Spring?cloud?實現(xiàn)房源查詢功能的實例代碼
前言
這個項目的功能很簡單只涉及了查詢功能,這個項目的的目的是熟悉SpringCloud框架,明白服務(wù)與服務(wù)之間的調(diào)用是通過http請求完成的使用微服務(wù)的架構(gòu)而Feign可以使其像調(diào)用本地方法一樣,學會在其他模塊調(diào)用另一模塊的服務(wù)和內(nèi)容,完成負載均衡,學會將不同端口注冊到eureka ,了解網(wǎng)關(guān)并會配置網(wǎng)關(guān)和使用斷路器。
核心組件
服務(wù)注冊中心
Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka
服務(wù)調(diào)用方式
REST API、Feign、 Ribbon
服務(wù)網(wǎng)關(guān)
Spring Cloud Netflix Zuul
斷路器
Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix
數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計
由于本項目只是為了完整的實現(xiàn)SpringCloud項目并明白框架功能故只設(shè)計查詢功能,所以只設(shè)計兩張表
表1 house
表2
1 項目搭建
本項目是一個多模塊項目,創(chuàng)建一個 Spring Initializr 項目 不自動添加依賴項,完成創(chuàng)建后刪除自帶的src目錄,并在根目錄下創(chuàng)建新的maven模塊。
1.1添加依賴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>house-server</module> <module>eureak-server</module> <module>house-zuul</module> </modules> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.12.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-house-test1</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>spring-cloud-house-test1</name> <description>spring-cloud-house-test1</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Greenwich.SR5</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2 開發(fā)房源查詢模塊:
2.1 house-list 模塊
2.1.1模塊總覽:
端口號 8081 url接口 /house
參數(shù)名稱 :null
參數(shù)類型 : null
說明 : 找到上線房源 打印list
2 .1.2寫配置文件
創(chuàng)建application.properties
?server.port=8081 spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/house_test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=123456 logging.pattern.console=%clr(%d{${LOG_DATEFORMAT_PATTERN:HH:mm:ss.SSS}}){faint} %clr(${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p}) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:%wEx} mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true spring.application.name=house-list eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
2.1.3 依賴項配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>house-server</artifactId> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>houser-list</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <!-- eureka-client--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2.1.3 啟動類
/** * 描述: 項目啟動類 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient public class HouseListApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HouseListApplication.class, args); }
2.1.4 controller
/** * 描述: CourseListController課程列表Controller */ @RestController//將返結(jié)果是json對象 public class HouseListController { @Autowired HouseListService houseListService; @GetMapping("/house") public List<House> houseList() { return houseListService.getCourseList(); } }
2.1.5 創(chuàng)建entity實體類,實現(xiàn)set /get 方法并用自動生成重寫toString方法。
/** * 描述: House實體類 */ public class House implements Serializable { Integer id; Integer houseId; String houseName; Integer valid; @Override public String toString() { return "Course{" + "id=" + id + ", courseId=" + houseId + ", courseName='" + houseName + '\'' + ", valid=" + valid + '}'; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getHouseId() { return houseId; } public void setHouseId(Integer houseId) { this.houseId = houseId; } public String getHouseName() { return houseName; } public void setHouseName(String houseName) { this.houseName = houseName; } public Integer getValid() { return valid; } public void setValid(Integer valid) { this.valid = valid; } }
2.1.6 service
/** * 描述: 房源列表服務(wù) */ public interface HouseListService { List<House> getCourseList(); }
impl 實現(xiàn)類
@Service public class HouseListServiceImpl implements HouseListService { @Autowired HouseMapper houseMapper; @Override public List<House> getCourseList() { return houseMapper.findValidCourses(); } }
mapper
/** * 描述: 房源的Mapper類 */ @Mapper @Repository public interface HouseMapper { @Select("SELECT * FROM house WHERE valid = 1") List<House> findValidCourses(); }
這里實現(xiàn)的是查詢已上線的房源。
2.2 房價模塊
2.2.1 總覽
端口號 8083
url接口 /price
參數(shù)名稱 :houseId
參數(shù)類型 : int
說明 : 獲取到對應(yīng)房源id的價格
url接口 /HouseInPrice
參數(shù)名稱 :null
參數(shù)類型 : null
說明 : 作用與/list/house類似只是為了測試引入功能
url接口 /houseAndPrice
參數(shù)名稱 :null
參數(shù)類型 : null
說明 : 獲取到房子id 價格 id 名字
2.2.2 配置文件與依賴
server.port=8082 spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/house_test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=123456 logging.pattern.console=%clr(%d{${LOG_DATEFORMAT_PATTERN:HH:mm:ss.SSS}}){faint} %clr(${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p}) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:%wEx} #tuo feng ming ming zhuan huan mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true spring.application.name=house-price eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/ house-list.ribbon.NFLoadBanlancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule feign.hystrix.enabled=true
