Android 架構(gòu)之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫框架升級
前言:
上一篇講解了Android 架構(gòu)之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)框架搭建 ,里面含有數(shù)據(jù)庫最基礎(chǔ)的增刪改查功能,不過只考慮了單數(shù)據(jù)庫,開發(fā)者可以舉一反三按照對應(yīng)思路設(shè)計(jì)多數(shù)據(jù)庫架構(gòu)。 在本篇里,將會(huì)講解令開發(fā)者比較頭疼的數(shù)據(jù)庫升級。
話不多說,先來看代碼效果,看看是否是想要的
如上圖所示:
- 當(dāng)前APP版本號(hào)為V007;
- V001、V002升級到V007有對應(yīng)的處理邏輯;
- V003、V004、V005、V006升級到V007也有對應(yīng)的處理邏輯;
- 同理可實(shí)現(xiàn)任意版本可闊多個(gè)版本升級到最新數(shù)據(jù)庫;
開始之前我們先理一下數(shù)據(jù)庫升級的邏輯
- 任何數(shù)據(jù)庫在操作之前,我們最好有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫備份,所以這里得要備份對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫File文件;
- 任何數(shù)據(jù)表在操作之前,也要有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)表備份,所以這里會(huì)在原表名加前后綴操作;
- 在數(shù)據(jù)表升級的時(shí)候,有些時(shí)候可能會(huì)對表名、表列做任意增刪改的操作,所以這里每次都要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)全新的表;
- 全新表創(chuàng)建好了,但是一張空表,這里就需要查詢對應(yīng)加了前后綴的原表數(shù)據(jù),將對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)添加至新表里;
- 數(shù)據(jù)全部拷貝完成時(shí),為了讓用戶有良好的體驗(yàn),我們需要?jiǎng)h除對應(yīng)加了前后綴的原表;
- 對應(yīng)原表刪除完畢時(shí),我們需要?jiǎng)h除對應(yīng)備份數(shù)據(jù)庫的
File
文件。
總結(jié):
- 操作【1】和【6】 這倆操作 屬于 java代碼執(zhí)行
- 其他【2】、【3】、【4】、【5】 這些操作,都屬于SQL操作
- 但SQL操作,通過效果圖發(fā)現(xiàn),是寫在XML文件里面的,所以需要寫一個(gè)XML解析器
現(xiàn)在我們就按照對應(yīng)步驟一一講解
1、備份原數(shù)據(jù)庫File文件
/** * 復(fù)制單個(gè)文件(可更名復(fù)制) * * @param oldPathFile 準(zhǔn)備復(fù)制的文件源 * @param newPathFile 拷貝到新絕對路徑帶文件名(注:目錄路徑需帶文件名) * @return */ public static void CopySingleFile(String oldPathFile, String newPathFile) { try { // int bytesum = 0; int byteread = 0; File oldfile = new File(oldPathFile); File newFile = new File(newPathFile); File parentFile = newFile.getParentFile(); if (!parentFile.exists()) { parentFile.mkdirs(); } if (oldfile.exists()) { //文件存在時(shí) InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(oldPathFile); //讀入原文件 FileOutputStream fs = new FileOutputStream(newPathFile); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; while ((byteread = inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { // bytesum += byteread; //字節(jié)數(shù) 文件大小 fs.write(buffer, 0, byteread); } inStream.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
總結(jié):這也沒啥可說的,就一個(gè)很簡單的文件復(fù)制。
2、數(shù)據(jù)庫升級XML編寫 updateXml.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <updateXml> <createVersion version="V007"> <createDb name="hqk"> <!-- 要升級數(shù)據(jù)庫對應(yīng)名 ,如果應(yīng)用含多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫,那么可以創(chuàng)建多個(gè) createDb 標(biāo)簽--> <sql_createTable> <!-- 創(chuàng)建最新的表結(jié)構(gòu) --> <!-- @DbFiled("time") private String time; @DbFiled("id") private Long id; @DbFiled("path") private String path; --> create table if not exists tb_photo ( id Long,tb_time TEXT ,tb_path TEXT,tb_name TEXT); </sql_createTable> </createDb> </createVersion> <!-- V001,V002對應(yīng)版本的app升級到 最新V007版本的升級邏輯--> <updateStep versionFrom="V001,V002" versionTo="V007"> <!-- 對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)升級邏輯,對應(yīng)上面的 createDb 標(biāo)簽name ,如果有多對 createDb,這里也可執(zhí)行多對 updateDb--> <updateDb name="hqk"> <sql_before> <!-- 將V001,V002對應(yīng)的舊表重命名備份--> alter table tb_photo rename to bak_tb_photo; </sql_before> <sql_after> <!