int main(void)
{
    char filename[50];
    printf("How many ?: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);		/*輸入學(xué)生數(shù)*/
    printf("please input filename: ");
    scanf("%s", filename);	/*輸入文件所在路徑及名稱*/
    Create();       //調(diào)用函數(shù)建立鏈表
    save(filename); //調(diào)用函數(shù)存到文件
    free(phead);//釋放phead內(nèi)存
    show(filename); //調(diào)用函數(shù)輸出文件
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

typedef struct stu
{
    char name[20];
    char adr[20];
    int tel;
    struct stu* pnext;
} stu;
int n;	//n存著信息條數(shù)
stu* phead=NULL;//phead為鏈表首地址
 
void Create()          //建立鏈表
{
    stu *pend,*pnew;//尾節(jié)點(diǎn)，新節(jié)點(diǎn)
    pend=phead =(stu*)malloc(sizeof(stu));//分配內(nèi)存給首節(jié)點(diǎn)
    printf("please first input Name, Adress and telephone:\n");
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        pnew=(stu*)malloc(sizeof(stu));  //分配新節(jié)點(diǎn)
        pend->pnext=pnew;   //原來的尾節(jié)點(diǎn)指向新節(jié)點(diǎn)
        pnew->pnext=NULL;  	//新節(jié)點(diǎn)的指針為NULL
        printf("NO.%d: ",i+1);
        scanf("%s", pend->name);
        scanf("%s", pend->adr);
        scanf("%d",&pend->tel);
        pend=pnew;  //賦值后指向尾節(jié)點(diǎn)
    }
    pnew=pnew->pnext;//指向NULL
    free(pnew);      //釋放pnew內(nèi)存
}

void save(char *filename)
{
    FILE *w;//文件指針
    if ((w = fopen(filename, "wb")) == NULL){   /*二進(jìn)制只寫打開文件*/
        printf("cannot open file\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)  //鏈表數(shù)據(jù)循環(huán)輸入到文件內(nèi)
    {
         fprintf(w,"%s ",phead->name);
         fprintf(w,"%s ",phead->adr);
         fprintf(w,"%d", phead->tel);
         fprintf(w,"%s","\r\n");//換行
         phead=phead->pnext;//指向下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    }
    fclose(w);	//關(guān)閉文件
}

void show(char *filename)		//輸出文件
{
    FILE *fp;//文件指針
    stu info[100];  //負(fù)責(zé)存放文件中的數(shù)據(jù)，然后輸出
    if ((fp = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL){   /*二進(jìn)制只讀打開文件*/
        printf("cannot open file\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        fscanf(fp,"%s",&(info[i].name));//輸出數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)組
        fscanf(fp,"%s",&(info[i].adr));
        fscanf(fp,"%d",&(info[i].tel));
        printf("%10s%15s%15d\n", info[i].name,
        	info[i].adr, info[i].tel); //輸出數(shù)據(jù)到屏幕
    }
    fclose(fp); //關(guān)閉文件
}        

/*此代碼為《C語言從入門到精通(第二版)》第十四章(文件)的【例14.7】的改進(jìn)版*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<process.h>
typedef struct stu
{
    char name[20];
    char adr[20];
    int tel;
    struct stu* pnext;
} stu;
int n;	//n存著信息條數(shù)
stu* phead=NULL;//phead為鏈表首地址
 
void Create()/*建立鏈表*/
{
    stu *pend,*pnew;//尾節(jié)點(diǎn)，新節(jié)點(diǎn)
    pend=phead =(stu*)malloc(sizeof(stu));//分配內(nèi)存給首節(jié)點(diǎn)
    printf("please first input Name, Adress and telephone:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        pnew=(stu*)malloc(sizeof(stu));  //分配新節(jié)點(diǎn)
        pend->pnext=pnew;   //原來的尾節(jié)點(diǎn)指向新節(jié)點(diǎn)
        pnew->pnext=NULL;   //新節(jié)點(diǎn)的指針為NULL
        printf("NO.%d: ",i+1);
        scanf("%s", pend->name);//輸入數(shù)據(jù)存到鏈表中
        scanf("%s", pend->adr);
        scanf("%d",&pend->tel);
        pend=pnew;  //賦值后指向尾節(jié)點(diǎn)
    }
    pnew=pnew->pnext;//指向NULL
    free(pnew);      //釋放pnew內(nèi)存
}
void save(char *filename)/*存到文件內(nèi)*/
{
    FILE *w;//文件指針
    if ((w = fopen(filename, "wb")) == NULL){   /*二進(jìn)制只寫打開文件*/
        printf("cannot open file\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)  //鏈表數(shù)據(jù)循環(huán)輸入到文件里
    {
         fprintf(w,"%s ",phead->name);//數(shù)據(jù)存入到文件
         fprintf(w,"%s ",phead->adr);
         fprintf(w,"%d", phead->tel);
         fprintf(w,"%s","\r\n");//換行
         phead=phead->pnext;//指向下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)
    }
    fclose(w);	//關(guān)閉文件
}
void show(char *filename)/*輸出文件*/
{
    FILE *fp;//文件指針
    stu info[100];  //負(fù)責(zé)存放文件中的數(shù)據(jù)，然后輸出
    if ((fp = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL){   /*二進(jìn)制只讀打開文件*/
        printf("cannot open file\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        fscanf(fp,"%s",&(info[i].name));//輸出數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)組
        fscanf(fp,"%s",&(info[i].adr));
        fscanf(fp,"%d",&(info[i].tel));
        printf("%10s%15s%15d\n", info[i].name, 
        	info[i].adr, info[i].tel);//輸出數(shù)據(jù)到屏幕
    }
    fclose(fp);/*關(guān)閉文件*/
}
 
int main(void)
{
    char filename[50];
    printf("How many ?:\n");
    scanf("%d", &n);		/*輸入學(xué)生數(shù)*/
    printf("please input filename: ");
    scanf("%s", filename); /*輸入文件所在路徑及名稱*/
    Create();       //調(diào)用函數(shù)建立鏈表
    save(filename); //調(diào)用函數(shù)存到文件
    free(phead);//釋放phead內(nèi)存
    show(filename); //調(diào)用函數(shù)輸出文件
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}