詳解Java springboot 整合Shiro框架
Shiro介紹
Shiro是一款安全框架,主要的三個(gè)類Subject、SecurityManager、Realm
- Subject:表示當(dāng)前用戶
- SecurityManager:安全管理器,即所有與安全有關(guān)的操作都會(huì)與SecurityManager交互;且其管理著所有Subject;可以看出它是Shiro的核心,它負(fù)責(zé)與Shiro的其他組件進(jìn)行交互,它相當(dāng)于SpringMVC中DispatcherServlet的角色
- Realm:Shiro從Realm 獲取安全數(shù)據(jù)(如用戶、角色、權(quán)限)
Shiro框架結(jié)構(gòu)圖
Springboot整合Shiro
建項(xiàng)目是勾選spring web,導(dǎo)入依賴
<!-- thymeleaf--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- shiro--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.7.1</version> </dependency> <!-- lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> <version>1.18.2</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- druid--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.0.9</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j--> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- thymeleaf、shiro整合包--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency>
編寫頁(yè)面及其控制層
轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的設(shè)置,全部編寫在MVCConfig中的前端控制器中
@Configurationpublic class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index"); registry.addViewController("/login.html").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/user/add").setViewName("user/add"); registry.addViewController("/user/update").setViewName("user/update"); registry.addViewController("/loginout").setViewName("login"); }}
連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
編寫application.yml
spring: datasource: username: *** password: *** url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource initialSize: 5 minIdle: 5 maxActive: 20 maxWait: 60000 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000 minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000 validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL testWhileIdle: true testOnBorrow: false testOnReturn: false poolPreparedStatements: true filters: stat,wall,log4j maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20 useGlobalDataSourceStat: true connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500 mybatis: type-aliases-package: com.example.demo.pojo
編寫 pojo、dao、service三層,dao層可以直接使Mybatis的注解。
需要的方法就是findByName(String username),通過表單傳入的username值進(jìn)行查詢。
編寫UserRealm 需要繼承AuthorizingRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { @Autowired private IuserService iuserService; // 授權(quán) @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) { System.out.println("===>授權(quán)"); SimpleAuthorizationInfo Info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); // 獲取登錄對(duì)象 Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); user principal = (user) subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user Info.addStringPermission(principal.getPerms()); return Info; } // 認(rèn)證 @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { System.out.println("==>認(rèn)證"); UsernamePasswordToken authenticationToken1 = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken; user byName = iuserService.findByName(authenticationToken1.getUsername()); if(byName==null){ return null;//拋出用戶名錯(cuò)誤的異常 } //密碼認(rèn)證shiro自己完成 將user對(duì)象 傳遞給上面的方法進(jìn)行授權(quán) return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(byName,byName.getPassword(),""); } }
代碼的分析:
認(rèn)證部分:
將表單提交的數(shù)據(jù)封裝成一個(gè)對(duì)象,通過username從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中查詢返回一個(gè)對(duì)象,進(jìn)行比對(duì)
最后將這個(gè)查詢的對(duì)象傳遞給授權(quán)方法。
授權(quán)部分:
獲取到用戶對(duì)象,給用戶對(duì)象進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的授權(quán)。(傳遞的user對(duì)象中就有權(quán)限設(shè)置)
編寫ShiroConfig
@Configuration public class ShiroConfig { @Bean //創(chuàng)建對(duì)象 public UserRealm userRealm(){ return new UserRealm(); } @Bean //接管對(duì)象 @Bean 默認(rèn)使用方法名稱 public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") Realm realm){ DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); defaultWebSecurityManager.setRealm(realm); return defaultWebSecurityManager; } @Bean //交給前端處理 public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){ ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager); HashMap<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>(); // 該路徑 必須通過認(rèn)證 才能進(jìn)行訪問 hashMap.put("/user/*","authc"); // 進(jìn)行授權(quán) hashMap.put("/user/add","perms[add]"); hashMap.put("/user/update","perms[update]"); // 注銷 hashMap.put("/logout","logout"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(hashMap); // 設(shè)置登錄頁(yè)面的路徑 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login.html"); // 設(shè)置授權(quán)頁(yè)面 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noLogin"); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; } // 完成整合 @Bean public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){ return new ShiroDialect(); } }
代碼分析
在這個(gè)配置類中,配置的方法就是ioc注入。
ShiroFilterFactoryBean中可以配置
- 資源路徑對(duì)應(yīng)的權(quán)限
- 登陸頁(yè)面
- 權(quán)限不足 無法訪問的頁(yè)面路徑
- 注銷
補(bǔ)充: 攔截的屬性
- anon: 無需認(rèn)證就可以訪問
- authc: 必須認(rèn)證了才能訪問
- user: 必須擁有記住我功能才能用
- perms: 擁有對(duì)某個(gè)資源的權(quán)限才能訪問
- role: 擁有某個(gè)角色權(quán)限
編寫控制層代碼
@Controller public class logincontroller { // 執(zhí)行流程 前端表單-》控制層代碼-》config @PostMapping("/login") public String login(String username, String password, Model model){ // 獲取一個(gè)用戶 Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); // 封裝用戶登陸數(shù)據(jù) UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password); // 執(zhí)行登錄方法,如果失敗就會(huì)拋出異常 try{ subject.login(usernamePasswordToken); return "index"; }catch (UnknownAccountException e){ model.addAttribute("msg","用戶名錯(cuò)誤"); return "login"; }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){ model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯(cuò)誤"); return "login"; } } @GetMapping("/noLogin") @ResponseBody public String nologin(){return "未經(jīng)授權(quán) 無法訪問";} }
代碼分析:
login方法:獲取從表單傳遞的數(shù)據(jù),封裝從UsernamePasswordToken對(duì)象,調(diào)用login方法進(jìn)行登錄操作
Shiro整合Thymeleaf
在ShiroConfig需要整合ShiroDialect
// 完成整合 @Bean public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){ return new ShiroDialect(); }
約束
xmlns:shiro="http://www.pollix.at/thymeleaf/shiro"
使用方法
shiro:notAuthenticated
:沒有進(jìn)行登錄 顯示shiro:authenticated:
已經(jīng)登陸 顯示shiro:hasPermission="A"
用戶存在A的權(quán)限則顯示
示例代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:shiro="http://www.pollix.at/thymeleaf/shiro"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>首頁(yè)</h1> <div shiro:notAuthenticated> <a th:href="@{/login.html}">登錄</a> </div> <div shiro:authenticated> <a th:href="@{/logout}">注銷</a> </div> <div shiro:hasPermission="add"> <a th:href="@{/user/add}">ADD</a> </div> <div shiro:hasPermission="update"> <a th:href="@{/user/update}">UPDATE</a> </div> </body> </html>
總結(jié)
登錄的流程:login表單-》loginController
-》ShiroConfig
-》UserRealm
效果:
點(diǎn)擊登錄,控制臺(tái)會(huì)顯示
進(jìn)入add/update的頁(yè)面,也會(huì)打印"===>授權(quán)",這個(gè)也證明了登錄的執(zhí)行流程
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