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>house-server</artifactId> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>house-price</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- feign--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <artifactId>houser-list</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2.2.3 啟動類
/** * 描述: 項目啟動類 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients @EnableCircuitBreaker public class HousePriceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HousePriceApplication.class, args); } }
2.2.4 client
/** * 描述: 房源列表的Feign客戶端 */ //當遠端服務(wù)出現(xiàn)問題會進入這個類 @FeignClient(value = "house-list" ,fallback = HouseListClientHystrix.class) //有多個實例時,帶有注解的人就是注入的 @Primary public interface HouseListClient { @GetMapping("/house") public List<House> houseList(); }
如果不用feign 不同服務(wù)是不能進行調(diào)用的,我們在需要使用整合服務(wù)的模塊中引入依賴 ,我加了注釋了,再在啟動類中加入注解,并創(chuàng)建一個類來作為我們引入模塊的feign客戶端,直接從我們想要引入的服務(wù)的controller中復制即可,引入后會有提示,要引入對另一個模塊的依賴,就能數(shù)顯服務(wù)的整合了。
/** * 描述: 斷路器實現(xiàn)類 */ @Component public class HouseListClientHystrix implements HouseListClient { @Override public List<House> houseList() { List<House> defaultCourses = new ArrayList<>(); House House = new House(); House.setId(1); House.setHouseId(1); House.setHouseName("默認房源"); House.setValid(1); defaultCourses.add(House); return defaultCourses; } }
發(fā)生錯誤時調(diào)用的類,給服務(wù)的返回是默認的返回值 @Component 注解使它成為一個組件
2.2.5 controller
/** * 描述: 房價格控制器 */ @RestController public class HousePriceController { @Autowired HousePriceService housePriceService; @Autowired HouseListClient houseListClient; @GetMapping("/price") public Integer getCoursePrice(Integer houseId) { HousePrice housePrice = housePriceService.getHousePrice(houseId); return housePrice.getPrice(); } @GetMapping("/HouseInPrice") public List<House> getHouseListInPrice(Integer houseId) { List<House> houses = houseListClient.houseList(); return houses; } @GetMapping("/houseAndPrice") public List<HouseAndPrice> getCoursesAndPrice() { List<HouseAndPrice> houseAndPrice = housePriceService.getHousesAndPrice(); return houseAndPrice; } }
2.2.6 service
/** * 描述: 房價格服務(wù) */ public interface HousePriceService { HousePrice getHousePrice(Integer houseId); List<HouseAndPrice> getHousesAndPrice(); List<HousePrice> getHousePriceList(); }
impl
/** * 描述: 課程價格的服務(wù)實現(xiàn)類 */ @Service public class HousePriceServiceImpl implements HousePriceService { @Autowired HousePriceMapper housePriceMapper; @Autowired HouseListClient houseListClient; @Override public HousePrice getHousePrice(Integer houseId) { return housePriceMapper.findCoursePrice(houseId); } @Override public List<HouseAndPrice> getHousesAndPrice() { List<HouseAndPrice> houseAndPricesList = new ArrayList<>(); List<House> houses = houseListClient.houseList(); for(int i = 0;i < houses.size();i++){ House house = houses.get(i); if(house != null){ HousePrice housePrice = getHousePrice(house.getHouseId()); HouseAndPrice houseAndPrice = new HouseAndPrice(); houseAndPrice.setPrice(housePrice.getPrice()); houseAndPrice.setName(house.getHouseName()); houseAndPrice.setId(house.getId()); houseAndPrice.setHouseId(house.getHouseId()); houseAndPricesList.add(houseAndPrice); } } return houseAndPricesList; } @Override public List<HousePrice> getHousePriceList() { return housePriceMapper.getAll(); } }
第二個方法就體現(xiàn)除了服務(wù)的整合,我們并不用去進行多表查詢,只需要調(diào)用其他服務(wù)就能快捷完成。
2.2.7 實體類
/** * 融合類 * */ public class HouseAndPrice { Integer id; Integer houseId; String name; Integer price; @Override public String toString() { return "HouseAndPrice{" + "id=" + id + ", houseId=" + houseId + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", price=" + price + '}'; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getHouseId() { return houseId; } public void setHouseId(Integer houseId) { this.houseId = houseId; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(Integer price) { this.price = price; } }
public class HousePrice implements Serializable { Integer id; Integer houseId; Integer price; @Override public String toString() { return "HousePrice{" + "id=" + id + ", houseId=" + houseId + ", price=" + price + '}'; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getHouseId() { return houseId; } public void setHouseId(Integer houseId) { this.houseId = houseId; } public Integer getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(Integer price) { this.price = price; } }
2.2.8 mapper
