SpringBoot整合Shiro的方法詳解

更新時間：2022年05月09日 08:33:18 作者：指尖聽?wèi)?

Apache?Shiro是一個java安全（權(quán)限）框架，Shiro可以非常容易的開發(fā)出足夠好的應(yīng)用，其不僅可以用在javase環(huán)境，也可以用在javaee環(huán)境。本文介紹了SpringBoot整合Shiro的方法，需要的可以參考一下

1.Shito簡介

1.1 什么是shiro

Apache Shiro是一個java安全（權(quán)限）框架

Shiro可以非常容易的開發(fā)出足夠好的應(yīng)用，其不僅可以用在javase環(huán)境，也可以用在javaee環(huán)境

shiro可以完成，認(rèn)證，授權(quán)，加密，會話管理，web集成，緩存等。

下載地址：http://shiro.apache.org/

1.2 有哪些功能

2.QuickStart

Git下載地址

官網(wǎng)下載的可能慢一些

首先新建一個普通的maven項目，然后在項目中導(dǎo)入新的maven項目模塊，結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

然后開始創(chuàng)建我們需要的文件，這些文件都可以在官網(wǎng)下載的文件中可以找到：

shiro.ini：

# Users and their assigned roles
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

導(dǎo)入相關(guān)依賴 pom.xml,官網(wǎng)未給出詳細(xì)的依賴，具體的參考給出的git下載的文件，然后做了一些簡單的修改。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Shiro</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.nuist</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>hello-shiro</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- configure logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

log4j.prop[erties:

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

最重要的配置文件：

QuickStart:

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.naming.InitialContext;


public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 舊方法，由于shiro更新無法正常使用
        // Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        // SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();


        // 新方法 shiro更新問題 解決正常運行
        DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
        securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);

        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // 獲取當(dāng)前用戶對象
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 通過當(dāng)前用戶拿到session
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("subject =>! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 判斷當(dāng)前用戶是否被認(rèn)證
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);  // 設(shè)置記住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // 最重要的一個異常，認(rèn)證異常
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        // 測試一個簡單的權(quán)限
        // 粗粒度的一個權(quán)限限制
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //注銷功能
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

以上主要的幾個關(guān)鍵部分代碼：

對象初始化部分

// 新方法 shiro更新問題 解決正常運行
DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);

SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

獲取當(dāng)前用戶

Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

判斷用戶是否被認(rèn)證

!currentUser.isAuthenticated()

判斷用戶是否具有什么角色

currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")

判斷用戶是否擁有權(quán)限

currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")

注銷

currentUser.logout();

此時我們運行啟動，項目如下，那么一個簡單的shiro quickStart 就已經(jīng)啟動好了。

注意

shir最重要的三個部分：

subject 用戶
SecurityManager 管理所有的用戶
Realm 連接數(shù)據(jù)

3.SpringBoot中集成

1.導(dǎo)入shiro相關(guān)依賴

    <!--
    subject  用戶
    SecurityManager 管理所有用戶
    Realm 連接數(shù)據(jù)
    -->
    <!--shiro與springboot-->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.0</version>
    </dependency>

2.自定義UserRealm

package com.nuist.shirospringboot.config;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

/**
 * @author liuhuanhuan
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/5/8 17:59
 * @Description
 */
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("執(zhí)行了=》授權(quán)doGetAuthorizationInfo方法");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("執(zhí)行了-》認(rèn)證doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        return null;
    }
}

3.定義shiroConfig

package com.nuist.shirospringboot.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author liuhuanhuan
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/5/8 17:58
 * @Description
 */
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    // shiroFilterConfiguere

    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        // 設(shè)置用戶管理器
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }
    // defaultWebSecurity
    // 通過@Qualifier 是USerRealm進(jìn)行綁定
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userReaml") UserRealm userReaml) {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 關(guān)聯(lián)Realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userReaml);
        return securityManager;
    }


    // 創(chuàng)建realm對象  需要去進(jìn)行自定義，這樣就可以交給spring去進(jìn)行托管了
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userReaml(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

