Java安全框架——Shiro的使用詳解(附springboot整合Shiro的demo)

更新時(shí)間：2021年04月15日 11:54:01 作者：つ九鍵按三下

這篇文章主要介紹了Java安全框架——Shiro的使用詳解，幫助大家更好的理解和學(xué)習(xí)使用Shiro，感興趣的朋友可以了解下

Shiro簡(jiǎn)介

Apache Shiro是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大且易用的Java安全框架,執(zhí)行身份驗(yàn)證、授權(quán)、密碼和會(huì)話管理
三個(gè)核心組件：Subject, SecurityManager 和 Realms
Subject代表了當(dāng)前用戶(hù)的安全操作
SecurityManager管理所有用戶(hù)的安全操作，是Shiro框架的核心，Shiro通過(guò)SecurityManager來(lái)管理內(nèi)部組件實(shí)例，并通過(guò)它來(lái)提供安全管理的各種服務(wù)。
Realm充當(dāng)了Shiro與應(yīng)用安全數(shù)據(jù)間的“橋梁”或者“連接器”。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)對(duì)用戶(hù)執(zhí)行認(rèn)證（登錄）和授權(quán)（訪問(wèn)控制）驗(yàn)證時(shí)，Shiro會(huì)從應(yīng)用配置的Realm中查找用戶(hù)及其權(quán)限信息。
Realm實(shí)質(zhì)上是一個(gè)安全相關(guān)的DAO：它封裝了數(shù)據(jù)源的連接細(xì)節(jié)，并在需要時(shí)將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)提供給Shiro。當(dāng)配置Shiro時(shí)，你必須至少指定一個(gè)Realm，用于認(rèn)證和（或）授權(quán)。配置多個(gè)Realm是可以的，但是至少需要一個(gè)。

Shiro快速入門(mén)

導(dǎo)入依賴(lài)

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- configure logging -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

配置log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

配置Shiro.ini（在IDEA中需要導(dǎo)入ini插件）

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

快速入門(mén)實(shí)現(xiàn)類(lèi) quickStart.java

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class quickStart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(quickStart.class);

    /*
        Shiro三大對(duì)象：
                Subject： 用戶(hù)
                SecurityManager：管理所有用戶(hù)
                Realm： 連接數(shù)據(jù)
     */


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 創(chuàng)建帶有配置的Shiro SecurityManager的最簡(jiǎn)單方法
        // realms, users, roles and permissions 是使用簡(jiǎn)單的INI配置。
        // 我們將使用可以提取.ini文件的工廠來(lái)完成此操作，
        // 返回一個(gè)SecurityManager實(shí)例：

        // 在類(lèi)路徑的根目錄下使用shiro.ini文件
        // (file：和url：前綴分別從文件和url加載):
        //Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        //SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
        DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
        securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);

        // 對(duì)于這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的示例快速入門(mén)，請(qǐng)使SecurityManager
        // 可作為JVM單例訪問(wèn)。大多數(shù)應(yīng)用程序都不會(huì)這樣做
        // 而是依靠其容器配置或web.xml進(jìn)行
        // webapps。這超出了此簡(jiǎn)單快速入門(mén)的范圍，因此
        // 我們只做最低限度的工作，這樣您就可以繼續(xù)感受事物.
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)建立了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的Shiro環(huán)境，讓我們看看您可以做什么：

        // 獲取當(dāng)前用戶(hù)對(duì)象 Subject
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 使用Session做一些事情（不需要Web或EJB容器?。?！
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();//通過(guò)當(dāng)前用戶(hù)拿到Session
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 判斷當(dāng)前用戶(hù)是否被認(rèn)證
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            //token ： 令牌，沒(méi)有獲取，隨機(jī)
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true); // 設(shè)置記住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);//執(zhí)行登陸操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {//打印出  用戶(hù)名
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {//打印出 密碼
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... 在此處捕獲更多異常（也許是針對(duì)您的應(yīng)用程序的自定義異常？
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();//注銷(xiāo)