-- 查詢重命名后舊表數(shù)據(jù),將對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)添加至新表里--> insert into tb_photo(tb_time,id, tb_path) select tb_time,tb_id,tb_path from bak_tb_photo; </sql_after> <sql_after><!-- 刪除舊表備份--> drop table if exists bak_tb_photo; </sql_after> </updateDb> </updateStep> <updateStep versionFrom="V003,V004,V005,V006" versionTo="V007"> <updateDb name="hqk"> <sql_before> alter table tb_photo rename to bak_tb_photo; </sql_before> <sql_after> insert into tb_photo(tb_time,id, tb_path) select tb_time,tb_id,tb_path from bak_tb_photo; </sql_after> <sql_after> drop table if exists bak_tb_photo; </sql_after> </updateDb> </updateStep> </updateXml>
總結(jié):
createVersion
標(biāo)簽 ,表示 當(dāng)前 最新APP版本需要操作的內(nèi)容createDb
標(biāo)簽,表示當(dāng)前最新對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫要操作的內(nèi)容,可多組標(biāo)簽,實(shí)現(xiàn)多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫升級sql_createTable
標(biāo)簽,表示當(dāng)前最新對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)表要操作的內(nèi)容,可多組標(biāo)簽,實(shí)現(xiàn)多表升級updateStep
標(biāo)簽,表示不同版本要升級的對象,可多組標(biāo)簽,達(dá)到不同版本數(shù)據(jù)庫升級到最新數(shù)據(jù)庫的效果updateDb
標(biāo)簽,表示舊版本要修改的對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫sql_before
標(biāo)簽,表示數(shù)據(jù)庫升級時(shí)優(yōu)先級最高的SQL,(在新表創(chuàng)建前執(zhí)行)sql_after
標(biāo)簽,表示數(shù)據(jù)庫升級時(shí)優(yōu)先級最低并按順序執(zhí)行的SQL(在新表創(chuàng)建后執(zhí)行)
3、創(chuàng)建XML解析器
3.1 對應(yīng)工具類 DomUtils.class
public class DomUtils { /** * 讀取升級xml * * @param context * @return */ public static UpdateDbXml readDbXml(Context context) { InputStream is = null; Document document = null; try { is = context.getAssets().open("updateXml.xml"); DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder(); document = builder.parse(is); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (is != null) { try { is.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } if (document == null) { return null; } UpdateDbXml xml = new UpdateDbXml(document); return xml; } /** * 新表插入數(shù)據(jù) * * @param xml * @param lastVersion 上個(gè)版本 * @param thisVersion 當(dāng)前版本 * @return */ public static UpdateStep findStepByVersion(UpdateDbXml xml, String lastVersion, String thisVersion) { if (lastVersion == null || thisVersion == null) { return null; } // 更新腳本 UpdateStep thisStep = null; if (xml == null) { return null; } List<UpdateStep> steps = xml.getUpdateSteps(); if (steps == null || steps.size() == 0) { return null; } for (UpdateStep step : steps) { if (step.getVersionFrom() == null || step.getVersionTo() == null) { } else { // 升級來源以逗號(hào)分隔 String[] lastVersionArray = step.getVersionFrom().split(","); if (lastVersionArray != null && lastVersionArray.length > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < lastVersionArray.length; i++) { // 有一個(gè)配到update節(jié)點(diǎn)即升級數(shù)據(jù) if (lastVersion.equalsIgnoreCase(lastVersionArray[i]) && step.getVersionTo().equalsIgnoreCase(thisVersion)) { thisStep = step; break; } } } } } return thisStep; } /** * 解析出對應(yīng)版本的建表腳本 * * @return */ public static CreateVersion findCreateByVersion(UpdateDbXml xml, String version) { CreateVersion cv = null; if (xml == null || version == null) { return cv; } List<CreateVersion> createVersions = xml.getCreateVersions(); if (createVersions != null) { for (CreateVersion item : createVersions) { Log.i("david", "item=" + item.toString()); // 如果表相同則要支持xml中逗號(hào)分隔 String[] createVersion = item.getVersion().trim().split(","); for (int i = 0; i < createVersion.length; i++) { if (createVersion[i].trim().equalsIgnoreCase(version)) { cv = item; break; } } } } return cv; } }
