import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Stack;
 
public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private final String[] ButtonNames = {"(", ")", "←", "C", "7", "8", "9", "+", "4", "5",
            "6", "-", "1", "2", "3", "*", ".", "0", "=", "/"};
    private JTextField DisplayBox = new JTextField("0.0");
    private JTextField Cache = new JTextField("");
    private JButton[] Buttons = new JButton[ButtonNames.length];
 
    public Calculator() {
        super();
        setTitle("計算器");
        init();
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 400, 600);
        setResizable(false);                                 //窗口不可調整大小
        setVisible(true);
    }
 
    private void init() {                                    //完成布局以及定義監(jiān)聽器
        DisplayBox.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); //文本框右對齊
        DisplayBox.setFont(new Font("DIN", Font.BOLD, 30));   //DIN：一種數(shù)字常用字體
        Cache.setFont(new Font("DIN", Font.BOLD, 30));
 
        GridBagLayout gridBagLayout = new GridBagLayout();   //采取網(wǎng)格包布局
        GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;   //該方法是為了設置如果組件所在的區(qū)域比組件本身要大時的顯示情況
        gridBagConstraints.weightx = 1;   //使組件的大小取得最大空間
        gridBagConstraints.weighty = 1;
        setLayout(gridBagLayout);
 
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;    //緩存區(qū)起始位置為(0,0)，橫向占據(jù)4格，縱向1格
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.gridheight = 1;
        gridBagLayout.setConstraints(Cache, gridBagConstraints);
        this.add(Cache);
 
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;    //文本框起始位置為(0,0)，橫向占據(jù)4格，縱向2格
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.gridheight = 2;
        gridBagLayout.setConstraints(DisplayBox, gridBagConstraints);
        this.add(DisplayBox);
 
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;       //按鈕起始位置為(0,3)
        gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = 1;   //每個按鈕占據(jù)1格
        gridBagConstraints.gridheight = 1;
 
        for (int i = 0; i < ButtonNames.length; i++) {
            Buttons[i] = new JButton(ButtonNames[i]);
        }
        int n = 0;                           //記錄每一行輸出的按鈕數(shù)，滿4換行
        for (int i = 0; i < Buttons.length; i++) {
            gridBagLayout.setConstraints(Buttons[i], gridBagConstraints);
            this.add(Buttons[i]);
            n++;
            if (n == 4) {
                gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
                gridBagConstraints.gridy++;
                n = 0;
            } else {
                gridBagConstraints.gridx++;
            }
        }
 
        for (int i = 0; i < Buttons.length; i++) {     //事件監(jiān)聽器
            Buttons[i].addActionListener(this);
        }
    }
 
 
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {   //對事件的處理
        String str;
        String value = e.getActionCommand();    //獲取按鈕的值
        char v = value.charAt(0);
        switch (v) {
            case 'C':
                DisplayBox.setText("0.0");
                break;
            case '←':
                DeleteOne();
                break;
            case '=':
                String string = DisplayBox.getText();
                Cache.setText(string + "=");
                if (isTrue(string)) {            //若格式正確
                    str = retureResult();
                    DisplayBox.setText(str);
                } else {
                    DisplayBox.setText("輸入格式不合法");
                }
                break;
            default:
                AddOne(value);
                break;
        }
    }
 
    private void DeleteOne() {       //刪除一個字符
        String str;
        str = DisplayBox.getText();
        if (str.length() == 1) {
            DisplayBox.setText("0.0");
        } else if(!str.equals("0.0")) {
            str = str.substring(0, str.length() - 1);  //去掉最后一個元素
            DisplayBox.setText(str);
        }
    }
 
    private void AddOne(String value) {    //增加一個字符
        String str;
        str = DisplayBox.getText();
        if (str.equals("0.0")) {                       //第一次輸入
            DisplayBox.setText(value);
        } else {
            str = str + value;
            DisplayBox.setText(str);
        }
    }
 
    private String retureResult() {                  //對輸入的式子進行運算；基本方法：逆波蘭法，中綴轉后綴
        String string = DisplayBox.getText();
        String[] Midfix = breakDown(string);        //中綴表達式的數(shù)組
        String[] suffix = Conversion(Midfix);       //得到后綴表達式
        String result = Calculation(suffix);        //計算后綴表達式結果
        return result;
    }
 
