mall整合SpringSecurity及JWT實現(xiàn)認(rèn)證授權(quán)實戰(zhàn)
摘要
本文主要講解mall通過整合SpringSecurity和JWT實現(xiàn)后臺用戶的登錄和授權(quán)功能,同時改造Swagger-UI的配置使其可以自動記住登錄令牌進(jìn)行發(fā)送。
項目使用框架介紹
SpringSecurity
SpringSecurity是一個強大的可高度定制的認(rèn)證和授權(quán)框架,對于Spring應(yīng)用來說它是一套Web安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。SpringSecurity注重于為Java應(yīng)用提供認(rèn)證和授權(quán)功能,像所有的Spring項目一樣,它對自定義需求具有強大的擴展性。
JWT
JWT是JSON WEB TOKEN的縮寫,它是基于 RFC 7519 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義的一種可以安全傳輸?shù)牡腏SON對象,由于使用了數(shù)字簽名,所以是可信任和安全的。
JWT的組成
JWT token的格式:
header.payload.signature
header中用于存放簽名的生成算法
{"alg": "HS512"}
payload中用于存放用戶名、token的生成時間和過期時間
{"sub":"admin","created":1489079981393,"exp":1489684781}
signature為以header和payload生成的簽名,一旦header和payload被篡改,驗證將失敗
//secret為加密算法的密鑰 String signature = HMACSHA512(base64UrlEncode(header) + "." +base64UrlEncode(payload),secret)
JWT實例
這是一個JWT的字符串
eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImNyZWF0ZWQiOjE1NTY3NzkxMjUzMDksImV4cCI6MTU1NzM4MzkyNX0.d-iki0193X0bBOETf2UN3r3PotNIEAV7mzIxxeI5IxFyzzkOZxS0PGfF_SK6wxCv2K8S0cZjMkv6b5bCqc0VBw
可以在該網(wǎng)站上獲得解析結(jié)果:jwt.io/

JWT實現(xiàn)認(rèn)證和授權(quán)的原理
- 用戶調(diào)用登錄接口,登錄成功后獲取到JWT的token;
- 之后用戶每次調(diào)用接口都在http的header中添加一個叫Authorization的頭,值為JWT的token;
- 后臺程序通過對Authorization頭中信息的解碼及數(shù)字簽名校驗來獲取其中的用戶信息,從而實現(xiàn)認(rèn)證和授權(quán)。
Hutool
Hutool是一個豐富的Java開源工具包,它幫助我們簡化每一行代碼,減少每一個方法,mall項目采用了此工具包。
項目使用表說明
ums_admin:后臺用戶表
ums_role:后臺用戶角色表
ums_permission:后臺用戶權(quán)限表
ums_admin_role_relation:后臺用戶和角色關(guān)系表,用戶與角色是多對多關(guān)系
ums_role_permission_relation:后臺用戶角色和權(quán)限關(guān)系表,角色與權(quán)限是多對多關(guān)系
ums_admin_permission_relation:后臺用戶和權(quán)限關(guān)系表(除角色中定義的權(quán)限以外的加減權(quán)限),加權(quán)限是指用戶比角色多出的權(quán)限,減權(quán)限是指用戶比角色少的權(quán)限
整合SpringSecurity及JWT
在pom.xml中添加項目依賴
<!--SpringSecurity依賴配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Hutool Java工具包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!--JWT(Json Web Token)登錄支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
添加JWT token的工具類
用于生成和解析JWT token的工具類
相關(guān)方法說明:
generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) :用于根據(jù)登錄用戶信息生成token
getUserNameFromToken(String token):從token中獲取登錄用戶的信息
validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails):判斷token是否還有效
package com.macro.mall.tiny.common.utils;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* JwtToken生成的工具類
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
@Component
public class JwtTokenUtil {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtTokenUtil.class);
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_CREATED = "created";
@Value("${jwt.secret}")
private String secret;
@Value("${jwt.expiration}")
private Long expiration;
/**
* 根據(jù)負(fù)責(zé)生成JWT的token
*/
private String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {
return Jwts.builder()
.setClaims(claims)
.setExpiration(generateExpirationDate())
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
.compact();
}
/**
* 從token中獲取JWT中的負(fù)載
*/
private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
Claims claims = null;
try {
claims = Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(secret)
.parseClaimsJws(token)
.getBody();
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.info("JWT格式驗證失敗:{}",token);
}
return claims;
}
/**
* 生成token的過期時間
*/
private Date generateExpirationDate() {
return new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000);
}
/**
* 從token中獲取登錄用戶名
*/
public String getUserNameFromToken(String token) {
String username;
try {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
username = claims.getSubject();
} catch (Exception e) {
username = null;
}
return username;
}
/**
* 驗證token是否還有效
*
* @param token 客戶端傳入的token
* @param userDetails 從數(shù)據(jù)庫中查詢出來的用戶信息
*/
public boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
String username = getUserNameFromToken(token);
return username.equals(userDetails.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token);
}
/**
* 判斷token是否已經(jīng)失效
*/
private boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
Date expiredDate = getExpiredDateFromToken(token);
return expiredDate.before(new Date());
}
/**
* 從token中獲取過期時間
*/
private Date getExpiredDateFromToken(String token) {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
return claims.getExpiration();
}
/**
* 根據(jù)用戶信息生成token
*/
public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
return generateToken(claims);
}
/**
* 判斷token是否可以被刷新
*/
public boolean canRefresh(String token) {
return !isTokenExpired(token);
}
/**
* 刷新token
*/
public String refreshToken(String token) {
Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
return generateToken(claims);
}
}
添加SpringSecurity的配置類
package com.macro.mall.tiny.config;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.component.JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.component.RestAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.component.RestfulAccessDeniedHandler;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.dto.AdminUserDetails;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.mbg.model.UmsAdmin;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.mbg.model.UmsPermission;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.service.UmsAdminService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import java.util.List;
/**
* SpringSecurity的配置
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private UmsAdminService adminService;
@Autowired
private RestfulAccessDeniedHandler restfulAccessDeniedHandler;
@Autowired
private RestAuthenticationEntryPoint restAuthenticationEntryPoint;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