3.2 對應(yīng)XML的實(shí)體類
UpdateDbXml
/** * @ClassName: UpdateDbXml * @Description: 升級更新數(shù)據(jù)庫 * */ public class UpdateDbXml { /** * 升級腳本列表 */ private List<UpdateStep> updateSteps; /** * 升級版本 */ private List<CreateVersion> createVersions; public UpdateDbXml(Document document) { { // 獲取升級腳本 NodeList updateSteps = document.getElementsByTagName("updateStep"); this.updateSteps = new ArrayList<UpdateStep>(); for (int i = 0; i < updateSteps.getLength(); i++) { Element ele = (Element) (updateSteps.item(i)); Log.i("jett","updateSteps 各個(gè)升級的版本:"+ele.toString()); UpdateStep step = new UpdateStep(ele); this.updateSteps.add(step); } } { /** * 獲取各升級版本 */ NodeList createVersions = document.getElementsByTagName("createVersion"); this.createVersions = new ArrayList<CreateVersion>(); for (int i = 0; i < createVersions.getLength(); i++) { Element ele = (Element) (createVersions.item(i)); Log.i("jett","各個(gè)升級的版本:"+ele.toString()); CreateVersion cv = new CreateVersion(ele); this.createVersions.add(cv); } } } public List<UpdateStep> getUpdateSteps() { return updateSteps; } public void setUpdateSteps(List<UpdateStep> updateSteps) { this.updateSteps = updateSteps; } public List<CreateVersion> getCreateVersions() { return createVersions; } public void setCreateVersions(List<CreateVersion> createVersions) { this.createVersions = createVersions; } }
UpdateStep.class
/** * @ClassName: UpdateStep * @Description: 數(shù)據(jù)庫升級腳本信息 */ public class UpdateStep { /** * 舊版本 */ private String versionFrom; /** * 新版本 */ private String versionTo; /** * 更新數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本 */ private List<UpdateDb> updateDbs; // ================================================== public UpdateStep(Element ele) { versionFrom = ele.getAttribute("versionFrom"); versionTo = ele.getAttribute("versionTo"); updateDbs = new ArrayList<UpdateDb>(); NodeList dbs = ele.getElementsByTagName("updateDb"); for (int i = 0; i < dbs.getLength(); i++) { Element db = (Element) (dbs.item(i)); UpdateDb updateDb = new UpdateDb(db); this.updateDbs.add(updateDb); } } public List<UpdateDb> getUpdateDbs() { return updateDbs; } public void setUpdateDbs(List<UpdateDb> updateDbs) { this.updateDbs = updateDbs; } public String getVersionFrom() { return versionFrom; } public void setVersionFrom(String versionFrom) { this.versionFrom = versionFrom; } public String getVersionTo() { return versionTo; } public void setVersionTo(String versionTo) { this.versionTo = versionTo; } }
UpdateDb.class
** * @ClassName: UpdateDb * @Description: 更新數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本 * */ public class UpdateDb { /** * 數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱 */ private String dbName; /** * */ private List<String> sqlBefores; /** * */ private List<String> sqlAfters; public UpdateDb(Element ele) { dbName = ele.getAttribute("name"); sqlBefores = new ArrayList<String>(); sqlAfters = new ArrayList<String>(); { NodeList sqls = ele.getElementsByTagName("sql_before"); for (int i = 0; i < sqls.getLength(); i++) { String sql_before = sqls.item(i).getTextContent(); this.sqlBefores.add(sql_before); } } { NodeList