Vue3實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)導(dǎo)入Excel表格數(shù)據(jù)的方法詳解

更新時(shí)間：2022年11月11日 14:16:58 作者：吳永福

在開發(fā)工作過程中，我們會(huì)遇到各種各樣的表格數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入可以減少人為操作，減少出錯(cuò)。本文為大家介紹了Vue3實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)導(dǎo)入Excel表格數(shù)據(jù)的方法，需要的可以參考一下

1. 前言

在開發(fā)工作過程中，我們會(huì)遇到各種各樣的表格數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，大部分我們的解決方案：提供一個(gè)模板前端進(jìn)行下載，然后按照這個(gè)模板要求進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)填充，最后上傳導(dǎo)入，這是其中一種解決方案。個(gè)人認(rèn)為還有另外一種解決方案，不一定會(huì)前面的方案好，方便，但是可以減少人為操作，減少出錯(cuò)，更為通用，就是進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，前端進(jìn)行自定義導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)，配置數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，最后提交導(dǎo)入結(jié)果。

2. 如何實(shí)現(xiàn)

2.1使用技術(shù)

后臺(tái)使用.Net6.0,前端使用Vue3

2.2實(shí)現(xiàn)思路

前端通過Excel表格數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，導(dǎo)入后客戶可以進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)編輯（未實(shí)現(xiàn)）客戶數(shù)據(jù)確認(rèn)后進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)回寫主頁(yè)面
設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，也就是后臺(tái)所需數(shù)據(jù)格式和前臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)格式進(jìn)行綁定
數(shù)據(jù)校驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)提交

2.3具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方案

2.3.1導(dǎo)入Excel數(shù)據(jù)

創(chuàng)建列表頁(yè)面，頁(yè)面主要布局如下

Table需要綁定的列是未知的,所以el-table綁定的el-table-column是需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)進(jìn)行加載，動(dòng)態(tài)定義表格以及變量

<el-table :data="state.tableData.data">
  <el-table-column
      v-for="item in state.colunm"
      :prop="item.key"
      :key="item.key"
      :label="item.lable"
  >
  </el-table-column>
</el-table>

const state = reactive({
colunm: [{key: "", lable: ""}],
});

點(diǎn)擊導(dǎo)入報(bào)名數(shù)據(jù)，彈出上傳數(shù)據(jù)頁(yè)面

這一塊的功能在之前的一篇文章有寫過：.Net6.0+Vue3實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)簡(jiǎn)易導(dǎo)入功能全過程

子組件的核心代碼

頁(yè)面布局：

<template>
  <el-dialog :close-on-click-modal="false" v-model="state.dialogVisible" :title="title" width="70%" >
    <el-upload
        class="upload-demo"
        :auto-upload="false"
        :on-change="uploadChange"  style="text-align: left;"  >
      <el-button type="primary">上傳文件</el-button>
    </el-upload>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button @click='submit'>確認(rèn)導(dǎo)入</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    <el-table :data="state.tableData.data" max-height="500px">
      <el-table-column v-for="item in state.colunm" :prop="item.key" :key="item.key" :label="item.lable">
      </el-table-column>
    </el-table>
    <div class='block flex justify-end' v-if='state.tableData.total > 0'>
      <el-pagination v-model:currentPage="state.searchInput.PageIndex" v-model:page-size="state.searchInput.PageSize"
        :page-sizes="[10, 50, 200, 1000]" layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper" @size-change="getData"
        @current-change="getData" :total="state.tableData.total" />
    </div>
  </el-dialog>
</template>

變量定義：

const state = reactive({
  tempTableData: [{}],//臨時(shí)存儲(chǔ)全部數(shù)據(jù)
  searchInput: { PageIndex: 1, PageSize: 10 },
  tableData: { data: [{}], total: 0 },//表格加載當(dāng)前頁(yè)面數(shù)據(jù)
  dialogVisible: false,
  colunm: [{ key: '', lable: '' }]
});

父頁(yè)面調(diào)用方法,進(jìn)行表格列頭加載，初始化表格數(shù)據(jù)：

const childMethod = (data) => {
  state.colunm = data;
  state.tableData.data = [];
  state.dialogVisible = true;
}

綁定表格方法,前端進(jìn)行分頁(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理:(這里可能會(huì)有性能問題，暫時(shí)沒有仔細(xì)探究)

const getData = () => {
  const tempData: any = [];
  state.tempTableData.forEach((value, index) => {
    if (index >= ((state.searchInput.PageIndex - 1) * state.searchInput.PageSize) && index < ((state.searchInput.PageIndex) * state.searchInput.PageSize)) {
      tempData.push(value);
    }
  });
  state.tableData.data = tempData;
  state.tableData.total = state.tempTableData.length;
}

提交數(shù)據(jù)回寫父組件方法

const submit = () => {
  console.log(state.tempTableData);
  context.emit('childClick', state.tempTableData,state.colunm)
}

