沒(méi)過(guò)期時(shí)是可以刷新的
*
* @param oldToken 帶tokenHead的token
*/
public String refreshHeadToken(String oldToken) {
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(oldToken)) {
return null;
}
String token = oldToken.substring(tokenHead.length());
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(token)) {
return null;
}
//token校驗(yàn)不通過(guò)
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
if (claims == null) {
return null;
}
//如果token已經(jīng)過(guò)期，不支持刷新
if (isTokenExpired(token)) {
return null;
}
//如果token在30分鐘之內(nèi)剛刷新過(guò)，返回原token
if (tokenRefreshJustBefore(token, 30 * 60)) {
return token;
} else {
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
return generateToken(claims);
}
}
/**
* 判斷token在指定時(shí)間內(nèi)是否剛剛刷新過(guò)
*
* @param token 原token
* @param time 指定時(shí)間（秒）
*/
private boolean tokenRefreshJustBefore(String token, int time) {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
Date created = claims.get(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, Date.class);
Date refreshDate = new Date();
//刷新時(shí)間在創(chuàng)建時(shí)間的指定時(shí)間內(nèi)
if (refreshDate.after(created) && refreshDate.before(DateUtil.offsetSecond(created, time))) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
配置文件 application.yml
這里的 secret 可以用該方法生成
@Test
void generateKey() {
/**
* SECRET 是簽名密鑰，只生成一次即可，生成方法：
* Key key = Keys.secretKeyFor(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256);
* String secretString = Encoders.BASE64.encode(key.getEncoded()); # 本文使用 BASE64 編碼
* */
Key key = Keys.secretKeyFor(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512);
String secretString = Encoders.BASE64.encode(key.getEncoded());
System.out.println(secretString);
// Blk1X8JlN4XH4s+Kuc0YUFXv+feyTgVUMycSiKbiL0YhRddy872mCNZBGZIb57Jn2V1RtaFXIxs8TvNPsnG//g==
}
jwt: tokenHeader: Authorization secret: Blk1X8JlN4XH4s+Kuc0YUFXv+feyTgVUMycSiKbiL0YhRddy872mCNZBGZIb57Jn2V1RtaFXIxs8TvNPsnG//g== expiration: 604800 tokenHead: 'Bearer ' server: servlet: context-path: /api
Controller
AuthController
package top.ryzeyang.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.common.api.CommonResult;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.model.dto.UserDTO;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.CommonResultUtil;
import top.ryzeyang.demo.utils.JwtTokenUtil;
import java.util.Collection;
@RestController
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/mock")
public class AuthController {
@Autowired
private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Qualifier("users")
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
@GetMapping("/userinfo")
public CommonResult<Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority>> getUserInfo(){
Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
return CommonResultUtil.success(authorities);
}
/**
* 模擬登陸
*/
@PostMapping("/login")
public CommonResult<String> login(@RequestBody UserDTO userDTO){
String username = userDTO.getUsername();
String password = userDTO.getPassword();
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token
= new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
Authentication authenticate = authenticationManager.authenticate(token);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticate);
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
String t = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails);
return CommonResultUtil.success(t);
}
}
HelloController
package top.ryzeyang.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "hello";
}
@GetMapping("/hello/anonymous")
public String hello2() {
return "anonymous";
}
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
@GetMapping("/hello/admin")
public String helloAdmin() {
return "hello Admin";
}
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('USER')")
@GetMapping("/hello/user")
public String helloUser() {
return "hello user";
}
@PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('system:user:query')")
@GetMapping("/hello/user2")
public String helloUser2() {
return "hello user2";
}
}
項(xiàng)目地址在GitHub上
地址：SpringSecurity-Vuetify-Permissions-demo
到此這篇關(guān)于SpringSecurity+JWT實(shí)現(xiàn)前后端分離的使用詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)SpringSecurity+JWT前后端分離內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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