        System.exit(0);//退出
    }
}

啟動(dòng)測(cè)試

SpringBoot-Shiro整合（最后會(huì)附上完整代碼）

前期工作

導(dǎo)入shiro-spring整合包依賴(lài)

<!--  shiro-spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.1</version>
</dependency>

跳轉(zhuǎn)的頁(yè)面
index.html

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁(yè)</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁(yè)</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>| <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>

</body>
</html>

add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>add</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>add</p>
</body>
</html>

update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>update</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>update</p>
</body>
</html>

編寫(xiě)shiro的配置類(lèi)ShiroConfig.java

package com.example.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //3. ShiroFilterFactoryBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getshiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("SecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //設(shè)置安全管理器
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

        return factoryBean;
    }

    //2.創(chuàng)建DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name = "SecurityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager SecurityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //3.關(guān)聯(lián)Realm
        SecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return SecurityManager;
    }
    //1.創(chuàng)建Realm對(duì)象
    @Bean(name = "userRealm")
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }

}

編寫(xiě)UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {


    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權(quán)");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認(rèn)證");
        return null;
    }
}

編寫(xiě)controller測(cè)試環(huán)境是否搭建好

package com.example.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add(){
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update(){
        return "user/update";
    }
}

實(shí)現(xiàn)登錄攔截

在ShiroConfig.java文件中添加攔截

Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //對(duì)/user/*下的文件只有擁有authc權(quán)限的才能訪問(wèn)
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        //將Map存放到ShiroFilterFactoryBean中
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

這樣，代碼跑起來(lái)，你點(diǎn)擊add或者update就會(huì)出現(xiàn)404錯(cuò)誤，這時(shí)候，我們?cè)倮^續(xù)添加，讓它跳轉(zhuǎn)到我們自定義的登錄頁(yè)

添加登錄攔截到登錄頁(yè)

        //需進(jìn)行權(quán)限認(rèn)證時(shí)跳轉(zhuǎn)到toLogin
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        //權(quán)限認(rèn)證失敗時(shí)跳轉(zhuǎn)到unauthorized
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized");

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="">
    用戶(hù)名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

視圖跳轉(zhuǎn)添加一個(gè)login頁(yè)面跳轉(zhuǎn)

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

上面，我們已經(jīng)成功攔截了，現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶(hù)認(rèn)證

首先，我們需要一個(gè)登錄頁(yè)面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    用戶(hù)名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

其次，去controller編寫(xiě)跳轉(zhuǎn)到登錄頁(yè)面

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
        //獲得當(dāng)前的用戶(hù)
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //封裝用戶(hù)數(shù)據(jù)
        UsernamePasswordToken taken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);

        try{//執(zhí)行登陸操作，沒(méi)有發(fā)生異常就說(shuō)明登陸成功
            subject.login(taken);
            return "index";
        }catch (UnknownAccountException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤");
            return "login";
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯(cuò)誤");
            return "login";
        }

    }

最后去UserRealm.java配置認(rèn)證

   //認(rèn)證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認(rèn)證");

        String name = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤那個(gè)異常
        }

        //密碼認(rèn)證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }

運(yùn)行測(cè)試，成功?。?！

附上最后的完整代碼

pom.xml引入的依賴(lài)

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-08-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot-08-shiro</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <!--  shiro-spring整合包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

靜態(tài)資源

index.html

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁(yè)</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁(yè)</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>| <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>

</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    用戶(hù)名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>add</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>add</p>
</body>
</html>

update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>update</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>update</p>
</body>
</html>

controller層

MyController.java

package com.example.controller;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add(){
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update(){
        return "user/update";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin(){
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
        //獲得當(dāng)前的用戶(hù)
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //封裝用戶(hù)數(shù)據(jù)
        UsernamePasswordToken taken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);

        try{//執(zhí)行登陸操作，沒(méi)有發(fā)生異常就說(shuō)明登陸成功
            subject.login(taken);
            return "index";
        }catch (UnknownAccountException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤");
            return "login";
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯(cuò)誤");
            return "login";
        }

