Java Springboot websocket使用案例詳解
什么是WebSocket
WebSocket是一種在單個TCP連接上進(jìn)行全雙工通信的協(xié)議 …
為什么要實現(xiàn)握手監(jiān)控管理
如果說,連接隨意創(chuàng)建,不管的話,會存在錯誤,broken pipe
表面看單純報錯,并沒什么功能缺陷等,但實際,請求數(shù)增加,容易導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)奔潰。這邊畫重點。
出現(xiàn)原因有很多種,目前我這邊出現(xiàn)的原因,是因為客戶端已關(guān)閉連接,服務(wù)端還持續(xù)推送導(dǎo)致。
如何使用
下面將使用springboot集成的webSocket
導(dǎo)入Maven
首先SpringBoot版本
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
集成websocket
// 加個web集成吧
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>
Java代碼
Config配置
首先,我們需要重寫WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory
主要用來監(jiān)控客戶端握手連接進(jìn)來以及揮手關(guān)閉連接
代碼
需要一個管理Socket的類
package com.li.manager;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* socket管理器
*/
@Slf4j
public class SocketManager {
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocketSession> manager = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocketSession>();
public static void add(String key, WebSocketSession webSocketSession) {
log.info("新添加webSocket連接 {} ", key);
manager.put(key, webSocketSession);
}
public static void remove(String key) {
log.info("移除webSocket連接 {} ", key);
manager.remove(key);
}
public static WebSocketSession get(String key) {
log.info("獲取webSocket連接 {}", key);
return manager.get(key);
}
}
package com.li.factory;
import com.li.manager.SocketManager;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.WebSocketHandlerDecorator;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory;
import java.security.Principal;
/**
* 服務(wù)端和客戶端在進(jìn)行握手揮手時會被執(zhí)行
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WebSocketDecoratorFactory implements WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory {
@Override
public WebSocketHandler decorate(WebSocketHandler handler) {
return new WebSocketHandlerDecorator(handler) {
@Override
public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
log.info("有人連接啦 sessionId = {}", session.getId());
Principal principal = session.getPrincipal();
if (principal != null) {
log.info("key = {} 存入", principal.getName());
// 身份校驗成功,緩存socket連接
SocketManager.add(principal.getName(), session);
}
super.afterConnectionEstablished(session);
}
@Override
public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {
log.info("有人退出連接啦 sessionId = {}", session.getId());
Principal principal = session.getPrincipal();
if (principal != null) {
// 身份校驗成功,移除socket連接
SocketManager.remove(principal.getName());
}
super.afterConnectionClosed(session, closeStatus);
}
};
}
}
注意:以上session變量,需要注意兩點,一個是getId(),一個是getPrincipal().getName()
getId() : 返回的是唯一的會話標(biāo)識符。
getPrincipal() : 經(jīng)過身份驗證,返回Principal實例,未經(jīng)過身份驗證,返回null
Principal: 委托人的抽象概念,可以是公司id,名字,用戶唯一識別token等
當(dāng)你按上面代碼使用,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)getPrincipal()返回null,為什么?這邊還需要重寫一個DefaultHandshakeHandler
代碼
package com.li.handler;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServletServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.DefaultHandshakeHandler;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.security.Principal;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 我們可以通過請求信息,比如token、或者session判用戶是否可以連接,這樣就能夠防范非法用戶
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class PrincipalHandshakeHandler extends DefaultHandshakeHandler {
@Override
protected Principal determineUser(ServerHttpRequest request, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Map<String, Object> attributes) {
/**
* 這邊可以按你的需求,如何獲取唯一的值,既unicode
* 得到的值,會在監(jiān)聽處理連接的屬性中,既WebSocketSession.getPrincipal().getName()
* 也可以自己實現(xiàn)Principal()
*/
if (request instanceof ServletServerHttpRequest) {
ServletServerHttpRequest servletServerHttpRequest = (ServletServerHttpRequest) request;
HttpServletRequest httpRequest = servletServerHttpRequest.getServletRequest();
/**
* 這邊就獲取你最熟悉的陌生人,攜帶參數(shù),你可以cookie,請求頭,或者url攜帶,這邊我采用url攜帶
*/
final String token = httpRequest.getParameter("token");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
return null;
}
return new Principal() {
@Override
public String getName() {
return token;
}
};
}
return null;
}
}
需要的東西都有了,那準(zhǔn)備裝載吧
代碼
package com.li.config;
import com.li.factory.WebSocketDecoratorFactory;
import com.li.handler.PrincipalHandshakeHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketTransportRegistration;
/**
* WebSocketConfig配置
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
@Autowired
private WebSocketDecoratorFactory webSocketDecoratorFactory;
@Autowired
private PrincipalHandshakeHandler principalHandshakeHandler;
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
/**
* myUrl表示 你前端到時要對應(yīng)url映射
*/
registry.addEndpoint("/myUrl")
.setAllowedOrigins("*")
.setHandshakeHandler(principalHandshakeHandler)
.withSockJS();
}
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
/**
* queue 點對點
* topic 廣播
* user 點對點前綴
*/
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/queue", "/topic");
registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user");