/** * 描述: 房價格Mapper類 */ @Mapper @Repository public interface HousePriceMapper { @Select("SELECT * FROM house_price WHERE house_id = #{houseId}") HousePrice findCoursePrice(Integer courseId); @Select("SELECT * FROM house_price" ) List<HousePrice> getAll(); }
3 Eureka 開發(fā)
Eureka server服務(wù)注冊與管理的中心 生產(chǎn)者,提供者
調(diào)用方:
提供者把自己的信息注冊到上面,server就能掌握最新的動態(tài),調(diào)用方去調(diào)用服務(wù)是,會先去獲取最新的地址,獲取地址之后再去進行實際的調(diào)用。
Eureka 開發(fā)多了獲取地址這一步是對ip服務(wù)進行解耦 。
Eureka client改寫
我們把強兩個模塊進行Eureka Client改寫也很簡單,只用在啟動類上加注解
@EnableEurekaClient
在配置文件上進行配置
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
我們eureka端口號多少8000那項就是多少
3.1模塊總覽
3.2 配置文件與依賴
spring.application.name=eureka-server server.port=8000 eureka.instance.hostname=localhost #????? eureka.client.fetch-registry=false #????????? eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
第一個注釋是獲取注冊表。不需要同步其他節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)
第二個注釋是是否發(fā)自己也注冊上去
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>spring-cloud-house-test1</artifactId> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>eureak-server</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <name>course-eureka-server</name> <description>Spring Cloud Eureka</description> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.3 啟動類
/** * 描述: Eureka服務(wù)端 */ //eurekaserver啟動 @EnableEurekaServer @SpringBootApplication public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args); } }
這樣就證明我們的服務(wù)已經(jīng)注冊上去了
4 負載均衡
4.1負載均衡策略
RandomRule表示隨機策略
RoundRobinRule 表示輪詢策略
Response TimeWeightedRule加權(quán),根據(jù)每一個Server的平均響應(yīng)時間動態(tài)加權(quán)
4.2 為price模塊配置負載均衡
其實就是在配置文件中加一行
house-list.ribbon.NFLoadBanlancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRuley意思就是對house-list服務(wù)調(diào)用的時候采取的負載均衡的策略。
5 斷路器
起到一個兜底的作用,有些時候一個服務(wù)出現(xiàn)問題,我們不希望整個系統(tǒng)都崩潰掉,那我們可以采取降級的手段,雖然不能返回正常的數(shù)據(jù)卻可以保證系統(tǒng)正常運行。運用斷路器我們不僅要配置配置文件,加依賴,還要書寫一個短路類(參見price模塊下client 下的斷路器實現(xiàn)類)
6 網(wǎng)關(guān)
6.1 模塊總覽
6.2 配置文件與依賴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>spring-cloud-house-test1</artifactId> <groupId>com.xatu</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>house-zuul</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 網(wǎng)關(guān)依賴--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
spring.application.name=house-gateway server.port=9000 logging.pattern.console=%clr(%d{${LOG_DATEFORMAT_PATTERN:HH:mm:ss.SSS}}){faint} %clr(${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p}) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:%wEx} mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/ #??????? zuul.prefix=/xatu zuul.routes.house-list.path=/list/** zuul.routes.house-list.service-id=house-list zuul.routes.house-price.path=/price/** zuul.routes.house-price.service-id=house-price
6.3 啟動類
/** * 描述: 網(wǎng)關(guān)啟動類 */ //網(wǎng)關(guān)注解 @EnableZuulProxy @SpringCloudApplication public class ZuulGatewayApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ZuulGatewayApplication.class, args); } }
6.4 過濾器
pre 過濾器在路由請求之前運行
route 過濾器可以處理請求的實際路由
post 路由請求后運行過濾器
error如果在處理請求的過程中發(fā)生錯誤,則過濾器將運行
這里寫一個前置一個后置
/** * 描述: 前置過濾器 */ @Component public class PreRequestFilter extends ZuulFilter { //指定過濾器類別 @Override public String filterType() { return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE; } //順序 @Override public int filterOrder() { return 5; } //是不是走過濾器可以添加判斷 @Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } //通過過濾器將要實現(xiàn)的邏輯----打印出請求url @Override public Object run() throws ZuulException { RequestContext currentContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); //獲取當前請求uri System.out.println("URI:" + currentContext.getRequest().getRequestURI()); return null; } }
/** * 描述: 后置過濾器 */ @Component public class PostRequestFilter extends ZuulFilter { @Override public String filterType() { return FilterConstants.POST_TYPE; } @Override public int filterOrder() { return FilterConstants.SEND_RESPONSE_FILTER_ORDER - 1; } @Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } //打印返回狀態(tài)碼 @Override public Object run() throws ZuulException { RequestContext currentContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); int status = currentContext.getResponse().getStatus(); System.out.println("response status:" + status); return null; } }
瀏覽器輸入http://127.0.0.1:9000/xatu/house-list/house
可以看書過濾器也實現(xiàn)了
總結(jié)
1 通過這個項目我們了解了SpringCloud的幾個重要組件
2 數(shù)據(jù)流向
3 完成兩個模塊開發(fā)后進行了服務(wù)注冊與發(fā)現(xiàn)Eureka
4 為了使服務(wù)間調(diào)用更加簡便使用了Feign組件
5 使用到了負載均衡
6 使用到了熔斷器
7 使用網(wǎng)關(guān),并進行了過濾器的編寫
到此這篇關(guān)于Spring cloud 實現(xiàn)房源查詢功能的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Spring cloud 房源查詢內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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