Springboot利用Redis實(shí)現(xiàn)接口冪等性攔截
前言
近期一個(gè)老項(xiàng)目出現(xiàn)了接口冪等性 校驗(yàn)問(wèn)題,前端加了按鈕置灰,
依然被人拉著接口參數(shù)一頓輸出,還是重復(fù)調(diào)用了接口,小陳及時(shí)趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng),通過(guò)復(fù)制粘貼,完成了后端接口冪等性調(diào)用校驗(yàn)。
以前寫過(guò)一篇關(guān)于接口簡(jiǎn)單限流防止重復(fù)調(diào)用的,但是跟該篇還是不一樣的,該篇的角度是接口和參數(shù)整體一致才當(dāng)做重復(fù)。
簡(jiǎn)單限流:Springboot使用redis實(shí)現(xiàn)接口Api限流的實(shí)例
該篇內(nèi)容:
實(shí)現(xiàn)接口調(diào)用的冪等性校驗(yàn)
方案 :自定義注解+redis+攔截器+MD5 實(shí)現(xiàn)
草圖,意會(huì)(用戶標(biāo)識(shí)不是必要,看業(yè)務(wù)場(chǎng)景是針對(duì)個(gè)人還是只針對(duì)接口&參數(shù)):

話不多說(shuō),開始實(shí)戰(zhàn)。
PS: 前排提醒,如果你還不知道怎么springboot整合redis,可以先去看下redis使用系列的 一、二。
SpringBoot中對(duì)應(yīng)2.0.x版本的Redis配置詳解
SpringBoot整合Redis之編寫RedisConfig
正文

自定義注解 怎么玩的 :
①標(biāo)記哪個(gè)接口需要進(jìn)行冪等性攔截
②每個(gè)接口可以要求冪等性范圍時(shí)間不一樣,舉例:可以2秒內(nèi),可以3秒內(nèi),時(shí)間自己傳
③ 一旦觸發(fā)了,提示語(yǔ)可以不同 ,舉例:VIP的接口,普通用戶的接口,提示語(yǔ)不一樣(開玩笑)
效果:


實(shí)戰(zhàn)開始
核心三件套
注解、攔截器、攔截器配置
① RepeatDaMie.java
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-13 9:04
* @Description: 自定義注解,防止重復(fù)提交
*/
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface RepeatDaMie {
/**
* 時(shí)間ms限制
*/
public int second() default 1;
/**
* 提示消息
*/
public String describe() default "重復(fù)提交了,兄弟";
}
②ApiRepeatInterceptor.java
import com.example.repeatdemo.annotation.RepeatDaMie;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.ContextUtil;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.Md5Encrypt;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.RedisUtils;
import com.example.repeatdemo.wrapper.CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-15 9:11
* @Description: 接口冪等性校驗(yàn)攔截器
*/
@Component
public class ApiRepeatInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
private static final String POST="POST";
private static final String GET="GET";
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
try {
if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
// 獲取RepeatDaMie注解
RepeatDaMie repeatDaMie = handlerMethod.getMethodAnnotation(RepeatDaMie.class);
if (null==repeatDaMie) {
return true;
}
//限制的時(shí)間范圍
int seconds = repeatDaMie.second();
//這個(gè)用戶唯一標(biāo)識(shí),可以自己細(xì)微調(diào)整,是userId還是token還是sessionId還是不需要
String userUniqueKey = request.getHeader("userUniqueKey");
String method = request.getMethod();
String apiParams = "";
if (GET.equals(method)){
log.info("GET請(qǐng)求來(lái)了");
apiParams = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(request.getParameterMap());
}else if (POST.equals(method)){
log.info("POST請(qǐng)求來(lái)了");
CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper wrapper = (CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper) request;
apiParams = wrapper.getBody();
}
log.info("當(dāng)前參數(shù)是:{}",apiParams);
// 存儲(chǔ)key
String keyRepeatDaMie = Md5Encrypt.md5(userUniqueKey+request.getServletPath()+apiParams) ;
RedisUtils redisUtils = ContextUtil.getBean(RedisUtils.class);
if (Objects.nonNull(redisUtils.get(keyRepeatDaMie))){
log.info("重復(fù)請(qǐng)求了,重復(fù)請(qǐng)求了,攔截了");
returnData(response,repeatDaMie.describe());
return false;
}else {
redisUtils.setWithTime(keyRepeatDaMie, true,seconds);
}
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.warn("請(qǐng)求過(guò)于頻繁請(qǐng)稍后再試");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
public void returnData(HttpServletResponse response,String msg) throws IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
//這里傳提示語(yǔ)可以改成自己項(xiàng)目的返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)封裝的類
response.getWriter().println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(msg));
return;
}
}
③ WebConfig.java
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-15 9:24
* @Description:
*/
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(new ApiRepeatInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
}
工具類三件套
①ContextUtil.java
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-15 9:24