上傳Excel讀取數(shù)據(jù)方法，主要?jiǎng)討B(tài)綁定列以及導(dǎo)入的數(shù)據(jù)

const uploadChange = async (file) => {
  let dataBinary = await readFile(file.raw)
  let workBook = XLSX.read(dataBinary, { type: 'binary', cellDates: true })
  let workSheet = workBook.Sheets[workBook.SheetNames[0]]
  let data: any = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(workSheet)

  let mycolunm={};
  Object.setPrototypeOf(mycolunm,data[0]);
  state.colunm=[];
  for(let key in mycolunm){
    state.colunm.push( { lable: key, key: key })
  }
  
  let tHeader = state.colunm.map(obj => obj.lable)
  let filterVal = state.colunm.map(obj => obj.key)
  tHeader.map(val => filterVal.map(obj => val[obj]))
  const tempData: any = [];
  data.forEach((value) => {
    const ob = {};
    tHeader.forEach((item, index) => {
      ob[filterVal[index]] = value[item].toString();
    })
    tempData.push(ob);
  })
  state.tempTableData = tempData;
  getData();
}

這里導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)后，會(huì)調(diào)用主組件方法(dataUploadchildClick)用于回寫主組件表格數(shù)據(jù),列頭等數(shù)據(jù)

const dataUploadchildClick = (data, colunm) => {
  state.colunm = colunm;
  state.tempData = data;
  getData();
  dataUpload.value.cancel();
};

2.3.2設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系

定義后臺(tái)需要的列

SelectData: [
  {key: 'zkzh', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)'},
  {key: 'zjlb', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '證件類別'},
  {key: 'zjhm', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '證件號(hào)碼'},
  {key: 'ksxm', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考生姓名'},
  {key: 'xb', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '性別'},
  {key: 'ss', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '省市'},
  {key: 'kq', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考區(qū)'},
  {key: 'kdh', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考點(diǎn)號(hào)'},
  {key: 'kdmc', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考點(diǎn)名稱'},
  {key: 'kch', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考場(chǎng)號(hào)'},
  {key: 'kchdz', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '考場(chǎng)地址'},
  {key: 'zwh', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '座位號(hào)'},
  {key: 'chc', type: '', value: '', selectValue: '', title: '場(chǎng)次'}
]

創(chuàng)建Select組件，組件核心代碼

頁(yè)面布局部分

<label style="width: 50px;display: inline-block;">{{ itemKey }}:</label>
<el-select v-model="state.type" :placeholder="name" size="large" clearable>
  <el-option
      v-for="item in state.options"
      :key="item.value"
      :label="item.label"
      :value="item.value"
  />
</el-select>
<el-input v-model="state.value" style="width: 200px;" :placeholder="name" size="large" v-if="state.type=='0'"/>
<el-select v-model="state.selectValue" style="width: 200px;" :placeholder="name" size="large" clearable
           v-if="state.type=='1'||state.type=='2'">
  <el-option
      v-for="item in state.ValueOptions"
      :key="item.key"
      :label="item.lable"
      :value="item.key"
  />
</el-select>

接受參數(shù)定義

props: {
  itemKey: String,
  name: String,
  type: String,
  value: String,
  selectValue: String,
  colunm: Object
},

頁(yè)面變量定義,這里定義的默認(rèn)option主要有三個(gè)

0 固定值，這一列為固定值，不從表格中讀取
1 下拉框，從導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)中選擇
2 自動(dòng)生成，這里主要是特殊業(yè)務(wù)，可以進(jìn)行自定義擴(kuò)展

const state = reactive({
  value: ref(''),
  type: ref(''),
  selectValue: ref([]),
  ValueOptions:[{}],
  options: [
    {
      value: '0',
      label: '固定值',
    },
    {
      value: '1',
      label: '下拉框',
    },
    {
      value: '2',
      label: '自動(dòng)生成',
    },
  ],
});

監(jiān)聽下拉框選擇類型：

watch(() => state.type, (newVal) => {
      context.emit('update:type', newVal);
    }
);

監(jiān)聽下拉框選擇固定，文本框輸入的值：

watch(() => state.value, (newVal) => {
  context.emit('update:value', newVal)
})

監(jiān)聽下拉框選擇下拉框，后面下拉框選擇的值：

watch(() => state.selectValue, (newVal) => {
  context.emit('update:selectValue', newVal)
})

監(jiān)聽表格的列，動(dòng)態(tài)加載下拉框綁定的值：

watch(() => props.colunm, (newVal: any) => {
  state.ValueOptions=newVal;
})

最終的效果:

父頁(yè)面進(jìn)行引用

<el-row :gutter="24" justify="start" style="text-align: left;">
          <div v-for="(item,index) in state.SelectData" :key='index' style="margin-top: 5px;width: 100%;">
            <el-col :span="24"><Select
                :itemKey="item.key"
                v-model:type="item.type"
                v-model:value="item.value"
                v-model:selectValue="item.selectValue"
                :name="item.title"
                :colunm="state.colunm"/></el-col>
          </div>
        </el-row>