    }

}

config文件

ShiroConfig.java

package com.example.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //4. ShiroFilterFactoryBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getshiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("SecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //5. 設(shè)置安全管理器
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

        /*  shiro內(nèi)置過(guò)濾器
            anon	無(wú)需授權(quán)、登錄就可以訪問(wèn)，所有人可訪。
            authc	 需要登錄授權(quán)才能訪問(wèn)。
            authcBasic	Basic HTTP身份驗(yàn)證攔截器
            logout	退出攔截器。退出成功后，會(huì) redirect到設(shè)置的/URI
            noSessionCreation	不創(chuàng)建會(huì)話連接器
            perms	授權(quán)攔截器，擁有對(duì)某個(gè)資源的權(quán)限才可訪問(wèn)
            port	端口攔截器
            rest	rest風(fēng)格攔截器
            roles	角色攔截器，擁有某個(gè)角色的權(quán)限才可訪問(wèn)
            ssl	ssl攔截器。通過(guò)https協(xié)議才能通過(guò)
            user	用戶(hù)攔截器，需要有remember me功能方可使用
         */
        Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //對(duì)/user/*下的文件只有擁有authc權(quán)限的才能訪問(wèn)
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        //將Map存放到ShiroFilterFactoryBean中
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        //需進(jìn)行權(quán)限認(rèn)證時(shí)跳轉(zhuǎn)到toLogin
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        //權(quán)限認(rèn)證失敗時(shí)跳轉(zhuǎn)到unauthorized
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized");

        return factoryBean;
    }

    //2.創(chuàng)建DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name = "SecurityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager SecurityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //3.關(guān)聯(lián)Realm
        SecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return SecurityManager;
    }
    //1.創(chuàng)建Realm對(duì)象
    @Bean(name = "userRealm")
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }

}

UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    //授權(quán)
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權(quán)");
        return null;
    }
    //認(rèn)證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認(rèn)證");

        String name = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤那個(gè)異常
        }

        //密碼認(rèn)證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }
}

但是，我們?cè)谟脩?hù)認(rèn)證這里，真實(shí)情況是從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中取的，所以，我們接下來(lái)去實(shí)現(xiàn)一下從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中取出數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶(hù)認(rèn)證

Shiro整合mybatis

前期工作

在前面導(dǎo)入的依賴(lài)中，繼續(xù)添加以下依賴(lài)

        <!--  mysql      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--   log4j     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--  數(shù)據(jù)源Druid      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--   引入mybatis     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--  lombok      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

導(dǎo)入了mybatis和Druid，就去application.properties配置一下和Druid
Druid

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 自定義數(shù)據(jù)源

    #Spring Boot 默認(rèn)是不注入這些屬性值的，需要自己綁定
    #druid 數(shù)據(jù)源專(zhuān)有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true

    #配置監(jiān)控統(tǒng)計(jì)攔截的filters，stat:監(jiān)控統(tǒng)計(jì)、log4j：日志記錄、wall：防御sql注入
    #如果允許時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò)  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #則導(dǎo)入 log4j 依賴(lài)即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

mybatis

mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.example.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
編寫(xiě)實(shí)體類(lèi)

package com.example.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private String pwd;
}

編寫(xiě)mapper

package com.example.mapper;

import com.example.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    public User getUserByName(String name);
}

編寫(xiě)mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="getUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
        select * from mybatis.user where name=#{name}
    </select>

</mapper>

編寫(xiě)service

package com.example.service;

import com.example.pojo.User;

public interface UserService {
    public User getUserByName(String name);
}

package com.example.service;

import com.example.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.example.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public User getUserByName(String name) {
        return userMapper.getUserByName(name);
    }
}

使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)

