詳解C#中Helper類的使用
使用背景
項目中用戶頻繁訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫會導(dǎo)致程序的卡頓,甚至堵塞。使用緩存可以有效的降低用戶訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的頻次,有效的減少并發(fā)的壓力。保護后端真實的服務(wù)器。
對于開發(fā)人員需要方便調(diào)用,所以本文提供了helper類對緩存有了封裝。分了三個Cache,SystemCache,RedisCache(默認緩存,系統(tǒng)緩存,Redis緩存)。話不多說,開擼!
使用方法
1.引用CSRedisCore
可以看到,csredis支持.net40/.net45/.netstandard平臺,還是比較友好的。
2.增加helper類代碼
CacheHelper.cs
/// <summary> /// 緩存幫助類 /// </summary> public class CacheHelper { /// <summary> /// 靜態(tài)構(gòu)造函數(shù),初始化緩存類型 /// </summary> static CacheHelper() { SystemCache = new SystemCache(); if(true) //項目全局變量類,可自行定義 // if (GlobalSwitch.OpenRedisCache) { try { RedisCache = new RedisCache(GlobalSwitch.RedisConfig); } catch { } } switch (GlobalSwitch.CacheType) { case CacheType.SystemCache:Cache = SystemCache;break; case CacheType.RedisCache:Cache = RedisCache;break; default:throw new Exception("請指定緩存類型!"); } } /// <summary> /// 默認緩存 /// </summary> public static ICache Cache { get; } /// <summary> /// 系統(tǒng)緩存 /// </summary> public static ICache SystemCache { get; } /// <summary> /// Redis緩存 /// </summary> public static ICache RedisCache { get; } }
ICache.cs
/// <summary> /// 緩存操作接口類 /// </summary> public interface ICache { #region 設(shè)置緩存 /// <summary> /// 設(shè)置緩存 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> /// <param name="value">值</param> void SetCache(string key, object value); /// <summary> /// 設(shè)置緩存 /// 注:默認過期類型為絕對過期 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> /// <param name="value">值</param> /// <param name="timeout">過期時間間隔</param> void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout); /// <summary> /// 設(shè)置緩存 /// 注:默認過期類型為絕對過期 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> /// <param name="value">值</param> /// <param name="timeout">過期時間間隔</param> /// <param name="expireType">過期類型</param> void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout, ExpireType expireType); /// <summary> /// 設(shè)置鍵失效時間 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">鍵值</param> /// <param name="expire">從現(xiàn)在起時間間隔</param> void SetKeyExpire(string key, TimeSpan expire); #endregion #region 獲取緩存 /// <summary> /// 獲取緩存 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> object GetCache(string key); /// <summary> /// 獲取緩存 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> /// <typeparam name="T">數(shù)據(jù)類型</typeparam> T GetCache<T>(string key) where T : class; /// <summary> /// 是否存在鍵值 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> /// <returns></returns> bool ContainsKey(string key); #endregion #region 刪除緩存 /// <summary> /// 清除緩存 /// </summary> /// <param name="key">主鍵</param> void RemoveCache(string key); #endregion } #region 類型定義 /// <summary> /// 值信息 /// </summary> public struct ValueInfoEntry { public string Value { get; set; } public string TypeName { get; set; } public TimeSpan? ExpireTime { get; set; } public ExpireType? ExpireType { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// 過期類型 /// </summary> public enum ExpireType { /// <summary> /// 絕對過期 /// 注:即自創(chuàng)建一段時間后就過期 /// </summary> Absolute, /// <summary> /// 相對過期 /// 注:即該鍵未被訪問后一段時間后過期,若此鍵一直被訪問則過期時間自動延長 /// </summary> Relative, } #endregion
RedisCache.cs
