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java操作elasticsearch詳細(xì)方法總結(jié)

 更新時(shí)間：2022年12月20日 14:05:26   作者：逆風(fēng)飛翔的小叔  
elasticsearch是使用Java編寫的一種開源搜索引擎，也是一種分布式的搜索引擎架構(gòu),這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于java操作elasticsearch的相關(guān)資料,文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),需要的朋友可以參考下

一、前言

上一篇我們通過(guò)kibana的可視化界面，對(duì)es的索引以及文檔的常用操作做了畢竟詳細(xì)的總結(jié)，本篇將介紹如何使用java完成對(duì)es的操作，這也是實(shí)際開發(fā)中將要涉及到的。

二、java操作es的常用模式

目前，開發(fā)中使用java操作es，不管是框架集成，還是純粹的使用es的api，主要通過(guò)下面兩種方式：

  • rest-api，主流的像  RestHighLevelClient ;

  • 與springboot集成時(shí)的jpa操作，主要是 ElasticsearchRepository 相關(guān)的api；

上面兩種模式的api在開發(fā)中都可以方便的使用，相比之下，RestHighLevelClient相關(guān)的api靈活性更高，而ElasticsearchRepository 底層做了較多的封裝，學(xué)習(xí)和使用的成本更低，上手更快。

接下來(lái)將對(duì)上面的兩種操作模式做一個(gè)詳細(xì)的總結(jié)，本篇所述的es基于7.6.2版本，配合的kibana也為7.6.2版本。

三、rest-api 操作

1、前置準(zhǔn)備

導(dǎo)入依賴

導(dǎo)入核心依賴，主要是es的rest依賴，其他的可以根據(jù)自己的需要導(dǎo)入； 

<dependencies>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-jcl</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.9</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
 
 
    </dependencies>

es連接測(cè)試

為了確保后續(xù)的所有實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)軌蛘＿M(jìn)行，建議先通過(guò)下面的程序測(cè)試下是否能夠連接es服務(wù)；

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
 
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class EsClientTest {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("IP",9200,"http"))
        );
        System.out.println("success");
        esClient.close();
    }
 
}

運(yùn)行上面的代碼，出現(xiàn)下面的效果說(shuō)明連接成功

2、索引相關(guān)操作api的使用

為了減少連接相關(guān)的編碼，我們將es的client提出到全局的靜態(tài)變量中，其他方法中就可以直接引用了

    public static RestHighLevelClient esClient;
 
    static {
        esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("IP", 9200, "http"))
        );
    }

2.1  創(chuàng)建索引

    /**
     * 創(chuàng)建索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void createIndex() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest createIndexRequest = new CreateIndexRequest("user");
        CreateIndexResponse indexResponse = esClient.indices().create(createIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        boolean acknowledged = indexResponse.isAcknowledged();
        System.out.println("索引創(chuàng)建狀態(tài):" + acknowledged);
    }

main方法中調(diào)用方法即可

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("connect success");
        createIndex();
        esClient.close();
}

運(yùn)行main創(chuàng)建索引

通過(guò)kibana查詢確認(rèn)索引是否創(chuàng)建成功

2.2  獲取索引

/**
     * 索引信息查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void getIndex() throws IOException {
        GetIndexRequest getIndexRequest = new GetIndexRequest("user");
        GetIndexResponse getIndexResponse = esClient.indices().get(getIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getAliases());
        System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getMappings());
        System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getSettings());
    }

2.3  刪除索引

    /**
     * 刪除索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void deleteIndex() throws IOException {
        DeleteIndexRequest getIndexRequest = new DeleteIndexRequest("user");
        AcknowledgedResponse delete = esClient.indices().delete(getIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println("索引刪除狀態(tài):" + delete.isAcknowledged());
    }

3、文檔常用操作api的使用

在實(shí)際開發(fā)過(guò)程中，對(duì)于文檔的操作更為的頻繁，接下來(lái)演示與es文檔相關(guān)的操作api。

前置準(zhǔn)備

public static ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
 
    public static RestHighLevelClient esClient;
    static {
        esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("IP", 9200, "http"))
        );
    }

用于測(cè)試使用的對(duì)象

public class User {
 
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;
 
    private Integer salary;
 
    public User() {
    }
 
    public User(String name, String sex, Integer age, Integer salary) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
        this.salary = salary;
    }
 
    public Integer getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
 
    public void setSalary(Integer salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
 
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

3.1  索引添加文檔

注意：實(shí)際開發(fā)中，user對(duì)象應(yīng)該作為參數(shù)傳入【可以基于此做進(jìn)一步的封裝】

    /**
     * 添加數(shù)據(jù)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void add() throws Exception{
        IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest();
        indexRequest.index("user").id("1008");
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("孫二娘");
        user.setAge(23);
        user.setSex("女");
        user.setSalary(7000);
 
