分布式框架Zookeeper?api的使用介紹
前言
Zookeeper API共包含五個包,分別為:
- org.apache.zookeeper
- org.apache.zookeeper.data
- org.apache.zookeeper.server
- org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum
- org.apache.zookeeper.server.upgrade
其中org.apache.zookeeper,包含Zookeeper類,他是我們編程時最常?的類文件。這個類是Zookeeper客戶端的主要類文件。如果要使用Zookeeper服務,應?程序?先必須創(chuàng)建?個Zookeeper實例,這時就需要使用此類。?旦客戶端和Zookeeper服務端建立起了連接,Zookeeper系統(tǒng)將會給本次連接會話分配?個ID值,并且客戶端將會周期性的向服務器端發(fā)送心跳來維持會話連接。只要連接有效,客戶端就可以使?Zookeeper API來做相應處理了
導入依賴
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.14</version> </dependency>
建立會話
package com.lagou.api; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; public class CreateSession implements Watcher { private static CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1); /** * 建立會話 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { /* 客戶端可以通過創(chuàng)建?個zk實例來連接zk服務器 new Zookeeper(connectString,sesssionTimeOut,Wather) connectString: 連接地址:IP:端? sesssionTimeOut:會話超時時間:單位毫秒 Wather:監(jiān)聽器(當特定事件觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽時,zk會通過watcher通知到客戶端) */ ZooKeeper zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, new CreateSession()); System.out.println(zooKeeper.getState()); // 計數工具類 CountDownLatch : 不讓main方法結束,讓線程處于等待阻塞 countDownLatch.await(); System.out.println("客戶端與服務端會話真正建立了"); } /** * 回調方法:處理來自服務器端的watcher通知 */ // 當前類實現了Watcher接?,重寫了process?法,該?法負責處理來?Zookeeper服務端的watcher通知,在收到服務端發(fā)送過來的SyncConnected事件之后,解除主程序在CountDownLatch上的等待阻塞,?此,會話創(chuàng)建完畢 public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { //當連接創(chuàng)建了,服務端發(fā)送給客戶端SyncConnected事件 if(watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { // 解除主程序在CountDownLatch上的等待阻塞 countDownLatch.countDown(); } } }
注意,ZooKeeper 客戶端和服務端會話的建立是?個異步的過程,也就是說在程序中,構造?法會在處理完客戶端初始化工作后立即返回,在?多數情況下,此時并沒有真正建立好?個可用的會話,在會話的生命周期中處于“CONNECTING”的狀態(tài)。當該會話真正創(chuàng)建完畢后ZooKeeper服務端會向會話對應的客戶端發(fā)送?個事件通知,以告知客戶端,客戶端只有在獲取這個通知之后,才算真正建立了會話。
創(chuàng)建節(jié)點
package com.lagou.api; import org.apache.zookeeper.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; public class CreateNote implements Watcher { private static ZooKeeper zooKeeper; /** * 建立會話 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* 客戶端可以通過創(chuàng)建?個zk實例來連接zk服務器 new Zookeeper(connectString,sesssionTimeOut,Wather) connectString: 連接地址:IP:端? sesssionTimeOut:會話超時時間:單位毫秒 Wather:監(jiān)聽器(當特定事件觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽時,zk會通過watcher通知到客戶端) */ zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, new CreateNote()); System.out.println(zooKeeper.getState()); Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); } // 創(chuàng)建節(jié)點的方法 private static void createNoteSync() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { /** * path :節(jié)點創(chuàng)建的路徑 * data[] :節(jié)點創(chuàng)建要保存的數據,是個byte類型的 * acl :節(jié)點創(chuàng)建的權限信息(4種類型) * ANYONE_ID_UNSAFE : 表示任何? * AUTH_IDS :此ID僅可?于設置ACL。它將被客戶機驗證的ID替換。 * OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE :這是?個完全開放的ACL(常?)--> world:anyone * CREATOR_ALL_ACL :此ACL授予創(chuàng)建者身份驗證ID的所有權限 * createMode :創(chuàng)建節(jié)點的類型(4種類型) * PERSISTENT:持久節(jié)點 * PERSISTENT_SEQUENTIAL:持久順序節(jié)點 * EPHEMERAL:臨時節(jié)點 * EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL:臨時順序節(jié)點 String node = zookeeper.create(path,data,acl,createMode); */ // 持久節(jié)點 String note_persistent = zooKeeper.create("/lg-persistent", "持久節(jié)點內容".getBytes(), ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT); // 臨時節(jié)點 String note_ephemeral = zooKeeper.create("/lg-ephemeral", "臨時節(jié)點內容".getBytes(), ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL); // 持久順序節(jié)點 String note_sequential = zooKeeper.create("/lg-sequential", "持久順序節(jié)點內容".getBytes(), ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT_SEQUENTIAL); System.out.println("創(chuàng)建的持久節(jié)點: " + note_persistent); System.out.println("創(chuàng)建的臨時節(jié)點: " + note_ephemeral); System.out.println("創(chuàng)建的持久順序節(jié)點: " + note_sequential); } /** * 回調方法:處理來自服務器端的watcher通知 */ public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { // SyncConnected if (watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { // 創(chuàng)建節(jié)點 try { createNoteSync(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } }
獲取節(jié)點數據
