C#實(shí)戰(zhàn)之備忘錄的制作詳解

更新時(shí)間：2022年02月21日 08:41:54 作者：zls366

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了如何利用C#制作一個(gè)備忘錄，文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì)，對(duì)我們學(xué)習(xí)C#有一定的幫助，感興趣的小伙伴可以學(xué)習(xí)一下

1.概述

前幾天群里有人問如何制作備忘錄，感覺這樣一個(gè)小實(shí)例挺適合新手們?nèi)腴T學(xué)習(xí)使用，所以就抽空做了出來。界面如下圖

這個(gè)備忘錄主要包括了如下功能：

① 備忘錄信息的增、刪、改、查；

② 備忘錄時(shí)間到了以后進(jìn)行語音播報(bào)。

功能很簡(jiǎn)單，但是要實(shí)現(xiàn)這么一個(gè)功能，也涉及眾多的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，接下來詳細(xì)進(jìn)行分解。

2.內(nèi)容詳述

①界面button的圖標(biāo)

圖標(biāo)圖片可以上網(wǎng)上下載，下載好以后放到項(xiàng)目目錄中，然后在項(xiàng)目中找到你的圖片——>右鍵包括在項(xiàng)目中——>再右鍵，點(diǎn)擊屬性：

復(fù)制到輸出目錄，更改為始終復(fù)制。

生成操作，更改為內(nèi)容。

前臺(tái)XMAL操作：

<Button Margin="15,5" MinWidth="60" cal:Message.Attach="[Event Click] = [Action SearchClick]" >
               <WrapPanel >
                   <Image Source="/Images/search.png" Width="15" Height="15" />
                   <TextBlock Text="查找" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
               </WrapPanel>
           </Button>

② 數(shù)據(jù)源：這里我采用從xml讀取并綁定到界面，界面如果有修改，在頁面退出時(shí)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)保存，當(dāng)然你也可以使用數(shù)據(jù)庫去操作

XML文件位置：根目錄的RawData下

XML文件數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容如下：

MemorandumModel數(shù)據(jù)模型定義：

public class MemorandumModel
    {
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public EvenType EvenType { get; set; }
        public DateTime DateTime { get; set; }
        public bool IsComplete { get; set; }
    }

③XML文件的讀取和保存：MemorandumRealList是我們所有數(shù)據(jù)的集合，為了方便界面查詢，界面綁定了MemorandumShowList 這個(gè)集合

xml讀?。?/p>

public void XmlDocReader()
       {
           //XmlDocument讀取xml文件
           XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
           xmlDoc.Load(XmlDocPath);
           //獲取xml根節(jié)點(diǎn)
           XmlNode xmlRoot = xmlDoc.DocumentElement;
           if (xmlRoot == null)
               return;
         
           //讀取所有的節(jié)點(diǎn)
           foreach (XmlNode node in xmlRoot.SelectNodes("MemorandumModel"))
           {
               MemorandumRealList.Add(new MemorandumModel()
               {
                   Title = node.SelectSingleNode("Title").InnerText,
                   EvenType = (EvenType)Enum.Parse(typeof(EvenType), node.SelectSingleNode("EvenType").InnerText),
                   DateTime = Convert.ToDateTime(node.SelectSingleNode("DateTime").InnerText),
                   IsComplete = Convert.ToBoolean(node.SelectSingleNode("IsComplete").InnerText)
               });
           }
           MemorandumShowList = new  ObservableCollection<MemorandumModel>(MemorandumRealList);
       }

xml文件保存：

public void SaveXmlDoc()
        {
            //獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)象
            XDocument document = new XDocument();
            XElement xmlRoot = new XElement("MemorandumModels");
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            XElement memorandumModel;
            foreach (var memorandumReal in MemorandumRealList)
            {
                memorandumModel = new XElement($"MemorandumModel");
                memorandumModel.SetElementValue("Title", memorandumReal.Title);
                memorandumModel.SetElementValue("EvenType", memorandumReal.EvenType);
                memorandumModel.SetElementValue("DateTime", memorandumReal.DateTime);
                memorandumModel.SetElementValue("IsComplete", memorandumReal.IsComplete);
                xmlRoot.Add(memorandumModel);
            }
            xmlRoot.Save(XmlDocPath);
        }

