SpringBoot整合sharding-jdbc實現(xiàn)分庫分表與讀寫分離的示例
一、前言
本文將基于以下環(huán)境整合sharding-jdbc實現(xiàn)分庫分表與讀寫分離
- springboot2.4.0
- mybatis-plus3.4.3.1
- mysql5.7主從
https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere
二、數(shù)據(jù)庫表準備
溫馨小提示:此sql執(zhí)行時,如果之前有存在相應庫和表會進行自動刪除后再創(chuàng)建!
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds0;
CREATE DATABASE ds0;
USE ds0;
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_user0
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`;
CREATE TABLE `t_user0` (
`user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID',
`username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名',
`password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼',
`sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別',
`remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_user1
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`;
CREATE TABLE `t_user1` (
`user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID',
`username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名',
`password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼',
`sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別',
`remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
-- ===============================================================================================
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds1;
CREATE DATABASE ds1;
USE ds1;
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_user0
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`;
CREATE TABLE `t_user0` (
`user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID',
`username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名',
`password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼',
`sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別',
`remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_user1
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`;
CREATE TABLE `t_user1` (
`user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID',
`username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名',
`password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼',
`sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別',
`remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

三、整合
1、pom中引入依賴
<!-- sharding-jdbc -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.shardingsphere/sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1</version>
</dependency>
2、application.yml配置
spring:
# sharding-jdbc配置
shardingsphere:
# 是否開啟SQL顯示
props:
sql:
show: true
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 數(shù)據(jù)源配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
datasource:
names: ds-master-0,ds-slave-0-1,ds-slave-0-2,ds-master-1,ds-slave-1-1,ds-slave-1-2
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第1個主從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 主庫1
ds-master-0:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫1-從庫1
ds-slave-0-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫1-從庫2
ds-slave-0-2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第2個主從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 主庫2
ds-master-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫2-從庫1
ds-slave-1-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫2-從庫2
ds-slave-1-2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
sharding:
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 分庫分表配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 分庫策略 => 根據(jù)user_id取模拆分到不同的庫中
default-database-strategy:
inline:
sharding-column: user_id
algorithm-expression: ds-master-$->{user_id % 2}
# 分表策略
tables:
t_user:
actual-data-nodes: ds-master-$->{0..1}.t_user$->{0..1}
key-generator:
column: user_id # 主鍵ID
type: SNOWFLAKE # 生成策略
# 添加數(shù)據(jù)分表策略
table-strategy:
inline:
# 添加數(shù)據(jù)分表字段(根據(jù)字段插入數(shù)據(jù)到那個表 ex:sex)
sharding-column: sex
# 分片算法表達式 => 根據(jù)用戶性別取模拆分到不同的表中
algorithm-expression: t_user$->{sex % 2}
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 讀寫分離配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
master-slave-rules:
ds-master-0:
# 主庫
masterDataSourceName: ds-master-0
# 從庫
slaveDataSourceNames:
- ds-slave-0-1
- ds-slave-0-2
# 從庫查詢數(shù)據(jù)的負載均衡算法 目前有2種算法 round_robin(輪詢)和 random(隨機)
# 算法接口 org.apache.shardingsphere.spi.masterslave.MasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm
# 實現(xiàn)類 RandomMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm 和 RoundRobinMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm
loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN
ds-master-1:
masterDataSourceName: ds-master-1
slaveDataSourceNames:
- ds-slave-1-1
- ds-slave-1-2
loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN
3、引入sharding-jdbc后數(shù)據(jù)源健康配置
解決啟動報錯問題: ConnectionCallback; isValid; nested exception is java.sql.SQLFeatureNotSupportedException: isValid
原因: springboot2.4數(shù)據(jù)源健康檢查
@Configuration
public class DataSourceHealthConfig extends DataSourceHealthContributorAutoConfiguration {
@Value("${spring.datasource.dbcp2.validation-query:select 1}")
private String defaultQuery;
public DataSourceHealthConfig(Map<String, DataSource> dataSources, ObjectProvider<DataSourcePoolMetadataProvider> metadataProviders) {
super(dataSources, metadataProviders);
}
@Override
protected AbstractHealthIndicator createIndicator(DataSource source) {
DataSourceHealthIndicator indicator = (DataSourceHealthIndicator) super.createIndicator(source);
if (!StringUtils.hasText(indicator.getQuery())) {
indicator.setQuery(defaultQuery);
}
return indicator;
}
}
到此配置完成,然后就可以自己編寫CRUD進行測試了,配置比較簡單,屬于入門篇
四、docker-compose部署mysql主從
# 環(huán)境準備 git clone https://gitee.com/zhengqingya/docker-compose.git cd docker-compose/Liunx # 運行 docker-compose -f docker-compose-mysql-master-slave.yml -p mysql-master-slave up -d
# ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置主庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ================== # 進入主庫 docker exec -it mysql_master /bin/bash # 登錄mysql mysql -uroot -proot # 創(chuàng)建用戶slave,密碼123456 CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; # 授予slave用戶 `REPLICATION SLAVE`權限和`REPLICATION CLIENT`權限,用于在`主` `從` 數(shù)據(jù)庫之間同步數(shù)據(jù) GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%'; # 授予所有權限則執(zhí)行命令: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%'; # 使操作生效 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; # 查看狀態(tài) show master status; # 注:File和Position字段的值slave中將會用到,在slave操作完成之前不要操作master,否則將會引起狀態(tài)變化,即File和Position字段的值變化 !!! # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # | mysql-bin.000003 | 769 | | | | # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # 1 row in set (0.00 sec) # ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ================== # 進入從庫 docker exec -it mysql_slave /bin/bash # 登錄mysql mysql -uroot -proot change master to master_host='www.zhengqingya.com',master_port=3306, master_user='slave', master_password='123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos= 769, master_connect_retry=30; # 開啟主從同步過程 【停止命令:stop slave;】 start slave; # 查看主從同步狀態(tài) show slave status \G # Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都是Yes的話,就說明主從同步已經配置好了! # 如果Slave_IO_Running為Connecting,SlaveSQLRunning為Yes,則說明配置有問題,這時候就要檢查配置中哪一步出現(xiàn)問題了哦,可根據(jù)Last_IO_Error字段信息排錯或谷歌… # *************************** 1. row *************************** # Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event # Master_Host: www.zhengqingya.com # Master_User: slave # Master_Port: 3306 # Connect_Retry: 30 # Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 # Read_Master_Log_Pos: 769 # Relay_Log_File: c598d8402b43-relay-bin.000002 # Relay_Log_Pos: 320 # Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 # Slave_IO_Running: Yes # Slave_SQL_Running: Yes # Replicate_Do_DB:
五、本文案例demo源碼
https://gitee.com/zhengqingya/java-workspace
到此這篇關于SpringBoot整合sharding-jdbc實現(xiàn)分庫分表與讀寫分離的示例的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關SpringBoot sharding-jdbc分庫分表與讀寫分離內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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