基于雪花算法實(shí)現(xiàn)增強(qiáng)版ID生成器詳解

更新時(shí)間：2022年10月17日 14:13:15 作者：陳其苗

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了如何基于雪花算法實(shí)現(xiàn)增強(qiáng)版ID生成器，文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì)，對我們學(xué)習(xí)具有一定的借鑒價(jià)值，需要的可以了解一下

基于雪花算法的增強(qiáng)版ID生成器

解決了時(shí)間回?fù)艿膯栴}
無需手動指定workId, 微服務(wù)環(huán)境自適應(yīng)
可配置化

快速開始

1.依賴引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.mocreates</groupId>
    <artifactId>uid-generator</artifactId>
    <version>2.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2.配置序列器 Sequence

    @Bean
    public Sequence sequence() {
        SequenceConfig sequenceConfig = new SimpleSequenceConfig();
        return new Sequence(sequenceConfig);
    }

3.使用序列器生成ID

    @Autowired
    private Sequence sequence;
    
    public long generateId() {
        return sequence.nextId();
    }

配置解析

目前提供兩個(gè)配置類

io.github.mocreates.config.DefaultSequenceConfig
io.github.mocreates.config.SimpleSequenceConfig

前者需要顯式地指定 workerId、datacenterId，可以結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)庫來使用，后者是利用網(wǎng)卡信息進(jìn)行自適應(yīng)

詳情

字段名	釋義	默認(rèn)值
twepoch	可以被設(shè)置為最接近項(xiàng)目啟用前的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（unix 時(shí)間戳)	1665817757000L
workerIdBits	機(jī)器位所占的bit位數(shù)	19L
datacenterIdBits	數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)識位所占的bit位數(shù)	0L
sequenceBits	毫秒內(nèi)自增位數(shù)	3L
workerId	機(jī)器位
datacenterId	數(shù)據(jù)位	0L
inetAddress	網(wǎng)絡(luò)相關(guān)信息

生產(chǎn)推薦使用方式

1.依賴引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.mocreates</groupId>
    <artifactId>uid-generator</artifactId>
    <version>2.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2.創(chuàng)建表

CREATE TABLE `worker_node` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `node_info` varchar(512) NOT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `gmt_modify` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='DB WorkerID Assigner for UID Generator';

3.配置 (利用主鍵自增來分配workerId, 解決分布式環(huán)境下手動指定workerId的痛點(diǎn))

    @Bean
    public Sequence sequence(WorkerNodeMapper workerNodeMapper) throws UnknownHostException {
        WorkerNode workerNode = new WorkerNode();
        InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        workerNode.setNodeInfo(localHost.toString());
        workerNodeMapper.insertSelective(workerNode);
        DefaultSequenceConfig defaultSequenceConfig = new DefaultSequenceConfig();
        defaultSequenceConfig.setWorkerId(workerNode.getId());
        return new Sequence(defaultSequenceConfig);
    }

4.使用序列器生成ID

    @Autowired
    private Sequence sequence;
    
    public long generateId() {
        return sequence.nextId();
    }

JMH 性能測試

測試機(jī)硬件情況

MacBook Pro (13-inch, M1, 2020) 8C 16G

Sequence 配置參數(shù)

    private static final DefaultSequenceConfig SEQUENCE_CONFIG = new DefaultSequenceConfig();

    static {
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setSequenceBits(22);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setWorkerIdBits(0);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setDatacenterIdBits(0);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setTwepoch(System.currentTimeMillis());

        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setWorkerId(0L);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setDatacenterId(0L);
    }
    private static final Sequence SEQUENCE = new Sequence(SEQUENCE_CONFIG);

JMH參數(shù)

@BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
@Threads(10)
@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@Measurement(iterations = 10, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@State(value = Scope.Benchmark)
@Fork(1)
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)