基于Feign實現異步調用

更新時間：2021年05月14日 09:35:11 作者：努力的小星星

近期,需要對之前的接口進行優(yōu)化,縮短接口的響應時間,但是springcloud中的feign是不支持傳遞異步化的回調結果的,因此有了以下的解決方案,記錄一下,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、背景

希望將http的調用由同步等待改為異步，仍使用feign的便捷。

二、使用feign理由

本質上其實feign就是將httpclient常用的操作進行簡單封裝，且屏蔽底層的httpclient，無感知具體的client實現，輕松完成具體client的替換

三、解決方案

feign在10.8版本后提供了Async接口,如下：

四、demo代碼實現

4.1 接口編寫

public interface OriginFeignClient {

    @RequestLine("POST /async/server/api")

    CompletableFuture<String> api(@Param("param") String param);

}

4.2 接口發(fā)布

@Configuration

public class OriginFeignClientConfig {

    @Bean

    public SpringEncoder springEncoder(ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters) {

        return new SpringEncoder(messageConverters);

    }

    @Bean

    public SpringDecoder springDecoder(ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters) {

        return new SpringDecoder(messageConverters);

    }

    @Bean

    public OriginFeignClient originFeignClient(SpringEncoder springEncoder, SpringDecoder springDecoder) {

        return AsyncFeign.asyncBuilder()

                .encoder(springEncoder)

                .decoder(springDecoder)

                .target(OriginFeignClient.class, "http://localhost.charlesproxy.com:8090");

    }

}

4.3 調用

@GetMapping("testApi")

    public String testAsyncClient() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

        List<CompletableFuture<String>> results = new ArrayList<>();

        for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

            results.add(originFeignClient.api(i+""));

        }

        Thread.sleep(3000);

        int index = 0;

        for (CompletableFuture<String> result : results) {

            String str = result.get();

            log.info(String.format("%d, result:%s, ", index, str));

            index++;

        }

        return "success";

    }

4.4 結果（很明顯，是異步調用）

2021-05-11 14:31:29.989 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 0, result:receive: {"param":"0"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.243,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.993 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 1, result:receive: {"param":"1"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.243,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.995 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 2, result:receive: {"param":"2"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.244,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.995 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 3, result:receive: {"param":"3"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.245,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.995 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 4, result:receive: {"param":"4"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.243,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.996 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 5, result:receive: {"param":"5"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.243,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.996 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 6, result:receive: {"param":"6"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.244,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.997 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 7, result:receive: {"param":"7"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.243,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.997 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 8, result:receive: {"param":"8"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.244,

2021-05-11 14:31:29.998 - INFO [TraceId: , SpanId : ] 24745 --- [nio-8091-exec-5] c.m.a.c.controller.ClientController : 9, result:receive: {"param":"9"} at 2021-05-11 02:31:27.245,

五、問題

feign增加的async實現是10.8版本，我們找到Spring boot 2.2.13和相應cloud最新版Hoxton.SR11（當然不是最新，是該小版本下最新，因為目前項目中使用的就是該版本），排查思路就是以@EnableFeignClients為入口

1.EnableFeignClients內容如下

@Import(FeignClientsRegistrar.class)
public @interface EnableFeignClients {
}

引入了FeignClientsRegistrar

2.FeignClientsRegistrar功能如下：

(1)掃描@FeignClient，并將其下入到BeanDefinition中

(2)調用registerFeignClient，構造FeignClientFactoryBean（創(chuàng)建feign的工廠類，關鍵在此）

(3)進入FeignClientFactoryBean內部看下，構建feign的方法：getTarget()：

從context中去找feign.Feign.Builder的實現（即@Bean），看下當前項目中有哪幾種實現：

1.org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignCircuitBreaker.Builder Spring Cloud定義的通用斷路器

2.feign.hystrix.HystrixFeign.Builder 斷路器的原生實現

先不管哪種builder，最終執(zhí)行：loadBalance，方法內容如下：

protected <T> T loadBalance(Feign.Builder builder, FeignContext context,
		HardCodedTarget<T> target) {
	Client client = getOptional(context, Client.class);
	if (client != null) {
		builder.client(client);
		Targeter targeter = get(context, Targeter.class);
		return targeter.target(this, builder, context, target);
	}
 
	throw new IllegalStateException(
			"No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon?");
}

好了??！看到我們想要的了，Client的創(chuàng)建，不對，等等??！Client，我們先看下他的實現類是不是包含我們的AsyncClient，