package com.lagou.api; import org.apache.zookeeper.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; public class GetNoteData implements Watcher { private static ZooKeeper zooKeeper; /** * 建立會話 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* 客戶端可以通過創(chuàng)建?個zk實例來連接zk服務器 new Zookeeper(connectString,sesssionTimeOut,Wather) connectString: 連接地址:IP:端? sesssionTimeOut:會話超時時間:單位毫秒 Wather:監(jiān)聽器(當特定事件觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽時,zk會通過watcher通知到客戶端) */ zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, new GetNoteData()); System.out.println(zooKeeper.getState()); Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); } /** * 回調方法:處理來自服務器端的watcher通知 */ public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { /* 子節(jié)點列表發(fā)生改變時,服務端會發(fā)送noteChildrenChanged事件通知 要重新獲取子節(jié)點列表,同時注意:通知是一次性的,需要反復注冊監(jiān)聽 */ if (watchedEvent.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeChildrenChanged) { List<String> children = null; try { children = zooKeeper.getChildren("/lg-persistent", true); } catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } System.out.println(children); } // SyncConnected if (watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { // 獲取節(jié)點數據的方法 try { getNoteData(); // 獲取節(jié)點的子節(jié)點列表方法 getChildren(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } /* 獲取某個節(jié)點的內容 */ private void getNoteData() throws Exception { /** * path : 獲取數據的路徑 * watch : 是否開啟監(jiān)聽 * stat : 節(jié)點狀態(tài)信息 * null: 表示獲取最新版本的數據 * zk.getData(path, watch, stat); */ byte[] data = zooKeeper.getData("/lg-persistent", false, null); System.out.println(new String(data)); } /* 獲取某個節(jié)點的子節(jié)點列表方法 */ public static void getChildren() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* path:路徑 watch:是否要啟動監(jiān)聽,當?節(jié)點列表發(fā)?變化,會觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽 zooKeeper.getChildren(path, watch); */ List<String> children = zooKeeper.getChildren("/lg-persistent", true); System.out.println(children); } }
修改節(jié)點數據
package com.lagou.api; import org.apache.zookeeper.*; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; import java.io.IOException; public class UpdateNoteData implements Watcher { private static ZooKeeper zooKeeper; /** * 建立會話 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* 客戶端可以通過創(chuàng)建?個zk實例來連接zk服務器 new Zookeeper(connectString,sesssionTimeOut,Wather) connectString: 連接地址:IP:端? sesssionTimeOut:會話超時時間:單位毫秒 Wather:監(jiān)聽器(當特定事件觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽時,zk會通過watcher通知到客戶端) */ zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, new UpdateNoteData()); System.out.println(zooKeeper.getState()); Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); } /** * 回調方法:處理來自服務器端的watcher通知 */ public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { // SyncConnected if (watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { // 更新數據節(jié)點內容的方法 try { updateNoteSync(); } catch (InterruptedException | KeeperException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } /* 更新數據節(jié)點內容的方法 */ private void updateNoteSync() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* path:路徑 data:要修改的內容 byte[] version:為-1,表示對最新版本的數據進?修改 zooKeeper.setData(path, data,version); */ byte[] data = zooKeeper.getData("/lg-persistent", false, null); System.out.println("修改前的值:" + new String(data)); // 修改 /lg-persistent 的數據 stat: 狀態(tài)信息對象 Stat stat = zooKeeper.setData("/lg-persistent", "客戶端修改了節(jié)點數據".getBytes(), -1); byte[] data2 = zooKeeper.getData("/lg-persistent", false, null); System.out.println("修改后的值:" + new String(data2)); } }
刪除節(jié)點
package com.lagou.api; import org.apache.zookeeper.*; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; import java.io.IOException; public class DeleteNote implements Watcher { private static ZooKeeper zooKeeper; /** * 建立會話 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* 客戶端可以通過創(chuàng)建?個zk實例來連接zk服務器 new Zookeeper(connectString,sesssionTimeOut,Wather) connectString: 連接地址:IP:端? sesssionTimeOut:會話超時時間:單位毫秒 Wather:監(jiān)聽器(當特定事件觸發(fā)監(jiān)聽時,zk會通過watcher通知到客戶端) */ zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper("127.0.0.1:2181", 5000, new DeleteNote()); System.out.println(zooKeeper.getState()); Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); } /** * 回調方法:處理來自服務器端的watcher通知 */ public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { // SyncConnected if (watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { // 刪除節(jié)點 try { deleteNoteSync(); } catch (InterruptedException | KeeperException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } /* 刪除節(jié)點方法 */ private void deleteNoteSync() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { /* zooKeeper.exists(path,watch) :判斷節(jié)點是否存在 zookeeper.delete(path,version) : 刪除節(jié)點 */ Stat stat = zooKeeper.exists("/lg-persistent/c1", false); System.out.println(stat == null ? "該節(jié)點不存在" : "該節(jié)點存在"); if (stat != null) { zooKeeper.delete("/lg-persistent/c1", -1); } Stat stat2 = zooKeeper.exists("/lg-persistent/c1", false); System.out.println(stat2 == null ? "該節(jié)點不存在" : "該節(jié)點存在"); } }
到此這篇關于分布式框架Zookeeper api的使用介紹的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Zookeeper api內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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