* @Description:
*/
@Component
public final class ContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
protected static ApplicationContext applicationContext ;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext arg0) throws BeansException {
if (applicationContext == null) {
applicationContext = arg0;
}
}
public static Object getBean(String name) {
//name表示其他要注入的注解name名
return applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
/**
* 拿到ApplicationContext對(duì)象實(shí)例后就可以手動(dòng)獲取Bean的注入實(shí)例對(duì)象
*/
public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clazz) {
return applicationContext.getBean(clazz);
}
}
②Md5Encrypt.java
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @CreateTime: 2018-10-30
* @Description:
*/
public class Md5Encrypt {
private static final char[] DIGITS = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a',
'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
/**
* 對(duì)字符串進(jìn)行MD5加密
*
* @param text 明文
* @return 密文
*/
public static String md5(String text) {
MessageDigest msgDigest = null;
try {
msgDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("System doesn't support MD5 algorithm.");
}
try {
// 注意該接口是按照指定編碼形式簽名
msgDigest.update(text.getBytes("UTF-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("System doesn't support your EncodingException.");
}
byte[] bytes = msgDigest.digest();
String md5Str = new String(encodeHex(bytes));
return md5Str;
}
private static char[] encodeHex(byte[] data) {
int l = data.length;
char[] out = new char[l << 1];
// two characters form the hex value.
for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i++) {
out[j++] = DIGITS[(0xF0 & data[i]) >>> 4];
out[j++] = DIGITS[0x0F & data[i]];
}
return out;
}
}
③RedisUtils.java
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
public class RedisUtils {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 寫入String型 [ 鍵,值]
*
* @param key
* @param value
* @return
*/
public boolean set(final String key, Object value) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 寫入String型,順便帶有過(guò)期時(shí)間 [ 鍵,值]
*
* @param key
* @param value
* @return
*/
public boolean setWithTime(final String key, Object value,int seconds) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value,seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 批量刪除對(duì)應(yīng)的value
*
* @param keys
*/
public void remove(final String... keys) {
for (String key : keys) {
remove(key);
}
}
/**
* 批量刪除key
*
* @param pattern
*/
public void removePattern(final String pattern) {
Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
if (keys.size() > 0)
redisTemplate.delete(keys);
}
/**
* 刪除對(duì)應(yīng)的value
*
* @param key
*/
public void remove(final String key) {
if (exists(key)) {
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
}
/**
* 判斷緩存中是否有對(duì)應(yīng)的value
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public boolean exists(final String key) {
return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
}
/**
* 讀取緩存
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Object get(final String key) {
Object result = null;
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
result = operations.get(key);
return result;
}
/**
* 哈希 添加
* hash 一個(gè)鍵值(key->value)對(duì)集合
*
* @param key
* @param hashKey
* @param value
*/
public void hmSet(String key, Object hashKey, Object value) {
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hash.put(key, hashKey, value);
}
/**
* Hash獲取數(shù)據(jù)
*
* @param key
* @param hashKey
* @return
*/
public Object hmGet(String key, Object hashKey) {
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hash.get(key, hashKey);
}
/**
* 列表添加
* list:lpush key value1
*
* @param k
* @param v
*/
public void lPush(String k, Object v) {
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
list.rightPush(k, v);
}
/**
* 列表List獲取