        String userData = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        indexRequest.source(userData,XContentType.JSON);
        //插入數(shù)據(jù)
        IndexResponse response = esClient.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.status());
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

在main方法調(diào)用執(zhí)行下該方法

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        add();
        esClient.close();
}

可以通過(guò)kibana查詢檢查下數(shù)據(jù)是否添加成功

3.2  修改文檔

    /**
     * 修改數(shù)據(jù)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void update() throws Exception{
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest();
        request.index("user").id("1008");
        request.doc(XContentType.JSON,"name","母夜叉");
        //插入數(shù)據(jù)
        UpdateResponse response = esClient.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

3.3  刪除文檔

    /**
     * 刪除
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void delete() throws Exception{
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest();
        request.index("user").id("1008");
        //插入數(shù)據(jù)
        DeleteResponse delete = esClient.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(delete.getResult());
    }

3.4  批量添加文檔

有些情況下，單條插入效率太低，可以使用es的批量插入功能一次性添加多條數(shù)據(jù)

    /**
     * 批量添加
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void batchInsert() throws Exception{
 
        BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
 
        User user1 = new User("關(guān)羽","男",33,5500);
        String userData1 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user1);
        IndexRequest indexRequest1 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1002").source(userData1, XContentType.JSON);
 
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest1);
 
        User user2 = new User("黃忠","男",50,8000);
        String userData2 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user2);
        IndexRequest indexRequest2 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1003").source(userData2, XContentType.JSON);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest2);
 
        User user3 = new User("黃忠2","男",49,10000);
        String userData3 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user3);
        IndexRequest indexRequest3 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1004").source(userData3, XContentType.JSON);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest3);
 
        User user4 = new User("趙云","男",33,12000);
        String userData4 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user4);
        IndexRequest indexRequest4 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1005").source(userData4, XContentType.JSON);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest4);
 
        User user5 = new User("馬超","男",38,20000);
        String userData5 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user5);
        IndexRequest indexRequest5 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1006").source(userData5, XContentType.JSON);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest5);
 
        User user6 = new User("關(guān)羽","男",41,27000);
        String userData6 = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user6);
        IndexRequest indexRequest6 = new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1007").source(userData6, XContentType.JSON);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest6);
 
        BulkResponse bulkResponse = esClient.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(bulkResponse.status());
        System.out.println(bulkResponse.getItems());
    }

3.5  批量刪除

可以通過(guò)批量操作一次性刪除多條數(shù)據(jù)

    /**
     * 批量刪除
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void batchDelete() throws Exception{
        BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
        DeleteRequest indexRequest1 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1002");
        DeleteRequest indexRequest2 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1003");
        DeleteRequest indexRequest3 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1004");
        DeleteRequest indexRequest4 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1005");
        DeleteRequest indexRequest5 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1006");
        DeleteRequest indexRequest6 = new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1007");
 
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest1);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest2);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest3);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest4);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest5);
        bulkRequest.add(indexRequest6);
 
        BulkResponse bulkResponse = esClient.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(bulkResponse.status());
        System.out.println(bulkResponse.getItems());
    }

 4、文檔搜索相關(guān)api的使用

我們知道es最強(qiáng)大的功能就是文檔檢索了，接下來(lái)演示下與es文檔查詢相關(guān)的常用API的操作；

4.1  查詢某個(gè)索引下的所有數(shù)據(jù)

    /**
     * 查詢某個(gè)索引下的所有數(shù)據(jù)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void searchIndexAll() throws Exception{
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
        request.indices("user");
        // 索引中的全部數(shù)據(jù)查詢
        SearchSourceBuilder query = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        request.source(query);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }
    }

執(zhí)行一下對(duì)該方法的調(diào)用

這個(gè)效果和在kibana中下面的操作效果是一樣的

4.2  批量查詢多條數(shù)據(jù)

針對(duì)那種需要一次性查出多條數(shù)據(jù)的場(chǎng)景可以考慮使用

        MultiGetRequest multiGetRequest = new MultiGetRequest();
        multiGetRequest.add("user", "1002");
        multiGetRequest.add("user", "1003");
        MultiGetResponse responses = esClient
                .mget(multiGetRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 
        Iterator<MultiGetItemResponse> iterator = responses.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            MultiGetItemResponse next = iterator.next();
            System.out.println(next.getResponse().getSourceAsString());
        }

4.3  根據(jù)條件精準(zhǔn)查詢

根據(jù)性別查詢，有點(diǎn)類似于mysql 中的 where sex='女' 這樣的效果

        TermQueryBuilder ageQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("sex", "女");
        SearchSourceBuilder query = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(ageQueryBuilder);
        request.source(query);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.4  分頁(yè)查詢