2.3.3進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)提交

提交數(shù)據(jù)到后臺(tái)進(jìn)行處理，這里可以根據(jù)自己的業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，或則進(jìn)行其它擴(kuò)展

const Save = () => {
  if (state.tempData.length == 0) {
    state.active=1;
    ElMessage.warning('請(qǐng)導(dǎo)入考生數(shù)據(jù)');
    return;
  }
  let CheckSelectData = true;
  state.SelectData.forEach((value, index) => {
    if (!value.type) {
      CheckSelectData = false
    }
  });
  if (!CheckSelectData) {
    state.active=2;
    ElMessage.warning('請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)置完成數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系');
    return;
  }
  if (state.tableTimeData.data.length==0){
    state.active=3;
    ElMessage.warning('請(qǐng)?zhí)砑訄?chǎng)次數(shù)據(jù)');
    return;
  }
  if (!state.ExamData.jiancheng||!state.ExamData.kaikaonianyue||!state.ExamData.quancheng){
    state.active=4;
    ElMessage.warning('請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)置任務(wù)相關(guān)信息');
    return;
  }
  axios.post('/GenerateCheckTemplate', state)
      .then(function (response) {
        if (response.status == 200) {
          ElMessage.success(response.data);
          dataUpload.value.cancel();
          getData();
        } else {
          ElMessage.error(response.data)
        }
      })
}

后臺(tái)定義接口:/GenerateCheckTemplate

定義實(shí)體對(duì)前臺(tái)導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行接收：

public class GenerateCheckTemplate
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 考試任務(wù)對(duì)象
        /// </summary>
        public ExamData ExamData { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系對(duì)象
        /// </summary>
        public List<Correspondence> SelectData { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        public List<Dictionary<string, string>> tempData { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)列集合
        /// </summary>
        public List<Colunm> colunm { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 場(chǎng)次對(duì)象
        /// </summary>
        public tableTimeData tableTimeData { get; set; }
}

    /// <summary>
    /// 考試任務(wù)對(duì)象
    /// </summary>
    public class ExamData
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 簡(jiǎn)稱
        /// </summary>
        public string jiancheng { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 考試年月
        /// </summary>
        public string kaikaonianyue { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 簡(jiǎn)稱
        /// </summary>
        public string quancheng { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系對(duì)象
    /// </summary>
    public class Correspondence
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// key
        /// </summary>
        public string key { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 下拉選擇數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        public string selectValue { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 標(biāo)題
        /// </summary>
        public string title { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 類型 0 固定值 1下拉框選擇
        /// </summary>
        public string type { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 固定值數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        public string value { get; set; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 表格對(duì)象
    /// </summary>
    public class tableTimeData
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 提交表格數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        public List<ExamTime> data { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 總數(shù)
        /// </summary>
        public int total { get; set; }
    }

    public class ExamTime
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 場(chǎng)次編碼
        /// </summary>
        public int? ExamTimeCode { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 場(chǎng)次名稱
        /// </summary>

        public string ExamTimeName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 開始時(shí)間
        /// </summary>
        public string startTime { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 結(jié)束時(shí)間
        /// </summary>
        public string endTime { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否編輯狀態(tài)
        /// </summary>
        public bool Edit { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)列對(duì)象
    /// </summary>
    public class Colunm
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 鍵值
        /// </summary>
        public string key { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 值
        /// </summary>
        public string lable { get; set; }
    }

然后處理前端傳過來的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成需要的數(shù)據(jù)，這里type需要修改成枚舉類型,類型可以根據(jù)需求進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展

/// <summary>
        /// 處理前端傳過來的數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="companiesInput"></param>
        private void ProcessingData(GenerateCheckTemplate companiesInput, DataTable dataTable)
        {
            Dictionary<string, string> keyValuePairs = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            foreach (var data in companiesInput.tempData)
            {
                DataRow dataRow = dataTable.NewRow();

                foreach (Correspondence correspondence in companiesInput.SelectData)
                {
                    if (correspondence.type == "0")
                    {
                        dataRow[correspondence.key] = correspondence.value;
                    }
                    else if (correspondence.type == "1")
                    {
                        dataRow[correspondence.key] = data[correspondence.selectValue];
                    }
                    else if (correspondence.type == "2")
                    {
                        string value = data[correspondence.selectValue];
                        if (keyValuePairs.ContainsKey(value))
                        {
                            dataRow[correspondence.key] = keyValuePairs[value];
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            keyValuePairs.Add(value, (keyValuePairs.Count + 1).ToString().PadLeft(2, '0'));
                            dataRow[correspondence.key] = keyValuePairs[value];
                        }
                    }
                }

                dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
            }
        }

整體的功能到這里基本上實(shí)現(xiàn)了，具體的細(xì)節(jié)可能需要根據(jù)不同的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，有更多的方案可以一起進(jìn)行交流

附上源碼地址：https://gitee.com/wyf854861085/file-upload.git

到此這篇關(guān)于Vue3實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)導(dǎo)入Excel表格數(shù)據(jù)的方法詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Vue動(dòng)態(tài)導(dǎo)入Excel數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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