/// <summary> /// Redis緩存 /// </summary> public class RedisCache : ICache { /// <summary> /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù) /// 注意:請以單例使用 /// </summary> /// <param name="config">配置字符串</param> public RedisCache(string config) { _redisCLient = new CSRedisClient(config); } private CSRedisClient _redisCLient { get; } public bool ContainsKey(string key) { return _redisCLient.Exists(key); } public object GetCache(string key) { object value = null; var redisValue = _redisCLient.Get(key); if (redisValue.IsNullOrEmpty()) return null; ValueInfoEntry valueEntry = redisValue.ToString().ToObject<ValueInfoEntry>(); if (valueEntry.TypeName == typeof(string).AssemblyQualifiedName) value = valueEntry.Value; else value = valueEntry.Value.ToObject(Type.GetType(valueEntry.TypeName)); if (valueEntry.ExpireTime != null && valueEntry.ExpireType == ExpireType.Relative) SetKeyExpire(key, valueEntry.ExpireTime.Value); return value; } public T GetCache<T>(string key) where T : class { return (T)GetCache(key); } public void SetKeyExpire(string key, TimeSpan expire) { _redisCLient.Expire(key, expire); } public void RemoveCache(string key) { _redisCLient.Del(key); } public void SetCache(string key, object value) { _SetCache(key, value, null, null); } public void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout) { _SetCache(key, value, timeout, ExpireType.Absolute); } public void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout, ExpireType expireType) { _SetCache(key, value, timeout, expireType); } private void _SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan? timeout, ExpireType? expireType) { string jsonStr = string.Empty; if (value is string) jsonStr = value as string; else jsonStr = value.ToJson(); ValueInfoEntry entry = new ValueInfoEntry { Value = jsonStr, TypeName = value.GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName, ExpireTime = timeout, ExpireType = expireType }; string theValue = entry.ToJson(); if (timeout == null) _redisCLient.Set(key, theValue); else _redisCLient.Set(key, theValue, (int)timeout.Value.TotalSeconds); } }
SystemCache.cs
/// <summary> /// 系統(tǒng)緩存幫助類 /// </summary> public class SystemCache : ICache { public object GetCache(string key) { return HttpRuntime.Cache[key]; } public T GetCache<T>(string key) where T : class { return (T)HttpRuntime.Cache[key]; } public bool ContainsKey(string key) { return GetCache(key) != null; } public void RemoveCache(string key) { HttpRuntime.Cache.Remove(key); } public void SetKeyExpire(string key, TimeSpan expire) { object value = GetCache(key); SetCache(key, value, expire); } public void SetCache(string key, object value) { _SetCache(key, value, null, null); } public void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout) { _SetCache(key, value, timeout, ExpireType.Absolute); } public void SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan timeout, ExpireType expireType) { _SetCache(key, value, timeout, expireType); } private void _SetCache(string key, object value, TimeSpan? timeout, ExpireType? expireType) { if (timeout == null) HttpRuntime.Cache[key] = value; else { if (expireType == ExpireType.Absolute) { DateTime endTime = DateTime.Now.AddTicks(timeout.Value.Ticks); HttpRuntime.Cache.Insert(key, value, null, endTime, Cache.NoSlidingExpiration); } else { HttpRuntime.Cache.Insert(key, value, null, Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration, timeout.Value); } } } }
3.使用
4.說明
Redis 是一個開源(BSD許可)的,內(nèi)存中的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)存儲系統(tǒng),它可以用作數(shù)據(jù)庫、緩存和消息中間件?! ?/p>
它是基于高性能的Key-Value、并提供多種語言的 API的非關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫。不過與傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫不同的是 redis 的數(shù)據(jù)是存在內(nèi)存中的,所以存寫速度非??臁?/p>
它支持多種類型的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),如 字符串(strings), 散列(hashes), 列表(lists), 集合(sets), 有序集合(sorted sets)
結(jié)語
這里提供了helper類,主要是為了封裝緩存,使用起來更加方便。具體可以在其基礎(chǔ)上進行擴展。
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