考察from + size的使用

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new                         
        SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        sourceBuilder.from(0).size(3);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.5  查詢結(jié)果按照某個(gè)字段進(jìn)行排序

將查詢結(jié)果按照age進(jìn)行排序

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new     
        SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        sourceBuilder.sort("age",SortOrder.ASC);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.6  查詢結(jié)果過(guò)濾某些字段

類似于mysql中只查詢某個(gè)表的部分字段

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new         
        SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        String[] includes = {"name","sex"};
        String[] excludes = {"age"};
        sourceBuilder.fetchSource(includes,excludes);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.7  多條件查詢

es可以像mysql那樣組合多個(gè)條件進(jìn)行查詢，考察對(duì)BoolQuery的使用，如下：查詢性別為難男，年齡在35到45之間的用戶；

        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("sex","男"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lt(45).gt(35));
        sourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.8  范圍查詢

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder =     
        QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte(35).lte(45);
        sourceBuilder.query(rangeQueryBuilder);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.9  模糊查詢

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        FuzzyQueryBuilder fuzzyQueryBuilder =
                QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery("name", "黃忠")
                        .fuzziness(Fuzziness.ONE);
        sourceBuilder.query(fuzzyQueryBuilder);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.10   高亮查詢

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        TermQueryBuilder ageQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("age", 33);
        HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
        highlightBuilder.preTags("<font color='red'>");
        highlightBuilder.postTags("</font>");
        highlightBuilder.field("name");
        sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
        sourceBuilder.query(ageQueryBuilder);
        request.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.11  多字段查詢multi_match

這個(gè)用法表示從多個(gè)字段中匹配某個(gè)關(guān)鍵字

        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        MultiMatchQueryBuilder multiMatchQuery = QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("黃忠","name", "sex");
        multiMatchQuery.operator(Operator.OR);
        builder.query(multiMatchQuery);
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.12  聚合查詢

        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        AggregationBuilder aggregationBuilder = AggregationBuilders.max("maxAge").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregationBuilder);
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

4.13  分組查詢

        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        AggregationBuilder aggregationBuilder = AggregationBuilders.terms("ageGroup").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregationBuilder);
        request.source(builder);
 
        SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getHits());
        System.out.println(response.getHits().getTotalHits());
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits){
            System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString());
        }

四、與springboot 整合

es提供了與spring，springboot快速整合的第三方SDK，接下來(lái)以spring-data為例進(jìn)行說(shuō)明；

spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch 與spring其他相關(guān)的jpa方式使用類似，封裝了豐富的API接口，客戶只需要繼承其提供的接口，就能方便的使用內(nèi)置的API

前置準(zhǔn)備

本地創(chuàng)建一個(gè)maven工程

1、導(dǎo)入核心依賴

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
 
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、核心配置文件

# es 服務(wù)地址
elasticsearch.host=IP
# es 服務(wù)端口
elasticsearch.port=9200
# 配置日志級(jí)別,開啟 debug 日志
logging.level.com.congge=debug

整合過(guò)程

1、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)實(shí)體類

該實(shí)體類屬于連接es文檔與客戶端的一個(gè)中間轉(zhuǎn)換層，使用過(guò)jpa或者mybatis-plus的同學(xué)對(duì)這個(gè)應(yīng)該不陌生；

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
 
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Document(indexName = "shopping", shards = 3, replicas = 1)
public class Product {
    //必須有 id,這里的 id 是全局唯一的標(biāo)識(shí)，等同于 es 中的"_id"
    @Id
    private Long id;//商品唯一標(biāo)識(shí)
 
    /**
     * type : 字段數(shù)據(jù)類型
     * analyzer : 分詞器類型
     * index : 是否索引(默認(rèn):true)
     * Keyword : 短語(yǔ),不進(jìn)行分詞
     */
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    private String title;//商品名稱
 
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
    private String category;//分類名稱
 
    @Field(type = FieldType.Double)
    private Double price;//商品價(jià)格
 
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword, index = false)
    private String images;//圖片地址
}

2、提供一個(gè)接口，繼承ElasticsearchRepository

import com.congge.entity.Product;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
 
@Repository
public interface ProductDao extends ElasticsearchRepository<Product, Long>{
 
}

3、核心配置類

import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClientBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
//import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration;
 
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "elasticsearch")
@Configuration
@Data
public class EsConfig extends com.congge.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
 
    private String host ;
    private Integer port ;
 