④查詢：如果全選選中，則顯示全部?jī)?nèi)容，未勾選，則采用link去匹配選中信息去篩選，我這里是所有信息去匹配的，你也可以自己修改下，去只匹配某一項(xiàng)或幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容

public void SearchClick()
       {
           SaveXmlDoc();
           if (SelectAll)
           {
               MemorandumShowList = new ObservableCollection<MemorandumModel>(MemorandumRealList);
               return;
           }
           MemorandumShowList = new ObservableCollection<MemorandumModel>(
               MemorandumRealList.Where(
                   t => t.EvenType == EvenTypeList[SelectedIndex]
                   ).Where(s => s.IsComplete == IsCompleteStatus
                   ).Where(p => p.Title == TitleText
                    ).Where(x => x.DateTime == DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext)
                   ) .ToList() );
       }

⑤標(biāo)題欄未輸入內(nèi)容時(shí)顯示灰色提示字體，有輸入時(shí)輸入內(nèi)容顯示黑色字體：

這里采用事件處理：獲取到光標(biāo)時(shí)

public void LostFocus()
       {
           if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(TitleText))
           {
               TitleText = "備忘錄標(biāo)題";
               TitleColor = Color.DimGray;
           }
       }

光標(biāo)離開時(shí)：

public void GotFocus()
       {
           TitleText = "";
           TitleColor = Color.Black;
       }

⑥選中行刪除：

public void DeleteClick()
        {
            MemorandumRealList.Remove(SelectedItem);
            MemorandumShowList.Remove(SelectedItem);
        }

⑦行號(hào)獲取：在行選擇改變事件中去做

public void GridControl_SelectedItemChanged(object sender, SelectedItemChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            GridControl gd = sender as GridControl;
            SelectRow = gd.GetSelectedRowHandles()[0];//選中行的行號(hào)
        }

⑧添加信息：

public void Add()
       {
           MemorandumRealList.Add(new MemorandumModel()
           {
               Title = titleText,
               DateTime =DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext),
               EvenType = EvenTypeList[SelectedIndex],
               IsComplete = IsCompleteStatus
           });
           MemorandumShowList.Add(new MemorandumModel()
           {
               Title = titleText,
               DateTime = DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext),
               EvenType = EvenTypeList[SelectedIndex],
               IsComplete = IsCompleteStatus
           });
       }

⑨修改信息：

public void Modify()
      {
          MemorandumRealList[SelectRow] = new MemorandumModel()
          {
              Title = titleText,
              DateTime = DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext),
              EvenType = EvenTypeList[SelectedIndex],
              IsComplete = IsCompleteStatus
          };
          MemorandumShowList[SelectRow] = new MemorandumModel()
          {
              Title = titleText,
              DateTime = DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext),
              EvenType = EvenTypeList[SelectedIndex],
              IsComplete = IsCompleteStatus
          };
      }

⑩定時(shí)器查詢：采用using System.Threading.Tasks;下的單線程定時(shí)器DispatcherTimer，

定義和初始化：

private DispatcherTimer timer;
 
            timer = new DispatcherTimer();
           timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
           timer.Tick += timer1_Tick;
           timer.Start();

定時(shí)器事件：我這里每隔一分鐘查詢一次，查詢到當(dāng)前事件到了提醒時(shí)間就進(jìn)行一次語音播報(bào)：

private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
       {
           foreach (var memorandum in MemorandumRealList)
           {
               if(DateTime.Now >= memorandum.DateTime)
               {
                   SpeakAsync(memorandum.Title);
               }
           }
       }

⑩①：語音播報(bào)：這里開了task線程執(zhí)行

/// <summary>
        /// 微軟語音識(shí)別
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content">提示內(nèi)容</param>
        public static void SpeakAsync(string content)
        {
            try
            {
                Task.Run(() =>
                {
                    SpVoice voice = new SpVoice();
                    voice.Rate = 1;//速率[-10,10]
                    voice.Volume = 10;//音量[0,100]
                    voice.Voice = voice.GetVoices().Item(0);//語音庫
                    voice.Speak(content);
                });
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            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

