基于WPF實現(xiàn)經(jīng)典紙牌游戲

更新時間：2023年02月27日 08:54:21 作者：微小冷

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了如何溧陽WPF實現(xiàn)經(jīng)典紙牌游戲，文中的示例代碼講解詳細，對我們學(xué)習(xí)WPF有一定的幫助，需要的可以參考一下

1 紙牌類

之所以產(chǎn)生這個無聊至極的念頭，是因為發(fā)現(xiàn)Unicode中竟然有這種字符。。。

這就意味著不用任何資源就可以實現(xiàn)一些紙牌游戲，效果如下圖所示

#region 常量
private static readonly Dictionary<string, string[]> CardNames = new Dictionary<string, string[]>{
{"Spade", new string[13]{"??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??","??" } },
{"Heart", new string[13]{"??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??" } },
{"Diamond", new string[13]{"??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??" } },
{"Club" , new string[13]{"??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??", "??"}}
};
#endregion

#region 卡牌類型
private class Card
{
	public Card(string name, int number, string type, bool red, int index)
	{
		Name =name;
		Number = number;
		Type = type;
		Red = red;
		Index = index;
	}

	public int Index;
	public string Name;
	public int Number;
	public bool Red;
	public string Type;
	public int Region;
}
#endregion

在實現(xiàn)了紙牌類之后，將每個紙牌放到一個Button的Tag中，然后再為Button添加各種事件，就能實現(xiàn)這個游戲了。

2 布局

由于是動態(tài)布局，所以建議使用Canvas，xaml界面十分簡潔，除了一個刷新按鈕，剩下的就只有畫布了。

    <StackPanel>
        <ToolBar DockPanel.Dock="Top" Margin="0 0 0 20">
            <Button Content="??" Click="btnUpdate_Click"/>
        </ToolBar>
        <Canvas x:Name="cvMain" Height="400"/>

    </StackPanel>

經(jīng)典紙牌游戲大致可以分為12個區(qū)域，如圖所示

這些個區(qū)域就可決定紙牌的位置，所以需要一個用來存放區(qū)間信息的變量

private List<int>[] cardIndex;

cardIndex是由12個List<int>組成的數(shù)組，然后每個Button的位置用下面的方式來設(shè)定

private void setBtnPosition(Button btn, int region)
{
    Canvas.SetLeft(btn, region % 6 * dw);
    Canvas.SetTop(btn, region / 6 * dh);
    Canvas.SetZIndex(btn, cardIndex[region].Count);
}

其中，SetLeft即控件據(jù)Canvas左端的距離，可以理解為x坐標；dw，dh為全局變量，用來存放每個區(qū)間的尺寸。SetTop對應(yīng)的為y坐標。SetZIndex表示層級關(guān)系，值越大則越在上面。

3 初始化

初始化需要一個隨機數(shù)組，目的是將牌打散。這里用了一個非常Low的方案，即生成隨機數(shù)，然后交換自然序列中兩個隨機數(shù)所在位置的值。

private int[] RandomArray(int length)
{
    int[] arr = new int[length];
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
        arr[i] = i;
    int times = rand.Next(10, 100);
    for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
    {
        int a = rand.Next(0, length - 1);
        int b = rand.Next(0, length - 1);
        var temp = arr[a];
        arr[a] = arr[b];
        arr[b] = temp;
    }
    return arr;
}

接下來就是初始化代碼，這里按照平時發(fā)牌的順序，先生成這個區(qū)域的紙牌

然后再生成牌堆。

public void InitCards()
{
    cvMain.Children.Clear();
    cards = new List<Card>();
    cardIndex = new List<int>[12];          //所有的撲克被劃分為12個區(qū)域
    for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        cardIndex[i] = new List<int>();

    int index = 0;
    foreach (var key in CardNames.Keys)
        for (int i = 0; i < 13; i++)
            cards.Add(new Card(CardNames[key][i], i, key,
                key == "Heart" || key == "Diamond", index++));
    
    var orders = RandomArray(52);

    index = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        for (int j = i; j < 6; j++)
        {
            var card = cards[orders[index++]];
            cardIndex[6 + j].Add(cvMain.Children.Count);
            var btn = setOneButton(card);
            if (i == j)
            {
                coverCard(btn, false);      //當(dāng)i==j時翻面
                SetOneColumn(i);
            }
            card.Region = 6 + j;
            setBtnPosition(btn, card.Region);
        }

    while (index<52)
    {
        var card = cards[orders[index++]];
        cardIndex[0].Add(cvMain.Children.Count);
        var btn = setOneButton(card);
        card.Region = 0;
        setBtnPosition(btn, 0);
        btn.Click += Card_Click;
    }
}

其中，SetOneColumn用于下面牌的上下排序，定義為

private void SetOneColumn(int region)
{
    var count = cardIndex[region].Count;
    var left = (region - 6) * dw;
    var top0 = dh;
    int i = 0;
    var ddh = (0.8 + 2.5 * count / 15) * dh / count;
    foreach (var index in cardIndex[region])
    {
        var btn = cvMain.Children[index];
        Canvas.SetLeft(btn, left);
        Canvas.SetTop(btn, top0 + ddh * (i++));
        Canvas.SetZIndex(btn, i);
    }
}