修改UserRealm.java即可

package com.example.config;


import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    //授權(quán)
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權(quán)");
        return null;
    }
    //認(rèn)證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認(rèn)證");

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        //連接真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        User user = userService.getUserByName(userToken.getUsername());

        if (user==null){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤那個(gè)異常
        }

        //密碼認(rèn)證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");
    }
}

認(rèn)證搞完了，我們?cè)賮?lái)看看授權(quán)

在ShiroConfig.java文件加入授權(quán)，加入這行代碼： filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");//只有擁有user:add權(quán)限的人才能訪問(wèn)add，注意授權(quán)的位置在認(rèn)證前面，不然授權(quán)會(huì)認(rèn)證不了；

運(yùn)行測(cè)試：add頁(yè)面無(wú)法訪問(wèn)

授權(quán)同理：filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");//只有擁有user:update權(quán)限的人才能訪問(wèn)update

自定義一個(gè)未授權(quán)跳轉(zhuǎn)頁(yè)面

在ShiroConfig.java文件設(shè)置未授權(quán)時(shí)跳轉(zhuǎn)到unauthorized頁(yè)面，加入這行代碼：
factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized"); 2. 去Mycontroller寫(xiě)跳轉(zhuǎn)未授權(quán)頁(yè)面

    @RequestMapping("/unauthorized")
    @ResponseBody//懶得寫(xiě)界面，返回一個(gè)字符串
    public String unauthorized(){
        return "沒(méi)有授權(quán)，無(wú)法訪問(wèn)";
    }

運(yùn)行效果：

從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中接受用戶(hù)的權(quán)限，進(jìn)行判斷

在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中添加一個(gè)屬性perms，相應(yīng)的實(shí)體類(lèi)也要修改

修改UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    //授權(quán)
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權(quán)");
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();

        //沒(méi)有使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，直接自己設(shè)置的用戶(hù)權(quán)限，給每個(gè)人都設(shè)置了，現(xiàn)實(shí)中要從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中取
        //info.addStringPermission("user:add");

        //從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中得到權(quán)限信息
        //獲得當(dāng)前登錄的對(duì)象
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //拿到User對(duì)象，通過(guò)getPrincipal()獲得
        User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();

        //設(shè)置當(dāng)前用戶(hù)的權(quán)限
        info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());

        return info;
    }
    //認(rèn)證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認(rèn)證");

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        //連接真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
        User user = userService.getUserByName(userToken.getUsername());

        if (user==null){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶(hù)名錯(cuò)誤那個(gè)異常
        }

        //密碼認(rèn)證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");
    }
}

有了授權(quán)后，就又出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們是不是要讓用戶(hù)沒(méi)有權(quán)限的東西，就看不見(jiàn)呢？這時(shí)候，就出現(xiàn)了Shiro-thymeleaf整合

Shiro-thymeleaf整合

導(dǎo)入整合的依賴(lài)

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.theborakompanioni/thymeleaf-extras-shiro -->
<dependency>
   <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

在ShiroConfig整合ShiroDialect

    //整合ShiroDialect： 用來(lái)整合 shiro thymeleaf
    @Bean
    public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
        return  new ShiroDialect();
    }

修改index頁(yè)面

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<!-- 三個(gè)命名空間
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro"
-->
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁(yè)</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁(yè)</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<!--判斷是否有用戶(hù)登錄，如果有就不顯示登錄按鈕-->
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}" rel="external nofollow" >登錄</a>
</div>


<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
    <a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>
</div>


</body>
</html>

判斷是否有用戶(hù)登錄

   //這個(gè)是整合shiro和thymeleaf用到的，讓登錄按鈕消失的判斷
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        Session session = subject.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("loginUser", user);

測(cè)試

以上就是Java安全框架——Shiro的使用詳解(附springboot整合Shiro的demo)的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于Java安全框架——Shiro的資料請(qǐng)關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

您可能感興趣的文章: