const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  routes: [...]
})

export default class VueRouter {
  
  mode: string; // 傳入的字符串參數(shù)，指示history類(lèi)別
  history: HashHistory | HTML5History | AbstractHistory; // 實(shí)際起作用的對(duì)象屬性，必須是以上三個(gè)類(lèi)的枚舉
  fallback: boolean; // 如瀏覽器不支持，'history'模式需回滾為'hash'模式
  
  constructor (options: RouterOptions = {}) {
    
    let mode = options.mode || 'hash' // 默認(rèn)為'hash'模式
    this.fallback = mode === 'history' && !supportsPushState // 通過(guò)supportsPushState判斷瀏覽器是否支持'history'模式
    if (this.fallback) {
      mode = 'hash'
    }
    if (!inBrowser) {
      mode = 'abstract' // 不在瀏覽器環(huán)境下運(yùn)行需強(qiáng)制為'abstract'模式
    }
    this.mode = mode

    // 根據(jù)mode確定history實(shí)際的類(lèi)并實(shí)例化
    switch (mode) {
      case 'history':
        this.history = new HTML5History(this, options.base)
        break
      case 'hash':
        this.history = new HashHistory(this, options.base, this.fallback)
        break
      case 'abstract':
        this.history = new AbstractHistory(this, options.base)
        break
      default:
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          assert(false, `invalid mode: ${mode}`)
        }
    }
  }

  init (app: any /* Vue component instance */) {
    
    const history = this.history

    // 根據(jù)history的類(lèi)別執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的初始化操作和監(jiān)聽(tīng)
    if (history instanceof HTML5History) {
      history.transitionTo(history.getCurrentLocation())
    } else if (history instanceof HashHistory) {
      const setupHashListener = () => {
        history.setupListeners()
      }
      history.transitionTo(
        history.getCurrentLocation(),
        setupHashListener,
        setupHashListener
      )
    }

    history.listen(route => {
      this.apps.forEach((app) => {
        app._route = route
      })
    })
  }

  // VueRouter類(lèi)暴露的以下方法實(shí)際是調(diào)用具體history對(duì)象的方法
  push (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
    this.history.push(location, onComplete, onAbort)
  }

  replace (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
    this.history.replace(location, onComplete, onAbort)
  }
}

window.addEventListener("hashchange", funcRef, false)

push (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
  this.transitionTo(location, route => {
    pushHash(route.fullPath)
    onComplete && onComplete(route)
  }, onAbort)
}

function pushHash (path) {
  window.location.hash = path
}

window.location.hash = route.fullPath

transitionTo (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
  const route = this.router.match(location, this.current)
  this.confirmTransition(route, () => {
    this.updateRoute(route)
    ...
  })
}

updateRoute (route: Route) {
  
  this.cb && this.cb(route)
  
}

listen (cb: Function) {
  this.cb = cb
}

init (app: any /* Vue component instance */) {
    
  this.apps.push(app)

  history.listen(route => {
    this.apps.forEach((app) => {
      app._route = route
    })
  })
}

export function install (Vue) {
  
  Vue.mixin({
    beforeCreate () {
      if (isDef(this.$options.router)) {
        this._router = this.$options.router
        this._router.init(this)
        Vue.util.defineReactive(this, '_route', this._router.history.current)
      }
      registerInstance(this, this)
    },
  })
}

$router.push() --> HashHistory.push() --> History.transitionTo() --> History.updateRoute() --> {app._route = route} --> vm.render()

replace (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
  this.transitionTo(location, route => {
    replaceHash(route.fullPath)
    onComplete && onComplete(route)
  }, onAbort)
}
  
function replaceHash (path) {
  const i = window.location.href.indexOf('#')
  window.location.replace(
    window.location.href.slice(0, i >= 0 ? i : 0) + '#' + path
  )
}

setupListeners () {
  window.addEventListener('hashchange', () => {
    if (!ensureSlash()) {
      return
    }
    this.transitionTo(getHash(), route => {
      replaceHash(route.fullPath)
    })
  })
}

window.history.pushState(stateObject, title, URL)
window.history.replaceState(stateObject, title, URL)

push (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
  const { current: fromRoute } = this
  this.transitionTo(location, route => {
    pushState(cleanPath(this.base + route.fullPath))
    handleScroll(this.router, route, fromRoute, false)
    onComplete && onComplete(route)
  }, onAbort)
}

replace (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
  const { current: fromRoute } = this
  this.transitionTo(location, route => {
    replaceState(cleanPath(this.base + route.fullPath))
    handleScroll(this.router, route, fromRoute, false)
    onComplete && onComplete(route)
  }, onAbort)
}

// src/util/push-state.js
export function pushState (url?: string, replace?: boolean) {
  saveScrollPosition()
  // try...catch the pushState call to get around Safari
  // DOM Exception 18 where it limits to 100 pushState calls
  const history = window.history
  try {
    if (replace) {
      history.replaceState({ key: _key }, '', url)
    } else {
      _key = genKey()
      history.pushState({ key: _key }, '', url)
    }
  } catch (e) {
    window.location[replace ? 'replace' : 'assign'](url)
  }
}

export function replaceState (url?: string) {
  pushState(url, true)
}

constructor (router: Router, base: ?string) {
  
  window.addEventListener('popstate', e => {
    const current = this.current
    this.transitionTo(getLocation(this.base), route => {
      if (expectScroll) {
        handleScroll(router, route, current, true)
      }
    })
  })
}

// src/util/push-state.js
export const supportsPushState = inBrowser && (function () {
  const ua = window.navigator.userAgent

  if (
    (ua.indexOf('Android 2.') !== -1 || ua.indexOf('Android 4.0') !== -1) &&
    ua.indexOf('Mobile Safari') !== -1 &&
    ua.indexOf('Chrome') === -1 &&
    ua.indexOf('Windows Phone') === -1
  ) {
    return false
  }

  return window.history && 'pushState' in window.history
})()

http://oursite.com/#/user/id   // 如重新請(qǐng)求只會(huì)發(fā)送http://oursite.com/

http://oursite.com/user/id

// AndroidAppWrapper
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private WebView webView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        webView = new WebView(this);
        webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/index.html");
        setContentView(webView);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && webView.canGoBack()) {
            webView.goBack();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

file:///android_asset/index.html

export default new Router({
  mode: 'history',
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'index',
      component: IndexView
    }
  ]
})

ensureURL (push?: boolean) {
  if (getLocation(this.base) !== this.current.fullPath) {
    const current = cleanPath(this.base + this.current.fullPath)
    push ? pushState(current) : replaceState(current)
  }
}

export function getLocation (base: string): string {
  let path = window.location.pathname
  if (base && path.indexOf(base) === 0) {
    path = path.slice(base.length)
  }
  return (path || '/') + window.location.search + window.location.hash
}

export class HashHistory extends History {
  constructor (router: Router, base: ?string, fallback: boolean) {
    ...
    ensureSlash()
  }

  // this is delayed until the app mounts
  // to avoid the hashchange listener being fired too early
  setupListeners () {
    window.addEventListener('hashchange', () => {
      if (!ensureSlash()) {
        return
      }
      ...
    })
  }

  getCurrentLocation () {
    return getHash()
  }
}

function ensureSlash (): boolean {
  const path = getHash()
  if (path.charAt(0) === '/') {
    return true
  }
  replaceHash('/' + path)
  return false
}

export function getHash (): string {
  const href = window.location.href
  const index = href.indexOf('#')
  return index === -1 ? '' : href.slice(index + 1)
}

file:///C:/Users/dist/index.html#/