圖文講解OpenStack手動分布式部署環(huán)境準備(Queens版)
OpenStack簡介
OpenStack是由美國國家航空航天局NASA)與Rackspace公司合作研發(fā)并發(fā)起的,以Apache許可證授權的自由軟件和開放源代碼的云計算技術解決方案,其是一個項目也是一個軟件,主要用于實現(xiàn)云項目,以云項目操作系統(tǒng)而存在。作用: 用于部署公有云、私有云,并實現(xiàn)對云項目管理。開發(fā)語言: Python
1、基礎環(huán)境準備(所有節(jié)點執(zhí)行)
1.1關閉防火墻
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
1.2關閉selinux
setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
1.3修改主機名
#注意改成每個節(jié)點的名字 hostnamectl set-hostname 節(jié)點名字
1.4安裝ntp時間服務器
【在控制節(jié)點】
yum install chrony
vi /etc/chrony.conf
systemctl enable chronyd.service && systemctl start chronyd.service
【在其他節(jié)點】
yum install chrony
server controller iburst
systemctl enable chronyd.service && systemctl start chronyd.service
1.5修改域名解析
vi /etc/hosts
172.16.21.37 controller 172.16.21.38 compute 172.16.21.39 cinder
1.6添加yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install centos-release-openstack-queens -y
1.7更新軟件包
yum upgrade
1.8安裝openstack client端
yum install python-openstackclient -y
1.9安裝openstack-selinux
yum install openstack-selinux -y
2、數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝配置(controller節(jié)點執(zhí)行)
2.1安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫
yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL -y
2.2修改數(shù)據(jù)庫
[mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid bind-address = 172.16.21.37 default-storage-engine = innodb innodb_file_per_table = on max_connections = 4096 collation-server = utf8_general_ci character-set-server = utf8
2.3重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫
systemctl enable mariadb.service;systemctl start mariadb.service
2.4初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫
[root@controller ~]# mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n ... skipping. By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
3、安裝RabbitMq并配置(controller節(jié)點執(zhí)行)
- RabbitMq是一種應用程序對應用程序的通信方法。應用程序通過讀寫出入隊列的消息(針對應用程序的數(shù)據(jù))來通信,而無需專用連接來鏈接它們。
- 消息傳遞指的是程序之間通過在消息中發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)進行通信,而不是通過直接調用彼此來通信,直接調用通常是用于諸如遠程過程調用的技術。
- 排隊指的是應用程序通過隊列來通信。隊列的使用除去了接收和發(fā)送應用程序同時執(zhí)行的要求。
3.1安裝RabbitMq
yum install -y rabbitmq-server
3.2啟動并配置開機啟動
systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service;systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
查看是否啟動成功
systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service
3.3添加 openstack 用戶
rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 000000
3.4給openstack用戶開放權限
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags openstack administrator rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
查看一下
[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl list_users Listing users openstack [administrator] guest [administrator]
打開RabbitMq圖像界面(這一步可以不做)
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
- web界面登陸測試:
- http://172.16.14.224:15672 使用openstack/000000登陸即可
4、安裝memcached(controller節(jié)點執(zhí)行)
- memcached是一個開源的、高性能的分布式內存對象緩存系統(tǒng)。
- 通過在內存中緩存數(shù)據(jù)和對象來減少讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫的次數(shù),從而提高網站訪問速度,減輕數(shù)據(jù)庫負載。
- memcached是一種內存緩存,把經常需要存儲的對象或數(shù)據(jù)存在內存中。
- 在內存中數(shù)據(jù)通過API的方式被存取,數(shù)據(jù)經過利用HASH之后被存放到位于內存上的HASH表內,HASH表中的數(shù)據(jù)已key-value的形式存放,由于Memcached滅有實現(xiàn)訪問認證及安全管理控制,因此在面向Internet的系統(tǒng)架構中,Memcached服務器通常位于用戶的安全區(qū)域。
yum install memcached python-memcached -y
修改配置
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached PORT="11211" USER="memcached" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="-l controller"
systemctl enable memcached.service;systemctl start memcached.service
查看是否啟動成功
systemctl status memcached.service
檢查一下memcache端口:
5、Etcd服務安裝(controller節(jié)點執(zhí)行)
5.1安裝服務
yum install etcd -y
5.2編輯/etc/etcd/etcd.conf文件
vi /etc/etcd/etcd.conf ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS #[Member] ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2379" ETCD_NAME="controller" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.14.224:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://172.16.14.224:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
5.3設置服務開機啟動
systemctl enable etcd; systemctl start etcd
到這里部署環(huán)境準備完成
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