    private String Calculation(String[] suffix) {
        Stack<String> stack = new Stack<>();
        String symbols = "+-*/";            //轉換為后綴表達式的式子只會有 +-*/ 符號不會有 ()
        for (int i = 0; i < suffix.length; i++) {
            if (suffix[i] == null) {         //suffix后面可能出現(xiàn)null 故對其篩選不進行下列的操作
                continue;
            }
            if (symbols.indexOf(suffix[i]) >= 0) {       //為符號時進行運算
                double top1;
                double top2;
                double top;
                switch (suffix[i]) {
                    case "+":
                        top1 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());  //取棧頂將其轉化為double
                        top2 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top = top2 + top1;
                        stack.push(String.valueOf(top));    //將top轉化為String入棧
                        break;
                    case "-":
                        top1 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top2 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top = top2 - top1;
                        stack.push(String.valueOf(top));
                        break;
                    case "*":
                        top1 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top2 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top = top2 * top1;
                        stack.push(String.valueOf(top));
                        break;
                    case "/":
                        top1 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        top2 = Double.parseDouble(stack.pop());
                        if (top1 == 0) {
                            return "運算過程中除數(shù)出現(xiàn)0";
                        }
                        top = top2 / top1;
                        stack.push(String.valueOf(top));
                        break;
                }
            } else {        //為數(shù)字直接入棧
                stack.push(suffix[i]);
            }
        }
        String result = stack.pop();
        return result;
    }
 
    private String[] breakDown(String string) {      //將(2+3.14)+9分解成 ( 2 + 3.14 ) + 9便于后續(xù)計算
        String[] split = string.split("");
        String DigitString = "0123456789.";
        String afterSplit = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) {    //將 2+3.14 變成 2,+,3.14 便于拆分
            if (DigitString.indexOf(split[i]) >= 0) {
                afterSplit = afterSplit + split[i];
            } else if(afterSplit.equals("") && DigitString.indexOf(split[i]) < 0) { //第一個為符號時只在后面加。
                afterSplit = afterSplit + split[i] + ",";
            } else {                                //為 () 或 =-*/ 在其兩側加上 ,
                afterSplit = afterSplit + "," + split[i] + ",";
            }
        }
        afterSplit = afterSplit.replace(",,", ",");  //避免(2+3)+2產生……3,),,+,2
        split = afterSplit.split(",");  //產生的字符串數(shù)組中只會含+-*/()整數(shù)和小數(shù)
        return split;
    }
 
    private String[] Conversion(String[] strings) {     //中綴轉后綴
        String[] suffix = new String[strings.length];    //后綴表達式
        int n = 0;                                       //suffix的下標
        Stack<String> stack = new Stack<>();
        String first = "*/";
        String symbols = "+-*/()";
        for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
            if(symbols.indexOf(strings[i]) >= 0) {  //為符號時
                if (stack.empty()) {
                    stack.push(strings[i]);
                } else {            //棧不為空
                    if(first.indexOf(strings[i]) >= 0 || strings[i].equals("(")) {   //為 +/( 直接入棧
                        stack.push(strings[i]);
                    }  else if(strings[i].equals(")")) {
                        String top = stack.peek();
                        while(!top.equals("(")) {
                            top = stack.pop();
                            suffix[n] = top;
                            n++;
                            top = stack.peek();
                        }
                        stack.pop();    // ( 出棧
                    } else {    //符號為 +-
                        if(first.indexOf(stack.peek()) < 0) { //當棧頂不為為 */ 直接入棧
                            stack.push(strings[i]);
                        } else {
                            while (!stack.empty() && first.indexOf(stack.peek()) >= 0)
                            //棧頂運算符先于當前運算符時,出棧到棧頂運算符低于或棧為空為止
                            {
                                String s = stack.pop();
                                suffix[n] = s;
                                n++;
                            }
                            stack.push(strings[i]); //當前運算符入棧
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {    //為數(shù)字直接成為后綴一部分
                suffix[n] = strings[i];
                n++;
            }
        }
        while (!stack.empty()) {        //清除棧內剩余符號
            String s = stack.pop();
            suffix[n] = s;
            n++;
        }
        return suffix;
    }
 
    private boolean isTrue(String str) {
        if (!BracketMatching(str)) {      //括號匹配
            return false;
        }
        if (!OperatorIsTrue(str)) {      //符號格式正確
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    private boolean OperatorIsTrue(String string) { //運算數(shù)數(shù)量 = 運算符號數(shù)+1
        String[] split = breakDown(string);
        String symblos = "+-*/";
        String bracket = "()";
        int NumberOfDigits = 0;
        int NumberOfSymblos = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) {
            if(symblos.indexOf(split[i]) >= 0) {
                NumberOfSymblos++;
            } else if(bracket.indexOf(split[i]) < 0) { //不是括號 不是運算符一定為運算數(shù)
                NumberOfDigits++;
            }
        }
        if (NumberOfDigits != NumberOfSymblos + 1) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    private boolean BracketMatching(String string) {    //判斷括號是否匹配，否則報錯
        char[] split = string.toCharArray();
        Stack<Character> stack = new Stack<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) {
            if (split[i] == '(') {
                stack.push(split[i]);
            } else if (!stack.empty() && split[i] == ')') {
                stack.pop();
            } else if (stack.empty() && split[i] == ')') {
                return false;
            }
        }
        if (!stack.empty()) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
    }
}