4 事件

針對紙牌游戲來說，鼠標事件可分為兩類，一是點擊牌堆需要發(fā)牌；二是拖動其他位置的牌。

點擊牌堆

點擊牌堆需要注意，當(dāng)牌堆中的牌沒有了之后，需要將1區(qū)的牌還給牌堆。

private void Card_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    var btn = sender as Button;
    var card = btn.Tag as Card;
    if (card.Region > 0)
        return;

    var count = cardIndex[0].Count;
    var num = Math.Min(count, numCard);
    for (int _ = 0; _ < num; _++)
    {
        var index = cardIndex[0][count - num];      //canvas中的順序
        cardIndex[0].Remove(index);
        cardIndex[1].Add(index);

        btn = cvMain.Children[index] as Button;
        btn.Click -= Card_Click;
        btn.PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown += Card_PreviewLeftDown;
        coverCard(btn, false);
        setBtnPosition(btn, 1);
        card = btn.Tag as Card;
        card.Region = 1;
    }

    if (cardIndex[0].Count > 0 || cardIndex[1].Count <= numCard)
        return;

    foreach (var index in cardIndex[1])
    {
        cardIndex[0].Add(index);
        btn = cvMain.Children[index] as Button;
        btn.Click += Card_Click;
        btn.PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown -= Card_PreviewLeftDown;
        coverCard(btn, true);
        setBtnPosition(btn, 0);
        card = btn.Tag as Card;
        card.Region = 0;
    }
    cardIndex[1] = new List<int>();
}

拖動

拖動主要包含三個動作，即鼠標按下、鼠標挪動、鼠標彈開，所以對應(yīng)三個函數(shù)，且當(dāng)鼠標按下之后，才掛載鼠標挪動的事件。而鼠標彈起之后，則判斷我們拖動的牌的最終位置。

private void Card_PreviewLeftDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
    btnNow = sender as Button;
    if (btnNow.Content.ToString() == bgCard)
        return;
    var card = btnNow.Tag as Card;
    regionNow = cardIndex[card.Region];
    indexNow = regionNow.IndexOf(
        cvMain.Children.IndexOf(btnNow));

    var count = regionNow.Count;
    offsets = new List<Point>();
    for (int i = indexNow; i < count; i++)
    {
        var btn = cvMain.Children[regionNow[i]] as Button;
        offsets.Add(Mouse.GetPosition(btn));
        Canvas.SetZIndex(btnNow, 100 + i);
    }

    btnNow.PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp += Card_PreviewLeftUp;
    btnNow.PreviewMouseMove += Card_PreviewMouseMove;
}

private void Card_PreviewMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
    var p = Mouse.GetPosition(cvMain);
    for (int i = indexNow; i < regionNow.Count; i++)
    {
        var btn = cvMain.Children[regionNow[i]] as Button;
        Canvas.SetLeft(btn, p.X - offsets[i - indexNow].X);
        Canvas.SetTop(btn, p.Y - offsets[i - indexNow].Y);
    }
}

private void Card_PreviewLeftUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{

    btnNow.PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp -= Card_PreviewLeftUp;
    btnNow.PreviewMouseMove -= Card_PreviewMouseMove;

    var p = Mouse.GetPosition(cvMain);
    int region = (int)(p.X / dw) + (p.Y > dh ? 6 : 0);
    var index = cardIndex[region].Count - 1;        //目標區(qū)域最上面的牌的序號
    var card = btnNow.Tag as Card;
    int srcRegion = card.Region;

    //牌在挪動之后有兩種可能，一種是成功了，另一種是失敗了
    bool suc = region != srcRegion;     //如果挪動的區(qū)域相同，則必失敗
    bool subSuc;
    suc &= region > 1;              //如果向牌堆挪動，則必失敗。
    if (index < 0)
    {//A和K的情況滿足任何一種即可成功
        subSuc = region > 1 && region < 6 && card.Number == 0;
        subSuc |= region > 5 && card.Number == 12;
    }
    else
    {
        var tarBtn = cvMain.Children[cardIndex[region][index]] as Button;
        var tarCard = tarBtn.Tag as Card;
        var flag = tarCard.Type == card.Type;
        var minus = card.Number - tarCard.Number;
        subSuc = region > 1 && region < 6 && flag && (minus == 1);
        subSuc |= region > 5 && (!flag) && (minus == -1);
    }
    reGroup(suc & subSuc, card, srcRegion, region);
}

牌的去留

通過reGroup函數(shù)決定牌最終的狀態(tài)。

private void reGroup(bool suc, Card card, int srcRegion, int tarRegion)
{
    if (suc)
    {
        if (tarRegion > 5)
            setNewRegion(srcRegion, tarRegion);
        else
            setNewRegion(btnNow, card, srcRegion, tarRegion);
    }
    if (srcRegion < 6)
        setBtnPosition(btnNow, srcRegion);
    else
    {
        SetOneColumn(srcRegion);
        var i = regionNow.Count;
        if (i > 0)
        {
            var btn = cvMain.Children[regionNow[i - 1]] as Button;
            coverCard(btn, false);
        }
    }

}
private void setNewRegion(Button btn, Card card, int src, int tar)
{
    int i = cardIndex[src].Count - 1;
    cardIndex[tar].Add(cardIndex[src][i]);
    cardIndex[src].RemoveAt(i);
    card.Region = tar;
    setBtnPosition(btn, tar);
}

//src和tar均為大區(qū)
private void setNewRegion(int src, int tar)
{
    var count = regionNow.Count;
    for (int i = indexNow; i < count; i++)
    {
        var btn = cvMain.Children[regionNow[indexNow]] as Button;
        cardIndex[tar].Add(regionNow[indexNow]);
        regionNow.RemoveAt(indexNow);
        var card = btn.Tag as Card;
        card.Region = tar;
        Canvas.SetZIndex(btn, cardIndex[tar].Count);
    }
    SetOneColumn(tar);
    if (regionNow.Count > 0)
    {
        var btn = cvMain.Children[regionNow[indexNow - 1]] as Button;
        coverCard(btn, false);
    }

}

到此這篇關(guān)于基于WPF實現(xiàn)經(jīng)典紙牌游戲的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)WPF紙牌游戲內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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