⑩② 界面時(shí)間處理：

界面的表格采用的dev控件gridcontrol，默認(rèn)情況下，時(shí)間只顯示年月日，如果需要顯示時(shí)分，需要設(shè)定：EditSettings如下

   <dxg:GridColumn  Header="提醒時(shí)間" FieldName="DateTime" MinWidth="120" >
                    <dxg:GridColumn.EditSettings>
                        <!--<xctk:DateEditSettings DisplayFormat="dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss.fff"/>-->
                        <xctk:DateEditSettings DisplayFormat="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"/>
                    </dxg:GridColumn.EditSettings>
                </dxg:GridColumn>

如果使用的是wpf 自帶的表格控件datagrid，相對(duì)好處理

?<DataGridTextColumn?Header="提醒時(shí)間"?Binding="{Binding?Path=DateTime,StringFormat='yyyy年MM月dd日?HH:mm:ss'}"?MinWidth="300"?/>

界面頂端的時(shí)間控件采用：toolkit下的xctk1:DateTimeUpDown這個(gè)控件，她綁定的是一個(gè)字符串類型的數(shù)據(jù)，所以添加時(shí)候，需要將他轉(zhuǎn)換為datetime類型， DateTime.Parse(DataTimeContext)，或者DateTime = Convert.ToDateTime(DataTimeContext)

<xctk1:DateTimeUpDown?x:Name="_minimum"??Format="Custom"?FormatString="yyyy/MM/dd?HH:mm"?
                                  Text="{Binding DataTimeContext}" 
                                   HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
                                  Value="2016/01/01T12:00"  Margin="15,5"/>

⑩③combobox枚舉內(nèi)容綁定：

 public ObservableCollection<EvenType> EvenTypeList { get; set; } = new ObservableCollection<EvenType>();

foreach (EvenType evenType in Enum.GetValues(typeof(EvenType)))
       {
           EvenTypeList.Add(evenType);
       }

⑩④關(guān)于gridcontrol TableView 的常用屬性介紹

TableView?的常用屬性：
?
AllowPerPixelScrolling //逐像素滾動(dòng)；
AllowScrollAnimation //滾動(dòng)動(dòng)畫，當(dāng)下拉滾動(dòng)條時(shí)有動(dòng)畫效果
NavigationStyle //選中方式是一行還是單元格
ShowIndicator //是否在每一行之前顯示小方塊
UseEvenRowBackground //隔行其背景顏色會(huì)有所區(qū)分
AllowScrollToFocusedRow //允許滾動(dòng)到選中行
AllowResizing //允許調(diào)整尺寸
AllowSorting //允許排序
AutoWidth //允許自動(dòng)調(diào)整列寬
AllowMoveColumnToDropArea //允許將一列拖到空白處進(jìn)行分組
AllowGrouping //允許分組
AllowFilterEditor //允許顯示過濾盤
AllowEditing //允許編輯
ShowGroupPanel//顯示分組panel
ShowHorizontalLines   ShowVerticalLines //顯示表格中每行每列垂直和水平線
IsColumnMenuEnabled //是否關(guān)閉右鍵列菜單