sqls = ele.getElementsByTagName("sql_after"); for (int i = 0; i < sqls.getLength(); i++) { String sql_after = sqls.item(i).getTextContent(); this.sqlAfters.add(sql_after); } } } public String getName() { return dbName; } public void setDbName(String dbName) { this.dbName = dbName; } public List<String> getSqlBefores() { return sqlBefores; } public void setSqlBefores(List<String> sqlBefores) { this.sqlBefores = sqlBefores; } public List<String> getSqlAfters() { return sqlAfters; } public void setSqlAfters(List<String> sqlAfters) { this.sqlAfters = sqlAfters; } }
CreateVersion.class
public class CreateVersion { /** * 版本信息 */ private String version; /** * 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表腳本 */ private List<CreateDb> createDbs; public CreateVersion(Element ele) { version = ele.getAttribute("version"); Log.i("jett","CreateVersion="+version); { createDbs = new ArrayList<CreateDb>(); NodeList cs = ele.getElementsByTagName("createDb"); for (int i = 0; i < cs.getLength(); i++) { Element ci = (Element) (cs.item(i)); CreateDb cd = new CreateDb(ci); this.createDbs.add(cd); } } } public String getVersion() { return version; } public void setVersion(String version) { this.version = version; } public List<CreateDb> getCreateDbs() { return createDbs; } public void setCreateDbs(List<CreateDb> createDbs) { this.createDbs = createDbs; } }
CreateDb.class
/** * @ClassName: CreateDb * @Description: 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本 * */ public class CreateDb { /** * 數(shù)據(jù)庫表名 */ private String name; /** * 創(chuàng)建表的sql語句集合 */ private List<String> sqlCreates; public CreateDb(Element ele) { name = ele.getAttribute("name"); { sqlCreates = new ArrayList<String>(); NodeList sqls = ele.getElementsByTagName("sql_createTable"); for (int i = 0; i < sqls.getLength(); i++) { String sqlCreate = sqls.item(i).getTextContent(); this.sqlCreates.add(sqlCreate); } } } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public List<String> getSqlCreates() { return sqlCreates; } public void setSqlCreates(List<String> sqlCreates) { this.sqlCreates = sqlCreates; } }
4、萬事俱備只欠東風(fēng): UpdateManager.class
public class UpdateManager { private File parentFile = ContUtils.parentFile; private File bakFile = ContUtils.bakFile; private List<User> userList; public void startUpdateDb(Context context) { //讀取XML文件,將XML內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為對應(yīng)對象 UpdateDbXml updateDbxml = DomUtils.readDbXml(context); // 下載 上一個(gè)版本 --》下一個(gè)版本 【注:在下載時(shí),需要將舊版本、新版本以逗號(hào)的形式寫入文件緩存】 String[] versions = FileUtil.getLocalVersionInfo(new File(parentFile, "update.txt")); String lastVersion = versions[0];//拿到上一個(gè)版本 String thisVersion = versions[1];//拿到當(dāng)前版本 //數(shù)據(jù)庫File原地址 String userFile = ContUtils.sqliteDatabasePath; //數(shù)據(jù)庫File備份地址 String user_bak = ContUtils.copySqliteDatabasePath; //升級前,數(shù)據(jù)庫File備份 FileUtil.CopySingleFile(userFile, user_bak); //根據(jù)對應(yīng)新舊版本號(hào)查詢XML轉(zhuǎn)化對象里面的腳本,得到對應(yīng)升級腳本 UpdateStep updateStep = DomUtils.findStepByVersion(updateDbxml, lastVersion, thisVersion); if (updateStep == null) { return; } //拿到對應(yīng)升級腳本 List<UpdateDb> updateDbs = updateStep.getUpdateDbs(); try { //將原始數(shù)據(jù)庫中所有的表名 更改成 bak_表名(數(shù)據(jù)還在) executeBeforesSql(updateDbs); //檢查新表,創(chuàng)建新表 