Android自定義View實(shí)現(xiàn)LayoutParams的方法詳解

更新時(shí)間：2023年02月02日 10:36:36 作者：dora

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了Android自定義View實(shí)現(xiàn)LayoutParams，文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì)，感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

第一層理解

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
</RelativeLayout>

layout_width和layout_height這個(gè)是不是最開始學(xué)的時(shí)候，就要搞清楚的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，match_parent代表填充屏幕，wrap_content代表包裹內(nèi)容。這些其實(shí)是系統(tǒng)控件定義的屬性，通過TypedArray進(jìn)行解析。

第二層理解

val lp = RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_VERTICAL)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, viewId)
lp.setMargins(10, 20, 10, 20)

使用代碼動(dòng)態(tài)布局的時(shí)候設(shè)置LayoutParams。

第三層理解

好了，知識(shí)是在不斷打破舊的認(rèn)識(shí)中進(jìn)步的，第一層實(shí)際還沒到LayoutParams，還只是AttributeSet。系統(tǒng)何時(shí)將布局中的AttributeSet解析成LayoutParams的呢？

@Override
public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
    return new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
}

protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
    return new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
}

ViewGroup有個(gè)關(guān)鍵的方法，generateLayoutParams()。

public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {
    super(c, attrs);

    TypedArray a = c.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,
            com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout);

    final int targetSdkVersion = c.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
    mIsRtlCompatibilityMode = (targetSdkVersion < JELLY_BEAN_MR1 ||
            !c.getApplicationInfo().hasRtlSupport());

    final int[] rules = mRules;
    //noinspection MismatchedReadAndWriteOfArray
    final int[] initialRules = mInitialRules;

    final int N = a.getIndexCount();
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        int attr = a.getIndex(i);
        switch (attr) {
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignWithParentIfMissing:
                alignWithParent = a.getBoolean(attr, false);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toLeftOf:
                rules[LEFT_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toRightOf:
                rules[RIGHT_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_above:
                rules[ABOVE] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_below:
                rules[BELOW] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignBaseline:
                rules[ALIGN_BASELINE] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignLeft:
                rules[ALIGN_LEFT] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignTop:
                rules[ALIGN_TOP] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignRight:
                rules[ALIGN_RIGHT] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignBottom:
                rules[ALIGN_BOTTOM] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentLeft:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_LEFT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentTop:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_TOP] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentRight:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentBottom:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_BOTTOM] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerInParent:
                rules[CENTER_IN_PARENT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerHorizontal:
                rules[CENTER_HORIZONTAL] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerVertical:
                rules[CENTER_VERTICAL] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
               break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toStartOf:
                rules[START_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toEndOf:
                rules[END_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignStart:
                rules[ALIGN_START] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignEnd:
                rules[ALIGN_END] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentStart:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_START] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
            case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentEnd:
                rules[ALIGN_PARENT_END] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
                break;
        }
    }
    mRulesChanged = true;
    System.arraycopy(rules, LEFT_OF, initialRules, LEFT_OF, VERB_COUNT);

    a.recycle();
}

這個(gè)代碼熟悉吧，這就是我們之前講過的自定義屬性??！沒錯(cuò)，xml布局中的屬性會(huì)先被解析成LayoutParams。那么我問你個(gè)問題，你覺得generateLayoutParams()和generateDefaultLayoutParams()的這個(gè)LayoutParams是給自己用的呢？還是給它的子控件用的呢？它是給子控件用的。自己的那個(gè)直接在構(gòu)造方法中就從AttributeSet解析出來了。這樣你就理解了，為什么RelativeLayout的那些個(gè)

android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"

怎么全部定義在子控件里面了。然后ViewGroup的addView()方法中就可以帶上這個(gè)LayoutParams了。

/**
 * Adds a child view. If no layout parameters are already set on the child, the
 * default parameters for this ViewGroup are set on the child.
 *
 * <p><strong>Note:</strong> do not invoke this method from
 * {@link #draw(android.graphics.Canvas)}, {@link #onDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)},
 * {@link #dispatchDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)} or any related method.</p>
 *
 * @param child the child view to add
 * @param index the position at which to add the child
 *
 * @see #generateDefaultLayoutParams()
 */
public void addView(View child, int index) {
    if (child == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add a null child view to a ViewGroup");
    }
    LayoutParams params = child.getLayoutParams();
    if (params == null) {
        params = generateDefaultLayoutParams();
        if (params == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "generateDefaultLayoutParams() cannot return null  ");
        }
    }
    addView(child, index, params);
}

你不重寫generateLayoutParams()方法，怎么在添加子控件的時(shí)候，讓子控件用你的LayoutParams呢？

public static class LayoutParams extends ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams {
}

以上是LinearLayout.LayoutParams的摘要，我們自定義ViewGroup的時(shí)候，是不是也可以繼承個(gè)ViewGroup的LayoutParams玩一玩呢？然后重寫generateLayoutParams()和generateDefaultLayoutParams()方法。

@Override
public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
    return new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
}

這里return你的ViewGroup的LayoutParams，然后在你的ViewGroup的LayoutParams的構(gòu)造方法中就可以解析自定義屬性attrs了。如果忘記了解析方式，我給你個(gè)提示，使用context的obtainStyledAttributes()方法。

大部分停留在第二層理解，你如果學(xué)會(huì)了第三層，那么你自定義View又可以玩出新的高度了。

到此這篇關(guān)于Android自定義View實(shí)現(xiàn)LayoutParams的方法詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Android LayoutParams內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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