SpringMVC整合SSM實(shí)現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)層數(shù)據(jù)封裝詳解

更新時(shí)間：2022年10月27日 09:53:25 作者：沫洺

這篇文章主要介紹了SpringMVC整合SSM實(shí)現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)層數(shù)據(jù)封裝，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)吧

SSM整合配置

SSM整合流程

1.創(chuàng)建工程

2.SSM整合

Spring

SpringConfig

MyBatis

MybatisConfig
JdbcConfig
jdbc.properties

SpringMVC

ServletConfig
SpringMvcConfig

3.功能模塊

表與實(shí)體類

dao（接口+自動(dòng)代理）

service（接口+實(shí)現(xiàn)類）

業(yè)務(wù)層接口測試（整合JUnit）

controller

表現(xiàn)層接口測試（PostMan）

SSM整合配置

創(chuàng)建工程，添加依賴和插件

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.16</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.24</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <port>80</port>
                <path>/</path>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Spring整合Mybatis

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫和表

-- 創(chuàng)建db5數(shù)據(jù)庫
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS db5 CHARACTER SET utf8;
-- 使用db5數(shù)據(jù)庫
USE db5;
-- 創(chuàng)建tbl_book表
CREATE TABLE tbl_book(
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, -- 圖書編號
    TYPE VARCHAR(100), -- 圖書類型
    NAME VARCHAR(100), -- 圖書名稱
    description VARCHAR(100) -- 圖書描述
);
-- 添加初始化數(shù)據(jù)
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型一','圖書名稱一','圖書描述一');
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型二','圖書名稱二','圖書描述二');
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型三','圖書名稱三','圖書描述三');
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型四','圖書名稱四','圖書描述四');
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型五','圖書名稱五','圖書描述五');
INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'圖書類型六','圖書名稱六','圖書描述六');

jdbc.properties屬性文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db5
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

JdbcConfig配置類

public class JdbcConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;
    //配置連接池
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
        dataSource.setUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUsername(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        return dataSource;
    }
    //Spring事務(wù)管理需要的平臺事務(wù)管理器對象
    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
        DataSourceTransactionManager ds = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
        ds.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return ds;
    }
}

MybatisConfig配置類

public class MyBatisConfig {
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource){
        SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        factoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.moming.domain");
        return factoryBean;
    }
    @Bean
    public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){
        MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
        msc.setBasePackage("com.moming.dao");
        return msc;
    }
}

SpringConfig配置類

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.moming.service"})
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
@Import({JdbcConfig.class,MyBatisConfig.class})
@EnableTransactionManagement //開啟Spring事務(wù)管理
public class SpringConfig {
}

Spring整合SpringMVC

SpringMvcConfig配置類

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.moming.controller")
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

ServletConfig配置類，加載SpringMvcConfig和SpringConfig配置類

public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
    }
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
    }
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
    //亂碼處理
    @Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        return new Filter[]{filter};
    }
}

功能模塊開發(fā)

數(shù)據(jù)層開發(fā)(BookDao)

Book實(shí)體類

@Data
public class Book {
    private Integer id;
    private String type;
    private String name;
    private String description;
}

BookDao接口

public interface BookDao {
    //@Insert("insert into tbl_book values(null,#{type},#{name},#{description})")
    @Insert("insert into tbl_book (type,name,description) values(#{type},#{name},#{description})")
    public int save(Book book);  //返回值表示影響的行數(shù)
    @Update("update tbl_book set type = #{type}, name = #{name}, description = #{description} where id = #{id}")
    public int update(Book book);
    @Delete("delete from tbl_book where id = #{id}")
    public int delete(Integer id);
    @Select("select * from tbl_book where id = #{id}")
    public Book getById(Integer id);
    @Select("select * from tbl_book")
    public List<Book> getAll();
}

業(yè)務(wù)層開發(fā)(BookService/BookServiceImpl)

BookService接口

@Transactional //表示所有方法進(jìn)行事務(wù)管理
public interface BookService {
    /**
     * 保存
     * @param book
     * @return
     */
    public boolean save(Book book);
    /**
     * 修改
     * @param book
     * @return
     */
    public boolean update(Book book);
    /**
     * 根據(jù)id刪除
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public boolean delete(Integer id);
    /**
     * 按id查詢
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public Book getById(Integer id);
    /**
     * 查詢?nèi)?
     * @return
     */
    public List<Book> getAll();
}