    //重寫父類方法
    @Override
    public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
        RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost(host, port));
        RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new
                RestHighLevelClient(builder);
        return restHighLevelClient;
    }
}
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.ElasticsearchConfigurationSupport;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchOperations;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.convert.ElasticsearchConverter;
 
public abstract class AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration extends ElasticsearchConfigurationSupport {
 
    //需重寫本方法
    public abstract RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient();
 
    @Bean(name = { "elasticsearchOperations", "elasticsearchTemplate" })
    public ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchOperations(ElasticsearchConverter elasticsearchConverter) {
        return new ElasticsearchRestTemplate(elasticsearchClient(), elasticsearchConverter);
    }
}

模擬測(cè)試

接下來(lái)通過(guò)junit的方式進(jìn)行測(cè)試

1、索引相關(guān)的操作測(cè)試

import com.congge.entity.Product;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class EsIndexTest {
 
    //注入 ElasticsearchRestTemplate
    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
 
    //創(chuàng)建索引并增加映射配置
    @Test
    public void createIndex(){
        //創(chuàng)建索引，系統(tǒng)初始化會(huì)自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建索引
        System.out.println("創(chuàng)建索引");
    }
 
    @Test
    public void deleteIndex(){
        //創(chuàng)建索引，系統(tǒng)初始化會(huì)自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建索引
        boolean flg = elasticsearchRestTemplate.deleteIndex(Product.class);
        System.out.println("刪除索引 = " + flg);
    }
 
}

基于spring-data的方式，在工程啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候，會(huì)自動(dòng)讀取實(shí)體類相關(guān)的注解，自動(dòng)完成索引的創(chuàng)建，運(yùn)行下創(chuàng)建索引的測(cè)試方法；

然后去到kibana上面確認(rèn)下是否創(chuàng)建成功；

2、文檔相關(guān)的操作測(cè)試

該測(cè)試類中列舉了常用的增刪改查操作

import com.congge.dao.ProductDao;
import com.congge.entity.Product;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermQueryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class EsDocTest {
 
 
    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;
 
    /**
     * 新增
     */
    @Test
    public void save() {
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        product.setTitle("ipad mini");
        product.setCategory("ipad");
        product.setPrice(1998.0);
        product.setImages("http://ipad.jpg");
        productDao.save(product);
    }
 
 
    //修改
    @Test
    public void update(){
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        product.setTitle("iphone");
        product.setCategory("mobile");
        product.setPrice(6999.0);
        product.setImages("http://www.phone.jpg");
        productDao.save(product);
    }
 
    //根據(jù) id 查詢
    @Test
    public void findById(){
        Product product = productDao.findById(2L).get();
        System.out.println(product);
    }
 
    //查詢所有
    @Test
    public void findAll(){
        Iterable<Product> products = productDao.findAll();
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }
 
    //刪除
    @Test
    public void delete(){
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        productDao.delete(product);
    }
 
    //批量新增
    @Test
    public void saveAll(){
        List<Product> productList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Product product = new Product();
            product.setId(Long.valueOf(i));
            product.setTitle("iphone" + i);
            product.setCategory("mobile");
            product.setPrice(5999.0 + i);
            product.setImages("http://www.phone.jpg");
            productList.add(product);
        }
        productDao.saveAll(productList);
    }
 
    //分頁(yè)查詢
    @Test
    public void findByPageable(){
        //設(shè)置排序(排序方式，正序還是倒序，排序的 id)
        Sort sort = Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id");
        int currentPage=0;//當(dāng)前頁(yè)，第一頁(yè)從 0 開始， 1 表示第二頁(yè)
        int pageSize = 5;//每頁(yè)顯示多少條
        //設(shè)置查詢分頁(yè)
        PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize,sort);
        //分頁(yè)查詢
        Page<Product> productPage = productDao.findAll(pageRequest);
        for (Product Product : productPage.getContent()) {
            System.out.println(Product);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * term 查詢
     * search(termQueryBuilder) 調(diào)用搜索方法，參數(shù)查詢構(gòu)建器對(duì)象
     */
    @Test
    public void termQuery(){
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "iphone");
        Iterable<Product> products = productDao.search(termQueryBuilder);
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * term 查詢加分頁(yè)
     */
    @Test
    public void termQueryByPage(){
        int currentPage= 0 ;
        int pageSize = 5;
        //設(shè)置查詢分頁(yè)
        PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize);
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "phone");
        Iterable<Product> products =
                productDao.search(termQueryBuilder,pageRequest);
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }
 
}

測(cè)試其中批量新增的方法

更多豐富的API接口的使用有興趣的同學(xué)可以基于此繼續(xù)深入的研究學(xué)習(xí)。

總結(jié)

到此這篇關(guān)于java操作elasticsearch詳細(xì)方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)java操作elasticsearch內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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