3.前臺(tái)代碼

直接上代碼，比較簡(jiǎn)單，不展開講解了：

<UserControl
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
             xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Caliburn.Micro.Hello"
              xmlns:cal="http://www.caliburnproject.org" 
              xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
             xmlns:dxg="http://schemas.devexpress.com/winfx/2008/xaml/grid" xmlns:xctk="http://schemas.devexpress.com/winfx/2008/xaml/editors" xmlns:xctk1="http://schemas.xceed.com/wpf/xaml/toolkit" x:Class="Caliburn.Micro.Hello.MemorandumView" 
             mc:Ignorable="d" 
             d:DesignHeight="450" d:DesignWidth="800" >
    <UserControl.Resources>
        <local:FontColorConverter x:Key="FontColorConverter" />
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
            <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Left"/>
            <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
            <Setter Property="Width" Value="100"/>
</Style>
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type CheckBox}">
            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center"/>
            <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"/>
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
</Style>
        <Style TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
</Style>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="rowIndicatorContentTemplate">
            <StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
                        HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding RowHandle.Value}"
                           TextAlignment="Center" 
                           Foreground="Black"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </UserControl.Resources>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBox Text="{Binding TitleText}"  Margin="15,5" 
                     cal:Message.Attach="[Event GotFocus] = [Action GotFocus];[Event LostFocus] = [Action LostFocus]" 
                     Foreground="{Binding TitleColor, Converter={StaticResource FontColorConverter}}"/>
            <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding EvenTypeList}" Margin="15,5"  SelectedIndex="{Binding SelectedIndex}" MinWidth="100" Foreground="Black"/>
            <!--<DatePicker Text="{Binding DataTimeContext,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"
                        SelectedDate="{x:Static sys:DateTime.Now}" 
                        HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="15,5"  />-->
            <xctk1:DateTimeUpDown x:Name="_minimum"  Format="Custom" FormatString="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm" 
                                  Text="{Binding DataTimeContext}" 
                                   HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
                                  Value="2016/01/01T12:00"  Margin="15,5"/>
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            <CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding IsCompleteStatus}" Margin="15,5" Content="是否完成" Foreground="Black"/>
            <Button Margin="15,5" MinWidth="60" cal:Message.Attach="[Event Click] = [Action SearchClick]" >
                <WrapPanel >
                    <Image Source="/Images/search.png" Width="15" Height="15" />
                    <TextBlock Text="查找" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                </WrapPanel>
            </Button>
        </StackPanel>
        <Border BorderBrush="LightBlue" CornerRadius="2" BorderThickness="2" >
        <dxg:GridControl AutoGenerateColumns="AddNew" EnableSmartColumnsGeneration="True"  AllowLiveDataShaping="True" 
                         cal:Message.Attach="[Event SelectedItemChanged] = [Action GridControl_SelectedItemChanged($source,$event)];" 
                         ItemsSource="{Binding MemorandumShowList}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedItem}" 
                         Height="330" Foreground="Black">
            <dxg:GridControl.View>
                <dxg:TableView ShowTotalSummary="True" AllowMoveColumnToDropArea="False" 
                               AllowGrouping="False" AutoExpandOnDrag="False" 
                               ShowDragDropHint="False" ShowGroupPanel="False" 
                               AllowColumnMoving="False" AllowResizing="False" Foreground="Black"
                               RowIndicatorContentTemplate="{StaticResource rowIndicatorContentTemplate}" />
            </dxg:GridControl.View>
                <dxg:GridColumn  Header="標(biāo)題" FieldName="Title"   MinWidth="100"/>
                <dxg:GridColumn  Header="類型" FieldName="EvenType"  MinWidth="100"/>
                <dxg:GridColumn  Header="提醒時(shí)間" FieldName="DateTime" MinWidth="120" >
                    <dxg:GridColumn.EditSettings>
                        <!--<xctk:DateEditSettings DisplayFormat="dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss.fff"/>-->
                        <xctk:DateEditSettings DisplayFormat="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"/>
                    </dxg:GridColumn.EditSettings>
                </dxg:GridColumn>
                <dxg:GridColumn  Header="狀態(tài)" FieldName="IsComplete"  MinWidth="100"/>
        </dxg:GridControl>
        </Border>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding SelectAll}" Margin="35,5" Content="全選"/>
            <Button Margin="35,5" MinWidth="60" cal:Message.Attach="[Event Click] = [Action DeleteClick]" >
                <WrapPanel >
                    <Image Source="/Images/delete.png" Width="15" Height="15" />
                    <TextBlock Text="刪除" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                </WrapPanel>
            </Button>
            <Button Margin="35,5" MinWidth="60" Name="Add">
                <WrapPanel >
                    <Image Source="/Images/add.png" Width="15" Height="15" />
                    <TextBlock Text="添加" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                </WrapPanel>
            </Button>
            <Button Margin="35,5" MinWidth="60" Name="Modify">
                <WrapPanel >
                    <Image Source="/Images/modify.png" Width="15" Height="15"/>
                    <TextBlock Text="修改" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
                </WrapPanel>
            </Button>
        </StackPanel>
    </StackPanel>
</UserControl>
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