BookServiceImpl實(shí)現(xiàn)類

@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;
    public boolean save(Book book) {
        bookDao.save(book);
        return true;
    }
    public boolean update(Book book) {
        bookDao.update(book);
        return true;
    }
    public boolean delete(Integer id) {
        bookDao.delete(id);
        return true;
    }
    public Book getById(Integer id) {
        return bookDao.getById(id);
    }
    public List<Book> getAll() {
        return bookDao.getAll();
    }
}

表現(xiàn)層開發(fā)(BookController)

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;
    @PostMapping
    public boolean save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        return bookService.save(book);
    }
    @PutMapping
    public boolean update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        return bookService.update(book);
    }
    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        return bookService.delete(id);
    }
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Book getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        return bookService.getById(id);
    }
    @GetMapping
    public List<Book> getAll() {
        return bookService.getAll();
    }
}

接口測試

Spring整合Junit測試業(yè)務(wù)層方法

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)
public class BookServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;
    @Test
    public void testGetById(){
        Book book = bookService.getById(1);
        System.out.println(book);
    }
    @Test
    public void testGetAll(){
        List<Book> all = bookService.getAll();
        System.out.println(all);
    }
}

postman測試表現(xiàn)層接口

測試保存圖書

表現(xiàn)層數(shù)據(jù)封裝(前后端通信協(xié)議)

表現(xiàn)層響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)的問題

問題：我們表現(xiàn)層增刪改方法返回true或者false表示是否成功，getById()方法返回一個(gè)json對象，getAll()方法返回一個(gè)json對象數(shù)組，這里就出現(xiàn)了三種格式的響應(yīng)結(jié)果，極其不利于前端解析。

解決：我們需要統(tǒng)一響應(yīng)結(jié)果的格式

定義Result類封裝響應(yīng)結(jié)果

controller/Result類封裝響應(yīng)結(jié)果

@Data
public class Result {
    //描述統(tǒng)一格式中的數(shù)據(jù)
    private Object data;
    //描述統(tǒng)一格式中的編碼，用于區(qū)分操作，可以簡化配置0或1表示成功失敗
    private Integer code;
    //描述統(tǒng)一格式中的消息，可選屬性
    private String msg;
    public Result() {
    }
    public Result(Integer code,Object data) {
        this.data = data;
        this.code = code;
    }
    public Result(Integer code, Object data, String msg) {
        this.data = data;
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }
}

注意事項(xiàng)：Result類中的字段并不是固定的，可以根據(jù)需要自行增減

controller/Code類封裝響應(yīng)碼

//狀態(tài)碼
public class Code {
    public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
    public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 20021;
    public static final Integer UPDATE_OK = 20031;
    public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
    public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
    public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 20020;
    public static final Integer UPDATE_ERR = 20030;
    public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;
}

注意事項(xiàng)：Code類的常量設(shè)計(jì)也不是固定的，可以根據(jù)需要自行增減，例如將查詢再進(jìn)行細(xì)分為GET_OK，GET_ALL_OK，GET_PAGE_OK

表現(xiàn)層數(shù)據(jù)封裝返回Result對象

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;
    @PostMapping
    public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        boolean flag = bookService.save(book);
        return new Result(flag ? Code.SAVE_OK:Code.SAVE_ERR,flag);
    }
    @PutMapping
    public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        boolean flag = bookService.update(book);
        return new Result(flag ? Code.UPDATE_OK:Code.UPDATE_ERR,flag);
    }
    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        boolean flag = bookService.delete(id);
        return new Result(flag ? Code.DELETE_OK:Code.DELETE_ERR,flag);
    }
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        Book book = bookService.getById(id);
        Integer code = book != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
        String msg = book != null ? "" : "數(shù)據(jù)查詢失敗，請重試！";
        return new Result(code,book,msg);
    }
    @GetMapping
    public Result getAll() {
        List<Book> bookList = bookService.getAll();
        Integer code = bookList != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
        String msg = bookList != null ? "" : "數(shù)據(jù)查詢失敗，請重試！";
        return new Result(code,bookList,msg);
    }
}

Postman測試

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