CreateVersion createVersion = DomUtils.findCreateByVersion(updateDbxml, thisVersion); executeCreateVersion(createVersion); //將原來bak_表名 的數(shù)據(jù)遷移到 新表中 executeAftersSql(updateDbs); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void executeAftersSql(List<UpdateDb> updateDbs) throws Exception { for (UpdateDb db : updateDbs) { if (db == null || db.getName() == null) { throw new Exception("db or dbName is null;"); } List<String> sqls = db.getSqlAfters(); SQLiteDatabase sqlitedb = getDb(); //執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫語句 executeSql(sqlitedb, sqls); sqlitedb.close(); } } private void executeCreateVersion(CreateVersion createVersion) throws Exception { if (createVersion == null || createVersion.getCreateDbs() == null) { throw new Exception("createVersion or createDbs is null;"); } for (CreateDb cd : createVersion.getCreateDbs()) { if (cd == null || cd.getName() == null) { throw new Exception("db or dbName is null when createVersion;"); } // 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表sql List<String> sqls = cd.getSqlCreates(); SQLiteDatabase sqlitedb = getDb(); executeSql(sqlitedb, sqls); sqlitedb.close(); } } //所有的表名 更改成 bak_表名(數(shù)據(jù)還在) private void executeBeforesSql(List<UpdateDb> updateDbs) throws Exception { for (UpdateDb db : updateDbs) { if (db == null || db.getName() == null) { throw new Exception("db or dbName is null;"); } List<String> sqls = db.getSqlBefores(); SQLiteDatabase sqlitedb = getDb(); //執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫語句 executeSql(sqlitedb, sqls); sqlitedb.close(); } } private SQLiteDatabase getDb() { String dbfilepath = null; SQLiteDatabase sqlitedb = null; dbfilepath = ContUtils.sqliteDatabasePath;// logic對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫路徑 if (dbfilepath != null) { File f = new File(dbfilepath); f.mkdirs(); if (f.isDirectory()) { f.delete(); } sqlitedb = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(dbfilepath, null); } return sqlitedb; } private void executeSql(SQLiteDatabase sqlitedb, List<String> sqls) { // 檢查參數(shù) if (sqls == null || sqls.size() == 0) { return; } sqlitedb.beginTransaction(); for (String sql : sqls) { sql = sql.replaceAll("\r\n", " "); sql = sql.replaceAll("\n", " "); if (!"".equals(sql.trim())) { try { // Logger.i(TAG, "執(zhí)行sql:" + sql, false); sqlitedb.execSQL(sql); } catch (SQLException e) { } } } sqlitedb.setTransactionSuccessful(); sqlitedb.endTransaction(); } }
到此這篇關(guān)于Android
架構(gòu)之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫框架升級的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Android 架構(gòu)之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫框架內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
相關(guān)文章
Android基于opencv實(shí)現(xiàn)多通道分離與合并
針對圖像多通道的分離與混合,OpenCV 4中提供了split()函數(shù)和merge()函數(shù)用于解決這些需求。本文講解一下Android如何調(diào)用這些函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)多通道分離與合并2021-06-06Android 退出應(yīng)用程序的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法
這篇文章主要介紹了Android 退出應(yīng)用程序的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下2017-04-04解決Error:All flavors must now belong to a named flavor dimens
這篇文章主要介紹了解決Error:All flavors must now belong to a named flavor dimension. Learn more at https://d.android.com,需要的朋友可以參考下2017-11-11