* lrange: key 0 10 (讀取的個(gè)數(shù) 從0開始 讀取到下標(biāo)為10 的數(shù)據(jù))
*
* @param k
* @param l
* @param l1
* @return
*/
public List<Object> lRange(String k, long l, long l1) {
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return list.range(k, l, l1);
}
/**
* Set集合添加
*
* @param key
* @param value
*/
public void add(String key, Object value) {
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
set.add(key, value);
}
/**
* Set 集合獲取
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> setMembers(String key) {
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return set.members(key);
}
/**
* Sorted set :有序集合添加
*
* @param key
* @param value
* @param scoure
*/
public void zAdd(String key, Object value, double scoure) {
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
zset.add(key, value, scoure);
}
/**
* Sorted set:有序集合獲取
*
* @param key
* @param scoure
* @param scoure1
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> rangeByScore(String key, double scoure, double scoure1) {
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zset.rangeByScore(key, scoure, scoure1);
}
/**
* 根據(jù)key獲取Set中的所有值
*
* @param key 鍵
* @return
*/
public Set<Integer> sGet(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 根據(jù)value從一個(gè)set中查詢,是否存在
*
* @param key 鍵
* @param value 值
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
}
REDIS配置類
RedisConfig.java
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import static org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @CreateTime: 2018-09-11
* @Description:
*/
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration =
defaultCacheConfig()
.disableCachingNullValues()
.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class)));
return RedisCacheManager.builder(connectionFactory).cacheDefaults(cacheConfiguration).build();
}
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
//序列化設(shè)置 ,這樣為了存儲(chǔ)操作對(duì)象時(shí)正常顯示的數(shù)據(jù),也能正常存儲(chǔ)和獲取
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
return redisTemplate;
}
@Bean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();
stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
return stringRedisTemplate;
}
}
最后寫測(cè)試接口,看看效果(一個(gè)POST,一個(gè)GET):
故意把時(shí)間放大,1000秒內(nèi)重復(fù)調(diào)用,符合我們攔截規(guī)則的都會(huì)被攔截。
TestController.java
import com.example.repeatdemo.dto.PayOrderApply;
import com.example.repeatdemo.annotation.RepeatDaMie;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-05 9:44
* @Description:
*/
@RestController
public class TestController {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@RepeatDaMie(second = 1000,describe = "尊敬的客戶,您慢點(diǎn)")
@PostMapping(value = "/doPost")
@ResponseBody
public void test(@RequestBody PayOrderApply payOrderApply) {
log.info("Controller POST請(qǐng)求:"+payOrderApply.toString());
}
@RepeatDaMie(second = 1000,describe = "大哥,你冷靜點(diǎn)")
@GetMapping(value = "/doGet")
@ResponseBody
public void doGet( PayOrderApply payOrderApply) {
log.info("Controller GET請(qǐng)求:"+payOrderApply.toString());
}
}
PayOrderApply.java
/**
* @Author: JCccc
* @Date: 2022-6-12 9:46
* @Description:
*/
public class PayOrderApply {
private String sn;
private Long amount;
private String proCode;
public String getSn() {
return sn;
}
public void setSn(String sn) {
this.sn = sn;
}
public Long getAmount() {
return amount;
}
public void setAmount(Long amount) {
this.amount = amount;
}
public String getProCode() {
return proCode;
}
public void setProCode(String proCode) {
this.proCode = proCode;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "PayOrderApply{" +
"sn='" + sn + '\'' +
", amount=" + amount +
", proCode='" + proCode + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
redis生成了值:


到此這篇關(guān)于Springboot利用Redis實(shí)現(xiàn)接口冪等性攔截的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Springboot接口冪等性攔截內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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