httpSecurity.csrf()// 由于使用的是JWT,我們這里不需要csrf
.disable()
.sessionManagement()// 基于token,所以不需要session
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, // 允許對于網(wǎng)站靜態(tài)資源的無授權(quán)訪問
"/",
"/*.html",
"/favicon.ico",
"/**/*.html",
"/**/*.css",
"/**/*.js",
"/swagger-resources/**",
"/v2/api-docs/**"
)
.permitAll()
.antMatchers("/admin/login", "/admin/register")// 對登錄注冊要允許匿名訪問
.permitAll()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)//跨域請求會先進(jìn)行一次options請求
.permitAll()
// .antMatchers("/**")//測試時全部運行訪問
// .permitAll()
.anyRequest()// 除上面外的所有請求全部需要鑒權(quán)認(rèn)證
.authenticated();
// 禁用緩存
httpSecurity.headers().cacheControl();
// 添加JWT filter
httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
//添加自定義未授權(quán)和未登錄結(jié)果返回
httpSecurity.exceptionHandling()
.accessDeniedHandler(restfulAccessDeniedHandler)
.authenticationEntryPoint(restAuthenticationEntryPoint);
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
//獲取登錄用戶信息
return username -> {
UmsAdmin admin = adminService.getAdminByUsername(username);
if (admin != null) {
List<UmsPermission> permissionList = adminService.getPermissionList(admin.getId());
return new AdminUserDetails(admin,permissionList);
}
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用戶名或密碼錯誤");
};
}
@Bean
public JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter(){
return new JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
}
相關(guān)依賴及方法說明
configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity):用于配置需要攔截的url路徑、jwt過濾器及出異常后的處理器;
configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth):用于配置UserDetailsService及PasswordEncoder;
RestfulAccessDeniedHandler:當(dāng)用戶沒有訪問權(quán)限時的處理器,用于返回JSON格式的處理結(jié)果;
RestAuthenticationEntryPoint:當(dāng)未登錄或token失效時,返回JSON格式的結(jié)果;
UserDetailsService:SpringSecurity定義的核心接口,用于根據(jù)用戶名獲取用戶信息,需要自行實現(xiàn);
UserDetails:SpringSecurity定義用于封裝用戶信息的類(主要是用戶信息和權(quán)限),需要自行實現(xiàn);
PasswordEncoder:SpringSecurity定義的用于對密碼進(jìn)行編碼及比對的接口,目前使用的是BCryptPasswordEncoder;
JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter:在用戶名和密碼校驗前添加的過濾器,如果有jwt的token,會自行根據(jù)token信息進(jìn)行登錄。
添加RestfulAccessDeniedHandler
package com.macro.mall.tiny.component;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.common.api.CommonResult;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 當(dāng)訪問接口沒有權(quán)限時,自定義的返回結(jié)果
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
@Component
public class RestfulAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler{
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.parse(CommonResult.forbidden(e.getMessage())));
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
添加RestAuthenticationEntryPoint
package com.macro.mall.tiny.component;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.common.api.CommonResult;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 當(dāng)未登錄或者token失效訪問接口時,自定義的返回結(jié)果
* Created by macro on 2018/5/14.
*/
@Component
public class RestAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.parse(CommonResult.unauthorized(authException.getMessage())));
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
添加AdminUserDetails
package com.macro.mall.tiny.dto;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.mbg.model.UmsAdmin;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.mbg.model.UmsPermission;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* SpringSecurity需要的用戶詳情
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
public class AdminUserDetails implements UserDetails {
private UmsAdmin umsAdmin;
private List<UmsPermission> permissionList;
public AdminUserDetails(UmsAdmin umsAdmin, List<UmsPermission> permissionList) {
this.umsAdmin = umsAdmin;
this.permissionList = permissionList;
}
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
//返回當(dāng)前用戶的權(quán)限
return permissionList.stream()
.filter(permission -> permission.getValue()!=null)
.map(permission ->new SimpleGrantedAuthority(permission.getValue()))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return umsAdmin.getPassword();
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return umsAdmin.getUsername();
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return umsAdmin.getStatus().equals(1);
}
}
添加JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter
在用戶名和密碼校驗前添加的過濾器,如果請求中有jwt的token且有效,會取出token中的用戶名,然后調(diào)用SpringSecurity的API進(jìn)行登錄操作。
package com.macro.mall.tiny.component;
import com.macro.mall.tiny.common.utils.JwtTokenUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* JWT登錄授權(quán)過濾器
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter.class);
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHeader}")
private String tokenHeader;
@Value("${jwt.tokenHead}")
private String tokenHead;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String authHeader = request.getHeader(this.tokenHeader);
if (authHeader != null && authHeader.startsWith(this.tokenHead)) {
String authToken = authHeader.substring(this.tokenHead.length());// The part after "Bearer "
String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUserNameFromToken(authToken);
LOGGER.info("checking username:{}", username);
if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authToken, userDetails)) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
LOGGER.info("authenticated user:{}", username);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
項目源碼地址 github.com/macrozheng/…
mall持續(xù)更新地址:https://github.com/macrozheng/mall
以上就是mall整合SpringSecurity及JWT實現(xiàn)認(rèn)證授權(quán)實戰(zhàn)的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容,更多關(guān)于mall整合SpringSecurity JWT的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章!
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