4.新建頁面進(jìn)行測試

package com.nuist.shirospringboot.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * @author liuhuanhuan
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/5/8 17:52
 * @Description
 */
@Controller
public class Mycontrollrt
{
    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String toIndex(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add() {
        return "user/add";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update() {
        return "user/update";
    }
}

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add </a>  |  <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</body>
</html>

user/add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>add</h1>
</body>
</html>

user/update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>update</h1>

</body>
</html>

此時一個簡單的項目就搭建起來了，然后開始shiro的認(rèn)證授權(quán)的操作。

我們只需要在配置中添加如下代碼：

        Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//        filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
//        filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");

此時就對我們所有的頁面請求進(jìn)行了攔截，然后轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到login的頁面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>login</h1>
<hr>
<form action="">
    <p>用戶名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密碼：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

此時在頁面進(jìn)行點擊的時候，我們就無法正常進(jìn)入頁面，只能進(jìn)入到我們的登錄頁面

進(jìn)行登錄驗證的攔截，只有輸入正確的賬號密碼才能夠進(jìn)入：

MyCOntroller中新增如下代碼：

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username,String password,Model model) {
        // 獲取當(dāng)前用戶
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        // 封裝當(dāng)前用戶
        UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
        try {
            subject.login(usernamePasswordToken); // 執(zhí)行登錄的方法，有異常進(jìn)行處理
            return "index";
        } catch (UnknownAccountException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","用戶名錯誤");
            return "login";
        } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) { // 密碼不存在
            model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯誤");
            return "login";
        }
    }

然后修改login頁面的代碼

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>login</h1>
<hr>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    <p>用戶名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密碼：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

然后在我們的UserRealm

中doGetAuthenticationInfo方法中新增代碼

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("執(zhí)行了-》認(rèn)證doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        String name = "root";
        String password = "123456";
        UsernamePasswordToken authenticationToken1 = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
        if (!authenticationToken1.getUsername().equals(name)) {
            return null;   // 拋出異常
        }
        // 密碼認(rèn)證  shiro去做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }

此時我們通過UsernamePasswordToken 獲取我們封裝好的賬號和密碼，但是我們只需要進(jìn)行賬號的認(rèn)證，密碼的認(rèn)證交給我們的shiro去做就可以了。

具體的用戶授權(quán)，我們可以進(jìn)行連接數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)置，但是我為了偷懶，我就不去手動創(chuàng)建與數(shù)據(jù)庫的鏈接啦。

下面我們來進(jìn)行頁面的授權(quán)操作

我們想要進(jìn)行用戶的授權(quán)操作

我們需要在shiroConfig中新增如下代碼：

filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");

此時代表如果用戶擁有user:add操作的話，可以顯示，如果沒有的話就不能正常顯示

我們可以自定義一個頁面來用于返回信息的顯示：

 @RequestMapping("/noauth")    
 @ResponseBody                 
 public String noauth() {      
     return "未經(jīng)過授權(quán)無法進(jìn)行訪問";     
 }

當(dāng)用戶沒有add權(quán)限的時候，我們就提示無法顯示：

此時我們就完成了單個的用戶授權(quán)的操作。此時我們再去進(jìn)行具體的頁面操作

shiro與thymeleaf的結(jié)合：

需要將我們進(jìn)行驗證的頁面進(jìn)行如下操作：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁</h1>
<p>
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登錄</a>
</p>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
    <a th:href="@{/user/add}">add </a>
</div>
 |
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>

此時應(yīng)用的方式和springsecurity的方式基本一致。

然后在我們的授權(quán)頁面進(jìn)行操作如下：

UserRealm中修改doGetAuthorizationInfo方法，如下：

    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("執(zhí)行了=》授權(quán)doGetAuthorizationInfo方法");
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();

        // 新增授權(quán)頁面
        authorizationInfo.addStringPermission("user:add");

        // 拿到當(dāng)前對象 ,然后通過對象中的授權(quán)方式進(jìn)行判斷

        return authorizationInfo;
    }

此時我們賦予用戶只有add的權(quán)限，那么按理說在頁面中是無法顯示update的按鈕，那么我們進(jìn)行測試下，是否可以正常使用：