}
@Override
public void configureWebSocketTransport(WebSocketTransportRegistration registration) {
registration.addDecoratorFactory(webSocketDecoratorFactory);
super.configureWebSocketTransport(registration);
}
}
終于完成了
最后,來一個通過http請求,將其發(fā)送到客戶端
代碼
package com.li.controller;
import com.li.manager.SocketManager;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private SimpMessagingTemplate template;
/**
* 服務(wù)器指定用戶進(jìn)行推送,需要前端開通 var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl' + '?token=1234');
*/
@RequestMapping("/sendUser")
public void sendUser(String token) {
log.info("token = {} ,對其發(fā)送您好", token);
WebSocketSession webSocketSession = SocketManager.get(token);
if (webSocketSession != null) {
/**
* 主要防止broken pipe
*/
template.convertAndSendToUser(token, "/queue/sendUser", "您好");
}
}
/**
* 廣播,服務(wù)器主動推給連接的客戶端
*/
@RequestMapping("/sendTopic")
public void sendTopic() {
template.convertAndSend("/topic/sendTopic", "大家晚上好");
}
/**
* 客戶端發(fā)消息,服務(wù)端接收
*
* @param message
*/
// 相當(dāng)于RequestMapping
@MessageMapping("/sendServer")
public void sendServer(String message) {
log.info("message:{}", message);
}
/**
* 客戶端發(fā)消息,大家都接收,相當(dāng)于直播說話
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
@MessageMapping("/sendAllUser")
@SendTo("/topic/sendTopic")
public String sendAllUser(String message) {
// 也可以采用template方式
return message;
}
/**
* 點對點用戶聊天,這邊需要注意,由于前端傳過來json數(shù)據(jù),所以使用@RequestBody
* 這邊需要前端開通var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl' + '?token=4567'); token為指定name
* @param map
*/
@MessageMapping("/sendMyUser")
public void sendMyUser(@RequestBody Map<String, String> map) {
log.info("map = {}", map);
WebSocketSession webSocketSession = SocketManager.get(map.get("name"));
if (webSocketSession != null) {
log.info("sessionId = {}", webSocketSession.getId());
template.convertAndSendToUser(map.get("name"), "/queue/sendUser", map.get("message"));
}
}
}
前端代碼
可以直接啟動
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Spring Boot WebSocket+廣播式</title>
</head>
<body>
<noscript>
<h2 style="color:#ff0000">貌似你的瀏覽器不支持websocket</h2>
</noscript>
<div>
<div>
<button id="connect" onclick="connect()">連接</button>
<button id="disconnect" onclick="disconnect();">斷開連接</button>
</div>
<div id="conversationDiv">
<label>輸入你的名字</label> <input type="text" id="name" />
<br>
<label>輸入消息</label> <input type="text" id="messgae" />
<button id="send" onclick="send();">發(fā)送</button>
<p id="response"></p>
</div>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/sockjs-client/1.1.4/sockjs.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/stomp.js/2.3.3/stomp.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var stompClient = null;
//gateway網(wǎng)關(guān)的地址
var host="http://127.0.0.1:8888";
function setConnected(connected) {
document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;
document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;
document.getElementById('conversationDiv').style.visibility = connected ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
$('#response').html();
}
// SendUser ***********************************************
function connect() {
//地址+端點路徑,構(gòu)建websocket鏈接地址,注意,對應(yīng)config配置里的addEndpoint
var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl' + '?token=4567');
stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({}, function(frame) {
setConnected(true);
console.log('Connected:' + frame);
//監(jiān)聽的路徑以及回調(diào)
stompClient.subscribe('/user/queue/sendUser', function(response) {
showResponse(response.body);
});
});
}
/*
function connect() {
//地址+端點路徑,構(gòu)建websocket鏈接地址,注意,對應(yīng)config配置里的addEndpoint
var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl');
stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({}, function(frame) {
setConnected(true);
console.log('Connected:' + frame);
//監(jiān)聽的路徑以及回調(diào)
stompClient.subscribe('/topic/sendTopic', function(response) {
showResponse(response.body);
});
});
}*/
function disconnect() {
if (stompClient != null) {
stompClient.disconnect();
}
setConnected(false);
console.log("Disconnected");
}
function send() {
var name = $('#name').val();
var message = $('#messgae').val();
/*//發(fā)送消息的路徑,由客戶端發(fā)送消息到服務(wù)端
stompClient.send("/sendServer", {}, message);
*/
/*// 發(fā)送給所有廣播sendTopic的人,客戶端發(fā)消息,大家都接收,相當(dāng)于直播說話 注:連接需開啟 /topic/sendTopic
stompClient.send("/sendAllUser", {}, message);
*/
/* 這邊需要注意,需要啟動不同的前端html進(jìn)行測試,需要改不同token ,例如 token=1234,token=4567
* 然后可以通過寫入name 為token 進(jìn)行指定用戶發(fā)送
*/
stompClient.send("/sendMyUser", {}, JSON.stringify({name:name,message:message}));
}
function showResponse(message) {
var response = $('#response');
response.html(message);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
到此這篇關(guān)于Java Springboot websocket使用案例詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Java Springboot websocket使用內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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